电子和β射线两用外推电离室的研制

本文研制了一台测量电子束和β射线吸收剂量的外推电离室,其空腔室壁材料可拆换并分别与空气、组织和硅等效,收集电极名义直径为1.5、3、10和30mm,空气空腔可变范围为0.2～15mm。该外推电离室具有在空腔内部测温,自动改变窗口上方材料厚度及采用微型计算机控制等特点。适用于测10 MeV能量以下,剂量率为10~5～10~(-3)Gy/h的电子或β射线吸收剂量。整个外推电离室自动测剂量系统在测~(204)TLβ放射源表面剂量率的不确定度为2.3％。测1.5 MeV电子束在硅和哈密瓜深部剂量率时,不确定度分别为4.0％和2.8％。     

Study on heat conduction and adsorption/desorption characteristic of MIL-101/few layer graphene composite

Journal of Porous Materials - Aiming at the poor heat conduction performance of porous MIL-101 applied in adsorption cooling process, few layer graphene (FLG) was selected as a promising thermal...     

One-step molten salt carbonization of tobacco stem for capacitive carbon

Journal of Porous Materials - High-performance carbon materials for supercapacitors were prepared by a one-step molten salt carbonization of tobacco stem in molten carbonate. Physicochemical...     

Study on diffusion welding SiCp/ZL101 with Cu interlayer

Through the vacuum diffusion welding SiCp/ZL101 aluminum with Cu interlayer,the effect of welding parame-ter and the thickness of Cu on the welded joint property was investigated,and the optimal welding parameters were putforward at the same time.The microstructure of joint was analyzed by means of optical-microscope,scanning electron mi-croscope in order to study the relationship between the macro-properties of joint and the microstructure.The results showthat diffusion welding with Cu interlayer could be used for welding aluminum matrix composites SiCp/ZL101 successfully.     

Predicting phase equilibrium,phase transformation,and microstructure evolution in titanium alloys

Phase transformation and microstructural evolution in commercial titanium alloys are extremely complex. Traditional models that characterize microstructural features by average values without capturing the anisotropy and spatially varying aspects may not be sufficient to quantitatively define the microstructure and hence to allow for establishing a robust microstructure-property relationship. This article discusses recent efforts in integrating thermodynamic modeling and phase-field simulation to develop computational tools for quantitative prediction of phase equilibrium and spatiotemporal evolution of microstructures during thermal processing that account explicitly for precipitate morphology, spatial arrangement, and anisotropy. The rendering of the predictive capabilities of the phase-field models as fast-acting design tools through the development of constitutive equations is also demonstrated. For more information, contact Y.-Z. Wang, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43221, USA; (614) 292-0682; fax (614) 292-1537; e-mail wang.363@osu.edu.     

废催化剂中钯的回收

用硫酸溶解载体－盐酸＋氧化剂浸出－离子交换提取３１－１Ａ催化剂（含Ｐｂ０．０３１％）中的钯，可获得纯度９９．９７％Ｐｄ产品，实收率〉９７％。     

Effect of supports on the redox performance of pyrite cinder in chemical looping combustion

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a clean and efficient flame-free combustion technology,which combust the fuels by lattice oxygen from a solid oxygen carrier with inherent CO2 capture.The develop-ment of oxygen carriers with low cost and high redox performance is crucial to the whole efficiency of CLC process.As the solid by-product from the sulfuric acid production,pyrite cinder presented excellent redox performance as an oxygen carrier in CLC process.The main components in pyrite cinder are Fe2O3,CaSO4,Al2O3 and SiO2 in which Fe2O3 is the active component to provide lattice oxygen.In order to sys-tematic investigate the functions of supports (CaSO4,Al2O3 and SiO2) in pyrite cinder,three oxygen car-riers (Fe2O3-CaSO4,Fe2O3-Al2O3 and Fe2O3-SiO2) were prepared and evaluated in this study.The results showed that Fe2O3-CaSO4 displayed high redox activity and cycling stability in the multiple redox cycles.However,both Fe2O3-Al2O3 and Fe2O3-SiO2 experienced serious deactivation during redox reactions.It indicated that the inert Fe-Si solid solution (Fe2SiO4) was formed in the spent Fe2O3-SiO2 sample,which decreased the oxygen carrying capacity of this sample.The XPS results showed that the oxygen species on the surface of Fe2O3-CaSO4 could be fully recovered after the 20 redox cycles.It can be concluded that CaSO4 is the key to the high redox activity and cycling stability of pyrite cinder.     

火力发电厂自动加氧处理系统的研究与应用

针对超(超)临界机组不采用加氧处理,给水系统容易发生流动加速腐蚀(影响安全)、水冷壁结垢速率高(降低锅炉效率)、锅炉酸洗周期短(影响效益)、水冷壁节流孔堵塞(影响安全)、凝结水精处理运行周期短(影响节能减排)等实际问题,通过融合预测控制技术及自适应控制技术,提出了符合现代火电机组加氧工况要求的先进解决方案自动加氧装置.该技术通过研制加氧流量传感器,产生与氧气流量对应的电子信号,将与流量相关的电子信号送到PLC,与流量设定值进行比对,再调节氧气流量调节门,实现加氧量的精准控制,最终实现闭环控制,并能有效减少在稳定工况及升、降负荷过程中凝结水、给水氧量关键参数的波动,控制参数十分平稳,确保了大型火电机组的安全、稳定及高效运行.     

Characterization of ultrafine La x Sr1−x MnO3 powder prepared by spray pyrolysis

The characterization of La _x Sr_1−x MnO₃ powders produced by spray pyrolysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, specific surface area (Brunauer-Emett-Teller), and particle size distribution measurements shows that the resultant large particles are loose agglomerates consisting of many small particles. However, the sintered tiny particles can form hard agglomerates, and the particle size increases remarkably. The structures of the powders before and after sintering were identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study of the electrical property of the powder shows that the powder is a metallic conductor. In a reducing atmosphere, the powder can be decomposed. When the powder is cofired with yttria-stabilized zirconia 5% (YSZ) powder at 1200 °C for 5 h, no new phase is produced, and the powder remains a single provskite hexagonal-rhombohedral structure.