三维折射成像

本文介绍了一种非线性３Ｄ折射走时反演法，该法根据初至折射走时重构了３Ｄ地下浅层速度结构。反演法采用程函方程的有限差分解，不一定需要给出初始模型，数值测试表明，３Ｄ折射成像能正确地重构三维构造，并且在同等条件下比二维成像更精确。该方法可以用于三维静校正以及三维偏移。     

LASER CLADDED TiCN COATINGS ON THE SURFACE OF TTTANIUM

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs （OM）. The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm/s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm^-2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2 and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80μm, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

硅压力传感器的应力隔离封装

<正> 当封装压力传感器时,由于传感器芯片和管壳材料之间热膨胀系数的差别,在封接部位引入应力。这一封装应力引起传感器芯片硅膜