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81.
ME Klepser EJ Wolfe RN Jones CH Nightingale MA Pfaller 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,41(6):1392-1395
Time-kill curves were determined for three isolates of Candida albicans tested against fluconazole and amphotericin B at multiples of the MIC. Fluconazole produced fungistatic activity, with concentration-related growth effects observed over a narrow range of concentrations. Amphotericin B exhibited fungicidal activity, with enhancement of activity over a broader range of concentrations. 相似文献
82.
EO Olapade-Olaopa RN Morley CJ Carter BH Walmsley 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,11(6):350-351
Lower genito-urinary problems are part of the polyneuropathy of diabetes. Cystopathy affects 40%-85% of diabetic patients, although less than half are symptomatic. We report on a 42-year-old patient who was not known to be diabetic, and who presented to the urologists with primary acute urinary retention. His underlaying disease was detected by a test for random blood glucose. More common causes were excluded with careful clinical and radiological examinations. He was managed with insulin and self-catheterization. Diabetes should be considered as a differential diagnosis in relatively young men who present with unexplained acute urinary retention. 相似文献
83.
Salmeterol, a long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, also possesses some anti-inflammatory properties, but whether eosinophils are the target of such action has been equivocal. To clarify the direct effect of salmeterol on eosinophil functions, we have studied the effect of the drug on the various responses of purified human eosinophils. Superoxide anions (O2-) release and adherence to fibronectin-coated plastic plates induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as degranulation induced by C5a and formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP), in the presence of cytochalasin B (CB) were studied. In the concentration range 10(-8)-10(-5) M, the drug inhibited PAF- and IL-5-induced O2- release, with an IC50 values of 3.2 +/- 1.2 x 10(-7) M and 2.2 +/- 0.4 x 10(-6) M, respectively, Superoxide anion release by LTB4 was only modestly inhibited while that due to PMA was completely unaffected. On the other hand, eosinophil adherence induced by all the 4 stimuli were significantly inhibited within the same concentration range. On eosinophil degranulation, the drug failed to significantly inhibit the release of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) induced by either C5a or FMLP. In contrast, beta-hexoseaminidase (beta-HA) release by the same agents was significantly inhibited, the inhibition being more pronounced for FMLP-induced, than C5a-induced release. None of the effects of the drug was reversed by the selective beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118551 at a concentration of 10(-7) M. These results show that salmeterol may have some direct inhibitory effects on human eosinophil functions but that these effects are both stimulus- and response-dependent, and are unlikely to be mediated via beta 2 adrenoceptors. 相似文献
84.
HE Gilleland LB Gilleland J Staczek RN Harty A Garcia-Sastre OG Engelhardt P Palese 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,(98):291-301
Peptide 10 (NATAEGRAINRRVE, residues 305-318 of mature protein F) is one of two linear B-cell epitopes within outer membrane protein F of Pseudomonas aeruginosa both of which have been shown to elicit whole cell-reactive antibodies and to afford protection in animal models against P. aeruginosa infection. Influenza A virus was chosen as a vector to present this epitope in a human-compatible vaccine. Various lengths of the peptide 10 epitope ranging from a 5-mer (GRAIN), 7-mer (AINRRVE), 8-mer (TAEGRAIN), 9-mer (GRAINRRVE), 11-mer (AEGRAINRRVE) to a 12-mer (TAEGRAINRRVE) were attempted to be presented into the antigenic B-site of the hemagglutinin (HA) of live recombinant influenza virus. Using PCR, DNA sequences encoding these various peptide 10 lengths were inserted into the HA gene of influenza A/WSN/33 virus. By using a reverse-genetics transfection system, RNA transcribed in vitro from these chimeric HA genes was reassorted into infectious virus. To date chimeric viruses have been rescued and purified containing the peptide 10 5-mer, 7-mer, 8-mer, and 11-mer. RT-PCR and sequencing have confirmed the presence of P. aeruginosa sequences in the HA RNA segment of each chimeric virus. Each of the four chimeric viruses produced to date was used to immunize mice to determine the ability of each chimeric virus to elicit antibodies reactive with whole cells of P. aeruginosa. The immunization protocol consisted of a series of three intranasal inoculations, followed by two intramuscular injections of the chimeric virus. The chimeric virus incorporating the 11-mer elicited IgG antibodies that reacted with various immunotype strains of P. aeruginosa in a whole cell ELISA at titers of 80 to 2,560, whereas the chimeric virus incorporating the 8-mer elicited whole cell-reactive IgG antibodies at titers of 320 to 2,560. These data suggest that these two chimeric viruses may have vaccine efficacy against P. aeruginosa infection. These studies may result in the development of a chimeric influenza virus-protein F vaccine which would prove to be suitable for use in children with cystic fibrosis for the prevention of pulmonary colonization of these children with P. aeruginosa. 相似文献
85.
86.
The ADP-receptor on the surface of human platelets and cells of megakaryocytic lineage has been classified as P2T purinergic receptor for which ADP is an agonist and ATP is an antagonist. Although it is one of the earliest identified of the important cellular receptors, it has neither been purified nor cloned. We have developed an immunoaffinity method for rapidly identifying the platelet ADP-receptor and this method can be extended to the purification of the receptor. A polyclonal antibody to glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) covalently modified by 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine (FSBA) recognized neither FSBA nor glutamate dehydrogenase. Immunoblot of the gel obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of solubilized FSBA-labeled platelets showed the presence of a protein band at 100 kDa and this band was absent in the immunoblots of platelets that were preincubated with ADP and ATP or covalently modified by the chemically reactive ADP-affinity analogs, 2- and 8-(4-bromo-2,3-dioxobutylthio)adenosine-5'-diphosphate (2- and 8BDB-TADP) and 2-(3-bromo-2-oxopropylthio)adenosine-5'-diphosphate (2-BOP-TADP), prior to treatment with FSBA. FSBA as well as 2- and 8-BDB-TADP and 2-BOP-TADP have been previously shown to inhibit ADP-induced platelet responses by selectively and covalently modifying aggregin (100 kDa), an ADP-receptor in intact human blood platelets. The results show that polyclonal antibody to FSBA-labeled GDH is capable of recognizing FSBA-labeled aggregin on platelets and, thus, could be used to purify aggregin by immunoaffinity column chromatography. The immunoaffinity method was found to be far more sensitive than the radiochemical methods to identify aggregin previously developed in our laboratory. Since FSBA is also capable of reacting with enzymes that require ATP for their catalytic function, the polyclonal antibody may be used to identify and purify other P2-type purinergic receptors that require binding of ATP before eliciting cellular responses. 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
R Chatterjee D Mukhopadhyay RN Chakraborty RB Mitra 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,26(7):310-314
The numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were quantified in oral carcinomas (n = 39) with or without human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The AgNOR counts of the HPV-positive samples (7.15 +/- 2.13) were not significantly (P = 0.09) higher than those of the HPV-negative ones (6.16 +/- 1.89). Furthermore, the lesions infected with multiple HPV types had greater counts than those with HPV type 16/18 infection alone. Significant differences were observed between the mean counts of the poorly (10.50 +/- 0.54), moderately (7.31 +/- 1.07) and well- (5.12 +/- 0.85) differentiated carcinomas. The mean AgNOR numbers in the oral carcinomas at TNM stages III/IV were found to be significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the numbers in corresponding stage II lesions. Cytokinetics of the lesions assessed by the bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) labelling index (LI%) showed a linear correlation (r = 0.91; P < 0.0001) with their respective mean AgNOR counts. 相似文献
90.