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91.
This work considers the open-loop control problem of steering a two-level quantum system from any initial to any final condition. The model of this system evolves on the state space , having two inputs that correspond to the complex amplitude of a resonant laser field. A symmetry preserving flat output is constructed using a fully geometric construction and quaternion computations. Simulation results of this flatness-based open-loop control are provided. 相似文献
92.
This paper proposes a methodology to compute quadratic performance bounds when the closed loop poles of a discrete-time multivariable control loop are confined to a disk, centred at the origin, and with radius less than one. The underlying philosophy in this constraint is to avoid certain undesirable dynamic features which arise in quadratic optimal designs. An expression for the performance loss due to the pole location constraint is also provided. Using numerical examples, we show that the performance loss is compensated by an improved transient performance, specially visible in the control signals. 相似文献
93.
Mathematical simulation has been widely used in biomedical and biological sciences. In the case of the surface electromyographic (SEMG) activity, some models have been proposed aiming to study muscle contraction strategies that are used during different tasks and conditions. Most of SEMG simulators are based on energy modulation of a Gaussian noise. This work proposes a novel simulator in which the user-defined parameters are associated with the motor units (MUs) recruitment and their firing rate. Comparison between the mean spectrum of real SEMG signals collected in isometric contraction of the muscle biceps brachii and the mean spectrum obtained from simulated SEMG signals showed a good agreement, pointing the proposed simulator seems to be capable to generate consistent electromyographic signals in time and frequency domains and that can be used in many studies, in particular in the evaluation of automatic methods aimed to detect muscular contraction. 相似文献
94.
Huiguang Liang Ransi Nilaksha De Silva Wei Tsang Ooi Mehul Motani 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2009,45(1-3):163-190
We collected mobility traces of avatars spanning multiple regions in Second Life, a popular user-created virtual world. We analyzed the traces to characterize the dynamics of the avatars’ mobility and behavior, both temporally and spatially. We discuss the implications of our findings on the design of peer-to-peer architecture, interest management, mobility modeling of avatars, server load balancing and zone partitioning, caching, and prefetching for user-created virtual worlds. 相似文献
95.
Mark Liffiton Maher Mneimneh Inês Lynce Zaher Andraus João Marques-Silva Karem Sakallah 《Constraints》2009,14(4):415-442
Explaining the causes of infeasibility of Boolean formulas has practical applications in numerous fields, such as artificial
intelligence (repairing inconsistent knowledge bases), formal verification (abstraction refinement and unbounded model checking),
and electronic design (diagnosing and correcting infeasibility). Minimal unsatisfiable subformulas (MUSes) provide useful
insights into the causes of infeasibility. An unsatisfiable formula often has many MUSes. Based on the application domain,
however, MUSes with specific properties might be of interest. In this paper, we tackle the problem of finding a smallest-cardinality
MUS (SMUS) of a given formula. An SMUS provides a succinct explanation of infeasibility and is valuable for applications that
are heavily affected by the size of the explanation. We present (1) a baseline algorithm for finding an SMUS, founded on earlier
work for finding all MUSes, and (2) a new branch-and-bound algorithm called Digger that computes a strong lower bound on the size of an SMUS and splits the problem into more tractable subformulas in a recursive
search tree. Using two benchmark suites, we experimentally compare Digger to the baseline algorithm and to an existing incomplete genetic algorithm approach. Digger is shown to be faster in nearly all cases. It is also able to solve far more instances within a given runtime limit than
either of the other approaches. 相似文献
96.
Guilherme T. de Assis Alberto H. F. Laender Marcos André Gonçalves Altigran S. da Silva 《World Wide Web》2009,12(3):285-319
Focused crawlers have as their main goal to crawl Web pages that are relevant to a specific topic or user interest, playing
an important role for a great variety of applications. In general, they work by trying to find and crawl all kinds of pages
deemed as related to an implicitly declared topic. However, users are often not simply interested in any document about a
topic, but instead they may want only documents of a given type or genre on that topic to be retrieved. In this article, we
describe an approach to focused crawling that exploits not only content-related information but also genre information present
in Web pages to guide the crawling process. This approach has been designed to address situations in which the specific topic
of interest can be expressed by specifying two sets of terms, the first describing genre aspects of the desired pages and
the second related to the subject or content of these pages, thus requiring no training or any kind of preprocessing. The
effectiveness, efficiency and scalability of the proposed approach are demonstrated by a set of experiments involving the
crawling of pages related to syllabi of computer science courses, job offers in the computer science field and sale offers
of computer equipments. These experiments show that focused crawlers constructed according to our genre-aware approach achieve
levels of F1 superior to 88%, requiring the analysis of no more than 65% of the visited pages in order to find 90% of the
relevant pages. In addition, we experimentally analyze the impact of term selection on our approach and evaluate a proposed
strategy for semi-automatic generation of such terms. This analysis shows that a small set of terms selected by an expert
or a set of terms specified by a typical user familiar with the topic is usually enough to produce good results and that such
a semi-automatic strategy is very effective in supporting the task of selecting the sets of terms required to guide a crawling
process. 相似文献
97.
In this paper we present two tests which can decide whether a given pointx
0
N
is locally efficient or not with respect to a given finite set of real valued continuously differentiable functions defined on
N
. Examples indicate that the tests may fail on a nowhere dense set. 相似文献
98.
A simulation of the profile of holographically recorded structures in photoresists is performed. In addition to its simplicity this simulation can be used to take into account the effects that arise from exposure, photosensitization, development, and resolution of positive photoresists. We analyzed the effects of isotropy of wet development, nonlinearity of the photoresist response curve, background light, and standing waves produced by reflection at the film-substrate interface by using this simulation, and the results agree with the experimentally recorded profiles. 相似文献
99.
Da Silva LB Barbee TW Cauble R Celliers P Ciarlo D Moreno JC Mrowka S Trebes JE Wan AS Weber F 《Applied optics》1995,34(28):6389-6392
The development of multilayer mirror technology capable of operating in the range of 3-30 nm and the construction of thin membranes with excellent uniformity and strength have made it possible to design and implement a Mach-Zehnder interferometer operating at 15.5 nm. We have tested this interferometer by using a soft x-ray laser as a source, and we show its use in probing high-density plasmas. 相似文献
100.
The interferometric correlation method can provide a simple and inexpensive solution for pollution imagery, especially in the case of a spatially localized gaseous cloud. We describe herein a general method for designing an interferometric correlator for the analysis of any pollutant gas that has regularly distributed absorption spectral lines. We also present a setup using a birefringent interferometer in front of a simplified camera formed by a plano-convex lens and a linear CCD sensor; this demonstrates the monitoring of SO(2) gas. Results from the laboratory simulation show the feasibility of this method. Outdoor measurements permit determination of the required conditions for on-site real-time measurement. 相似文献