Indikatorenbasierte Evaluierung von Fischhabitaten in alpinen Fließgewässern

The EU Water Framework Directive commits member states to achieve good ecological status in all waterbodies. Artificial or heavily modified waterbodies must reach at least its good ecological potential. In view of these requirements, simple and feasible methods are required in order to evaluate habitat suitability for relevant target species in larger river reaches. Well-developed models for determining the relationship between stream flows and habitat for target species mainly based on micro- and meso-scale already exist. However, the application of such models is complex and time-consuming and consequently limited to relatively short river segments. The objective of this study is to develop a simplified applicable assessment model to evaluate habitat conditions for selected target fish. This model uses hydro-morphological indicators for the habitat assessment and relies on correlative relations between habitat suitability and hydro-morphological features of river stretches (average Froude-number, relative flow width, mean bed slope, relative water depth and flow velocity). The indicators were determined as reach-related averages, derived from 2D model simulations (hydraulic and habitat-specific). Particular emphasis was laid on using a wide range of river stretches with different hydro-morphological characteristics (hydrology, bed substratum, bed structures, degree of braiding, sinuosity of the river course, mean bed width and bed slope). As a result, a set of model equations enables the evaluation of fish habitat conditions in river stretches as a function of flow and morphology. The habitat suitability assessment focuses on four preselected target species: brown trout, European grayling and for low slope rivers common nase and barbel.     

Gemeinsame österreichisch-ungarische Sedimentforschung im Rahmen des EFRE-Projektes SEDDON

The multiple uses of the Danube River for navigation, hydropower production and as a drinking water supply influence its ecological quality. Flow restrictions due to regulation as well as impacts on the sediment regime such as retention in the catchment area and interruption of the sediment continuum result in changes of the hydromorphological structures and can produce major problems in the context of sediment management. In light of these facts, cross-border investigations of sediment transport at the Danube River are called for. As there are no uniform research approaches shared by Austria and Hungary, the EU-funded project SEDDON (Sediment Research and Management at the Danube River) aims to compare different monitoring and modeling techniques used to determine sediment transport, and to develop mutual solutions. Further, the laboratory equipment currently used for hydraulic model experiments is evaluated and a research channel with a free flowing discharge of up to 10 m³/s without pumping will be constructed, allowing large-scale joint laboratory tests concerning sediment to be performed.     

新疆石榴花中红色素理化性质的研究

对新疆石榴花中红色素的提取及对其物理化学性质进行了研究。     

Die Wasserkraftschnecke – Praxis, Prüfstand und Potenzial

Since 2001 Archimedean screws have been used for commercial power generation. However, due to a lack of distribution, this comparatively new, ultra-low-head technology is essentially still a niche product. This work examines their potential, combining an operator survey, field measurements as well as laboratory tests. In extensive lab experiments, efficiencies were measured and compared for seven different screw types at varying speed-to-flow-rate combinations and inclination angles. Here, both excellent efficiencies and the impact of different parameters were observed and significant potential for improvement on the state of the art was found. This article summarizes the area of application, practical experience to date, and the latest developments concerning this highly efficient, low-maintenance, and ecologically promising low-head technology. In doing so, it also provides a well-founded basis for decision-making involving turbine selection at small hydropower sites.     

黄河中游府谷至吴堡未控区降雨径流关系初探

通过三种方法分析了2012年7月下旬发生在黄河中游府谷—吴堡区间两次洪水的来源与组成,并与多场历史相似洪水对比,结果表明:该区间未控区为典型超渗产流区,其洪峰流量、径流总量与降雨量、降雨强度有密切关系;未控区是吴堡站洪水的主要来源区之一,对洪水预报精度和预见期有较大影响。初步建立了该未控区降雨径流关系。     

Design and fabrication of waveguide-based chip-to-chip optical interconnection network on printed circuit boards

A waveguide-based chip-to-chip optical interconnection network on printed circuit board (PCB) was designed and fabricated, and experiments confirmed that the data rate in each channel could reach above 3.125 Gbit/s and the bit error rate (BER) could be up to 1.27×10-18, which would be a good solution to solve the communication bottlenecks between high-speed very large scale integration chips. Besides, the whole design and fabrication of optical interconnection network on printed circuit board has the advantages of high reliable, low cost and ease of manufacture.     

浅谈独家议标施工项目的合同谈判

在大型水电站建设过程中,业主常面临一些独家议标施工项目的合同谈判工作。针对该类项目合同谈判的特点,结合实践中遇到问题和切身体会,从合同谈判的准备工作、谈判重点和需注意的问题等方面加以讨论。     

3-甲硫代丙醛在储存过程中的香气变化的研究

对食用香精中广泛使用的香料3-甲硫代丙醛在经过不同存放期后的香气变化进行了研究.发现该香料在储存过程中会慢慢生成多聚物,从而影响其香气表现.通过气相色谱质谱方法对生成的多聚物进行了定性定量测定,同时对不同时期的产品进行了香气评估.     

山羊绒/纳米绒/品德尔/纳卡半精纺针织纱的开发

通过对品德尔、纳卡、纳米绒及山羊绒4种纤维的性能分析,结合4种纤维的性能特点,开发出了纱线线密度24.0 tex×2山羊绒/纳米绒/品德尔/纳卡(30/30120/20)的半精纺针织纱,改善了4种纤维的可纺性,并使其各自的优点得到进一步提高.采用毛纺与棉纺相结合的半精纺技术,优选纺纱设备,对纱线规格及工艺流程进行了设计;对在纺纱过程中的预处理、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱、络并捻等工序的工艺参数进行了设置;简单介绍了各工序的技术措施.