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101.
R. James Maguire Richard J. Tkacz David L. Sartor 《Journal of Great Lakes research》1985,11(3):320-327
Water and sediment samples from 29 locations in the Detroit and St. Clair rivers were analyzed for the highly toxic tri-n-butyltin (Bu3Sn+) species and for the less toxic di-n-butyltin (Bu2Sn2+) and n-butyltin (BuSn3+) species and inorganic tin. In general, locations sampled in the St. Clair River were less contaminated with butyltin species than those in the Detroit River. Inorganic tin and BuSn3+ were detected in over 90% of all subsurface water samples, while Bu2Sn2+ and Bu3Sn+ were detected in 45 and 28% of the same samples, respectively. The highest concentration ofBu3Sn+ in subsurface water, 5.9 × 10?10 mol Sn/L, was at the mouth of the Ecorse River, a tributary of the Detroit River. The three butyltin species and inorganic tin were also detected in 23–46% of all sediment samples. The highest concentrations of Bu3Sn+ in sediment were found close to the mouths of the River Rouge, another tributary of the Detroit River, and the Ecorse River, and were 6.2 × I0–7 and 1.7 × I0–7 mol Sn/kg dry weight, respectively, for the top 2 cm of sediment. 相似文献
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Summary The synthesis and thermal degradability of poly (DL-lactide) were investigated. Key factors affecting the polymer molecular weight were found to be monomer recrystallization, initiator concentration and the vacuum level during drying/sealing of the polymerization reaction ampoule. It was found that poly (DL-lactide) is thermally unstable above its melting temperature. Monomer recrystallization, polymer precipitation and a low initiator content of the polymer significantly inhibited the rate and extent of thermal degradation. 相似文献
106.
Three ketoacids; glyoxylic acid, pyruvic acid and ketomalonic acid, were identified in ozonated drinking waters and fulvic acid solutions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was found that the concentrations of ketoacids were much higher than those of aldehydes in ozonated waters. The significance of ketoacids in finished drinking waters is discussed. 相似文献
107.
Robert Comrie Stanley Affrossman David Hayward Richard A. Pethrick 《The Journal of Adhesion》2002,78(11):967-985
Broadband dielectric measurements (10 -2 to 3 GHz) are reported on the effects of exposure of thick film adhesive-bonded structures to moisture. Measurement of the dielectric properties over a broad frequency range allows identification of water both in voids and as a molecular dispersion in the matrix. Changes in the low frequency region of the dielectric spectrum can be attributed to a combination of processes associated with plasticisation of the adhesive, interfacial polarisation effects, and hydration of the surface oxide layer. The data obtained are complemented by mechanical testing and failure analysis of the bond structure measured as a function of the time of exposure. This study indicates that for thick film adhesives the ageing characteristics are apparently independent of the surface treatment. In one of the joints studied an additional feature is identified which appears to correlate with the premature aging of the joint structure. 相似文献
108.
Carl A. Soderstrom Patricia C. Dischinger Gordon S. Smith J.Richard Hebel David R. McDuff David A. Gorelick Timothy J. Kerns Shiu M. Ho Kathleen M. Read 《Accident; analysis and prevention》1997,29(6):715-721
A structured in-depth interview employing standardized criteria was used to determine the prevalence of lifetime and current alcohol dependence (alcoholism) in unselected consecutive patients admitted to a regional Level I trauma center. Of 629 patients, 157 (25.0%) were current alcoholics at the time of injury. An additional 87 (13.8%) were diagnosed as lifetime non-current alcoholics. There was no significant difference in the rates of current alcohol dependence among patients injured in vehicular crashes (23.5%), other unintentional trauma victims (29.3%), and those injured as a result of violence (24.6%). Of BAC + (blood alcohol concentration positive) patients, 54.5% were current alcoholics. However, 14.4% of alcohol-negative patients were also diagnosed as alcohol dependent. 相似文献
109.
P Pirazzoli E Cacciari R De Iasio MC Pittalis P Dallacasa S Zucchini S Gualandi S Salardi C David S Boschi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,77(2):F100-F104
AIMS: To evaluate the developmental pattern of fetal growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), GH binding protein (GHBP) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGF-3); to determine the implications for fetal growth. METHODS: Serum GH, IGF-I, GHBP and IGFBP-3 were measured in 53 fetuses, 41 aged 20-26 weeks (group A) and 12 aged 31-38 weeks (group B). Fetal blood samples were obtained by direct puncture of the umbilical vein in utero. Fetal blood samples were taken to rule out beta thalassaemia, chromosome alterations, mother to fetus transmissible infections, and for maternal rhesus factor. GHBP was determined by gel filtration chromatography of serum incubated overnight with 125I-GH. GH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Fetal serum GH concentrations in group A (median 29 micrograms/l, range 11-92) were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those of group B (median 16.7 micrograms/l, range 4.5-29). IGF-I in group A (median 20 micrograms/l, range 4.1-53.3) was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than in group B (median 75.2 micrograms/l, range 27.8-122.3). Similarly, IGFBP-3 concentrations in group A (median 950 micrograms/l, range 580-1260) were significantly lower than those of group B (median 1920 micrograms/l, range 1070-1770). There was no significant difference between GHBP values in group A (median 8.6%, range 6.6-12.6) and group B (median 8.3%, range 6-14.3). Gestational age correlated positively with IGF-I concentrations (P < 0.0001) and IGFBP-3 (P < 0.0001) and negatively with GH (P < 0.0001). GHBP values did not correlate with gestational age. Multiple regression analysis showed a negative correlation between GH:IGF-I ratio and fetal growth indices CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous evaluation of fetal GH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and GHBP suggests that the GH-IGF-I axis might already be functional in utero. The progressive improvement in the efficiency of this axis in the last part of gestation does not seem to be due to an increase in GH receptors. 相似文献
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