The lubrication effect of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate on the natural temporomandibular cartilage under torsional fretting wear

The aim of this study is to investigate the lubrication of hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) on the condylar cartilage of the temporomandibular joint. The wear behaviour of bovine condyle cartilage was explored against a zirconia ball with different lubrications under torsional fretting mode. The worn cartilage morphologies were observed using scanning electron microscopy and hemotoxylin and eosin staining. The results indicated that HA or CS could significantly lower the friction torque and dissipated energy of fretting interface and reduce the damage of the articular cartilage surface compared to the control (phosphate‐buffered saline). The mixture (HA and CS) could provide better protection for the cartilage layer. Absence of good lubrication in overloading torsional fretting process caused excessive cartilage wear. High concentration and high molecular weight HA or CS acted as good boundary lubricants, and the lubrication effect of their mixture was better due to their synergistic function. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双排桩及搅拌桩联合支护基坑的应用探讨

以一实际基坑支护工程为研究背景,该基坑工程的支护形式为双排桩结合深层搅拌桩,分析了现场监测资料如基坑变形、桩体变形等.结果表明,这种支护形式能够确保基坑的稳定性.最后以实测数据为依据,运用数值模拟软件对这种支护形式进行模拟实验,分析了深层搅拌桩和双排桩联合支护结构的变形特征和受力机理,并且对深层搅拌桩及双排桩的位置关系进行了探讨.本文的实例分析可以为类似工程提供必要的参考.     

北方某立交桥冬期施工技术

介绍了北方某城市立交桥在冬期进行的各分部结构施工所采取的保温技术措施。     

有机硅改性混凝土防水抗渗性能研究

采用有机硅改性水泥混凝土制备了有机硅聚合物防水混凝土,从防水性能、吸水率、氯离子渗透性能等角度,系统研究了其防水抗渗性能。研究表明,有机硅掺入水泥混凝土后,能形成网状交联结构,有效改善水泥混凝土的防水抗渗性能和抗氯离子渗透能力。这一结果为有机硅聚合物混凝土的实际工程应用提供了技术支持。     

32m双线简支箱梁在对开列车作用下梁体竖向动力响应规律研究

将列车、双线简支箱梁分别简化为二系悬挂多刚体体系和模态函数,推导车桥系统动力方程,建立并验证车桥相互作用模型,对双线简支箱梁在对开列车作用下梁体竖向动力响应规律进行研究。研究表明:对开列车作用下,桥梁动力响应与列车运行速度及入桥距离差密切相关;列车以共同速度对开时,可引起的梁体最大挠度动力系数与单线行车作用下基本一致,但梁体动力响应值约为单线行车引起的梁体动力响应值的2倍。     

紫金县文化活动中心结构设计

介绍紫金县文化活动中心工程结构设计过程,主要包括结构体系和抗侧力体系的确定、结构计算分析、抗震设计、圆弧形看台的设计等内容,供设计人员参考。     

试论建筑智能化工程建设中的合同管理

建筑智能化工程建设中的合同管理是项目管理的核心,它集技术、管理、经济于一体,其管理过程可分为招投标、合同签订、合同履行三个阶段。本文针对建筑智能化工程合同管理中所存在的若干问题进行了分析,并就三个阶段中如何进行合同管理提出几点认识或对策。     

Rheology of polyacrylonitrile‐based precursor polymers produced from controlled (RAFT) and conventional polymerization: Its role in solution spinning

Polymer solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent, made from reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)‐mediated polyacrylonitrile (RAFT^¥ PAN) terpolymer with molecular weight (MW) of 260,000 g/mol and dispersity (Ð) of 1.29, behave differently under applied shear stress than polymer solutions made from conventional PAN (Control PAN) with similar MW (258,000 g/mol) but Ð of 2.05 in the same solvent. The unique rheology of RAFT PAN is because of the reduced amount of high MW polymer fractions. Specifically, a 25% (w/v) polymer solution of RAFT PAN had a viscosity of 198 Pas while the equivalent control PAN polymer solution had a viscosity of 968 Pas at a shear rate of 1 s^?1. Also, RAFT PAN polymer solutions had a longer Newtonian plateau than control PAN polymer solutions. This exhibits more liquid character in RAFT PAN polymer solutions than control PAN polymer solutions at same temperature and concentration. In dynamic tests, RAFT PAN polymer solutions gelled slower than their equivalent control PAN polymer solutions because of their longer polymer chain relaxation times. Slow gelling and higher liquid character in RAFT PAN polymer solutions can result in obtaining stronger and finer precursor fibers during wet spinning. Since RAFT PAN polymer solutions exhibit low viscosity and higher liquid character when compared to its equivalent control PAN at same concentration and temperature, these can allow a wider working window for wet spinning and can also allow higher solid content in the polymer solutions that remain easy to wet spin. This is expected to lead to compact and finer fibers with less voids and higher strength. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44273.     

基于人体舒适度日特征向量的PSO-NN短期负荷预测

通过详细分析负荷特征,结合平均风速、最大风速等8项气象数据,引入风寒指数、炎热指数和人体舒适度用以综合考量气象对负荷的累加影响。同时,通过构建日特征性向量,分别对不同季节采用不同的特征向量选择相似日。利用粒子群(PSO)优化神经网络(NN)的权值和阈值,从而降低了计算规模和提高预测准确性。算例表明,该方法能够针对不同季节特点,选取较合适的相似日,算法收敛速度快、有较高的预测精度和较强的适用性。     

A concept of reactive compatibilizer‐tracer for studying reactive polymer blending processes

A concept called reactive compatibilizer‐tracer is proposed. The latter bears reactive groups capable of reacting with its counterpart on forming a copolymer for in situ compatibilization, and fluorescent labels allowing determining very small amounts of the in situ formed compatibilizer and formation of micelles when it occurs. Owing to this concept, it is shown that a reactive compatibilizer may be very efficient at the beginning of a reactive blending process and may suddenly become completely inefficient, resulting in an abrupt and drastic increase in size of the dispersed phase domains. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 359–366, 2016