The Routineness of Routines: Measuring Rhythms of Media Interaction

The routines of information work are commonplace yet difficult to characterize. Although cognitive models have successfully characterized routine tasks within which there is little variation, a large body of ethnomethodological research has identified the inherent nonroutineness of routines in information work. We argue that work does not fall into discrete classes of routine versus nonroutine; rather, task performance lies on a continuum of routineness, and routineness metrics are important to the understanding of workplace multitasking.

In a study of 10 information workers shadowed for 3 whole working days each, we utilize the construct of working sphere to model projects/tasks as a network of humans and artifacts. Employing a statistical technique called T-pattern analysis, we derive measures of routineness from these real-world data. In terms of routineness, we show that information workers experience archetypes of working spheres. The results indicate that T-patterns of interactions with information and computational media are important indicators of facets of routineness and that these measures are correlated with workers' affective states. Our results are some of the first to demonstrate how regular temporal patterns of media interaction in tasks are related to stress. These results suggest that designs of systems to facilitate so-called routine work should consider the degrees to which a person's working spheres fall along varying facets of routineness.     

WAT02-DRQ电容器微机保护装置改造

介绍改造WAT02-DRQ电容器微机保护装置以实现电容器差压保护的方法。     

隐伏向斜扬起端构造控水规律分析——以开滦东欢坨矿为例

针对基岩裂隙含水层复杂、不均匀富水规律,以开滦东欢坨矿北二采区8煤层顶板含水层为例,综合分析了隐伏向斜中基岩裂隙含水层地下水富集的构造控制因素。得出向斜构造仰起端控制上覆水源含水层厚度、过水断面面积及风化带渗透性,影响基岩裂隙水补给;褶皱和断层的伴生裂隙与层面裂隙构成导、储水裂隙网络,断层发育密度、断层走向与地下水径流方向的关系对含水层局部富水性差异具有重要影响。     

智能手机操作系统群雄并起

近年来,随着全球移动数据业务使用量的迅猛增长,智能手机销量不断攀升。代表不同市场阵营的智能手机操作系统竞争日益激烈。笔者在回顾市场上主流操作系统形成现今市场地位的历史原因同时,对其未来的发展机遇逐一作了分析,在此基础上,对未来智能手机操作系统的市场格局做出了预测。     

发展现代水利 促进强县富民

河南省长垣县地处豫鲁交界,东临黄河,面积1 051 km2,耕地86万亩（5.73万hm2）,人口80万,其中农业人口58万。特殊的区位和县情,决定了水利在全县经济社会发展中具有不可替代的作用。     

Dieless drawing steel wires using a dielectric heating method and modeling the process dynamics

Modern industries require the production of multi-functional, inorganic, micron-sized metal wires. This study suggests a novel method that could potentially offer a highly efficient dieless drawing technology for manufacturing thin stainless steel fibers. The method is based on a hot-working principle, using microwaves as the heat source and SiC as the susceptor. Experimental trials with a laboratory rig showed that the new system worked effectively for drawing the stainless steel wires and should be able to realize the diameter attenuation with a diameter reduction of up to 21%. The theoretical model describing the deformation behavior of the stainless steel wires in the working zone along with the constitutive equation of Bingham model modified with a power law and Zener–Hollomon parameter turned out to match very good with the actual results of the experiment. The coefficient of variation of the drawn wire diameter increased, as the draw ratio increased, which could be attributed to the occurrence of the narrow necking zone.     

水力通风冷却塔的发展与应用现状

现在运转的机力通风冷却塔的进塔水压绝大多数超过了所需水压,多余的水能白白浪费。如采用专用水轮机取代冷却塔风机的电动机和减速机,则可将此多余的水能充分利用。目前专用水轮机进步到第二代产品,如果再增设一些辅助设备,则可实现冷却塔智能化控制,节能效果更加显著。     

响应面法优化超临界CO2提取茶籽多糖的工艺研究

茶多糖具有多种重要的生物活性。本研究采用响应面法优化茶籽多糖的超临界CO2提取工艺,运用小星点设计考察萃取时间(30～150min)、压力(15～45MPa)、温度(40～80℃)及夹带剂乙醇浓度(50%～90%)四因素对茶籽多糖得率的影响。响应面分析表明,茶籽多糖得率与四因素关系符合二次模型。时间和夹带剂乙醇浓度的一次项和二次项、压力的二次项以及时间和压力的交互作用对茶籽多糖得率具有显著影响。该二次多项式模型用后退法进行逐步回归得到简化模型,依据简化后的模型在各因素设定范围内获得最佳提取工艺为:时间150min,压力45MPa,温度60℃,夹带剂乙醇浓度为65%。该条件下进行三次重复试验,茶籽多糖的实际平均得率为13.23%,与预测值13.96%无显著差异。     

监理企业从事项目管理与监理一体化的探索

分析了我国项目管理与监理业务的趋同与背离,指出了工程监理与项目管理的高度关联和趋同性,并用具体实例,证实了监理企业从事项目管理和监理一体化服务是顺应市场需求的必然趋势。     

基于锁相环模型的PMSM无传感器矢量控制研究

介绍了适用于永磁同步电机转子转速与位置检测的数学模型．该数学模型是从锁相环的数学模型中推导出来的，通过检测电机的电流和电压信号，从中提取与电机转子位置有关的信息，以达到无速度传感器控制的目的．