实验动物在血液制品中的应用

目的：阐述实验动物在血液制品生产质量控制过程中应用的重要性。方法：按《中华人民共和国药典》2005年版三部要求及相关项目的技术规范进行血液制品质量控制。结果：血浆数量150吨,可同时生产以下品种的产品,人血白蛋白共30批次,总瓶数约40万瓶（折10g）;免疫球蛋白类：共30批次,总瓶数约30万瓶（折2.5g）;人纤维蛋白原：共30批次,总瓶数约15万瓶（折0.5g）;人凝血酶原复合物：共30批次,总瓶数约12万瓶（折300IU）;人凝血因子Ⅷ：共30批次,总瓶数约10万瓶（折200IU）。需使用家兔870只、豚鼠300只小鼠750只。结论：实验动物应用于血液制品生产质量控制发挥了非常重要的作用。     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped CaxBa1?xTiO3 (0.3?x<1) fine particles

Ca _x Ba_1−x TiO₃ (CBT) fine particles doped with red luminescence center of Pr³⁺ ions (Pr: CBT) were successfully synthesized by salt assisted spray pyrolysis (SASP) process. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and laser scattering analysis demonstrate that salt can be removed from the surface of particles by washing with Milli-Q water and the particles can be further separated by ball-milling to get well-dispersed Pr³⁺ ions doped CBT fine particles. The luminescence properties, such as photoluminescence (PL) and mechanoluminescence (ML), of as-synthesized Pr: CBT particles were investigated. For Pr: CBT fine particles with different Ca molar ratios, all the samples show one emission at 612 nm, with increasing Ca molar ratio, PL intensity of Pr: CBT fine particles become stronger and stronger. When pressure was loaded on the Pr: CBT pellet, mechanoluminescence(ML) emission was measured. The results show that the ML intensity is proportional to the applied pressure.     

Cycling hardening and serration yielding of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at high temperature under out-phase TMF

Behaviour of hardening and serration yield of a Fe-Ni-Cr alloy under isothermal cycling (ISC) and out-phase TMF was studied on the basis of varied hysteresis loops. Cycling hardening and serrated yielding for ISC depend on the temperature and the total strain range, stronger hardening with serrated yielding at higher strain range under ISC at 600 °C, but no hardening and serrated yielding occurred under ISC at 800 °C. Stronger hardening with stress serration occurred at the thermal path going to the lowest temperature, no stress serration occurred at the highest temperature under the out-phase. The hardening also depends on the total strain range, higher total strain range with lower cycling temperature resulted in a stronger hardening and remarkable serration yielding behavior. Weaker hardening without serrated yielding occurred at near 800 °C may due to an obvious cycling stress drop under out-phase TMF. Change in the shape of the hysteresis loops also expresses the degree of the damage of the tested alloy under out-phase and ISC.     

Fabrication and characterization of nano silver powder prepared by spray pyrolysis

Silver powder was fabricated by spray pyrolysis, using 2%–20% AgNO₃ solution, 336–500 mL/h flux of AgNO₃ solution, 0.28–0.32 MPa flux of carrier gas and in the 620–820 °C temperature range. The effects of furnace set temperature, concentration of AgNO₃ aqueous solution, flux of AgNO₃ aqueous solution as well as carrier gas on the morphology and particle size distribution of silver powder, were investigated. The experimental results showed that with the high concentration of AgNO₃ aqueous solution, the average grain size of silver decreased with the increasing of furnace set temperature. But the gain size distribution was not homogenous, the discontinuous grain growth occurred. With the low concentration of AgNO₃ aqueous solution, the higher furnace set temperature made the nano sliver grains sintered together to grow. Nano silver powder about 100 nm was fabricated by spray pyrolysis, using 2wt% AgNO₃ solutions, 336 mL/h flux of AgNO₃ aqueous solution, 0.32 MPa flux of carrier gas at 720 °C furnace set temperature.     

Research on the friction and wear mechanism of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/hydroxylapatite composite hydrogel

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hydroxylapatite (PVA/HA) composite hydrogel was prepared with poly(vinyl alcohol) and hydroxylapatite as raw materials, using the method of repeated freezing and thawing. The morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed by means of high-accuracy 3D profiler and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The compressive elastic modulus and the stress relaxation characteristics of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were measured using the flat-head cylinder indenter. The friction and wear tests between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage were performed on the micro-tribometer. The worn morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results showed that PVA/HA composite hydrogel has the cross-link network microstructure which is similar to that of the natural bovine knee articular cartilages. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content, the degree of cross-link and the crystallization of PVA/HA composite hydrogel both increase, the elastic modulus increases evidently, the rate of stress relaxation is improved and the value of balance stress decreases. The friction coefficient decreases with the increase of the freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The more the freezing-thawing cycles are, the earlier the friction coefficient reaches the stable balance value. The friction deformation depth between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage is inversely proportional to freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The main wear mechanisms of PVA/HA composite hydrogel are plastic flowing and adhesive flaking. The wear severity degree decreases with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. Supported by Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50535050), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-06-0479) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK2005403)     

A macro-meso constitutive law for concrete having imperfect interface and nonlinear matrix

The overall behavior of concrete depends on its meso structures such as aggregate shape, interface status, and mortar matrix property. The two key meso structure characters of concrete, bond status of interface and nonlinear property of matrix, are considered in focus. The variational structure principle is adopted to establish the macro-meso constitutive law of concrete. Specially, a linear reference composite material is selected to make its effective behavior approach the nonlinear overall behavior of concrete. And the overall property of linear reference composite can be estimated by classical estimation method such as self-consistent estimates method and Mori-Tanaka method. This variational structure method involves an optimum problem ultimately. Finally, the macro-meso constitutive law of concrete is established by optimizing the shear modulus of matrix of the linear reference composite. By analyzing the constitutive relation of concrete established, we find that the brittleness of concrete stems from the imperfect interface and the shear dilation property of concrete comes from the micro holes contained in concrete. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50679022, 90510017, 50539090) and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB714104)     

Discrimination for ablative control mechanism in solid-propellant rocket nozzle

The ablation in solid-propellant rocket nozzle is a coupling process resulted by chemistry, heat and mass transfer. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, the aero-thermo-dynamic, and thermo-chemical kinetics, the thermal-chemical ablation model is established. Simulations are completed on the heat flow field and chemical ablation in the nozzle with different concentrations, frequency factors and activation energy of H2. The calculation results show that the concentration and the activation energy of H...     

异辛酸钴的制备和应用

采用硫酸钴沉淀法制备异辛酸钴,并在水相与有机相的分离过程中添加助剂的方法,可使分离后有机相不经水洗即可彻底除去SO_4~(2-)离子,简化了工艺流程。介绍了异辛酸钴催干剂在4种醇酸磁漆中的应用及其性能检测结果。检测结果表明,异辛酸钴用于醇酸磁漆的性能指标达到或超过规定标准,尤其光泽、硬度两项指标优于同类产品水平,町作为环烷酸钴等常用催干剂的更新换代产品。     

太阳能溴化锂吸收式制冷系统吸收特性的研究

太阳能溴化锂吸收式制冷系统的吸收器采用传热、传质分离装置,利用预冷器预先冷却和喷淋吸收的方法完成对传热、传质的分离。通过建立吸收器的计算模型,分析冷冻水出口温度、冷却水进口温度、热水温度、喷淋温度、喷淋密度等因素对传热、传质的影响。利用传热、传质分离方法,使系统的吸收特性得到强化,从而使系统获得较高的性能系数。     

A Sequential Design Approach for Switching ℌ∞ LPV Control

This paper proposes a sequential design scheme for switching ℌ_∞ LPV (Linear Parameter-Varying) control, aiming to reduce the computational complexity of the associated optimization problem. Different from the traditional approach that simultaneously designs switching LPV controllers and solves a high-dimensional optimization problem, the proposed sequential design approach renders a bundle of low-dimensional optimization problems to be solved iteratively. Individual ℌ_∞ LPV controller for each subregion is synthesized by independent PLMIs (Parametric Linear Matrix Inequalities) to guarantee ℌ_∞ performance, and controller variables are interpolated on the overlapped subregions such that the ℌ_∞ performance is also guaranteed on the overlapped subregion. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method to reduce the computational load in each design iteration and improved ℌ_∞ performance over the conventional simultaneous design method with well-tuned interpolation coefficient.