Brotherly love II: A developmental perspective on liking, love, and closeness in the fraternal dyad.

This research examined the nature of closeness, liking, and love among 59 dyads of full biological, nontwin adult brothers and the correlations of these variables with age. Five dimensions of relational development were measured and used in stepwise regressions to determine what predicted closeness, liking, and love in these fraternal dyads. It was expected that love would be predicted by expressive relational qualities, such as self-disclosure, whereas closeness and liking would be predicted by more instrumental qualities, such as commitment or interdependence. These predictions were generally supported. Moreover, liking and love were shown to remain relatively constant over time, whereas closeness decreased as brothers grew older. Comparisons with other male–male relationships were also made, and implications for the research and therapeutic setting are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

What can we learn from the morphology of Hebrew? A masked-priming investigation of morphological representation.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 23(5) of Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition (see record 2008-09898-001). On page 854, two Hebrew words are missing from Appendix F. The corrected Appendix appears with the erratum.] All Hebrew words are composed of 2 interwoven morphemes: a triconsonantal root and a phonological word pattern. The lexical representations of these morphemic units were examined using masked priming. When primes and targets shared an identical word pattern, neither lexical decision nor naming of targets was facilitated. In contrast, root primes facilitated both lexical decisions and naming of target words that were derived from these roots. This priming effect proved to be independent of meaning similarity because no priming effects were found when primes and targets were semantically but not morphologically related. These results suggest that Hebrew roots are lexical units whereas word patterns are not. A working model of lexical organization in Hebrew is offered on the basis of these results. (A correction concerning this article appears in Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1997, Vol 23(5), 1189–1191. On page 854 of the current issue, two Hebrew words are missing from Appendix F. The corrected Appendix appears in this correction.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Recent advances in our understanding of the biochemical interactions between platelet-activating factor and arachidonic acid

In the last few years, it has become increasingly apparent that the biochemistry of PAF (platelet-activating factor) and that of arachidonic acid are interrelated in a number of inflammatory cells. Experiments presented here further point out that arachidonic acid plays a crucial role in the catabolism and biosynthesis of PAF. In addition, they suggest that the same phospholipid molecular species may serve as a source for both arachidonic acid and 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine during cell activation. Finally, they reveal that there may be common regulatory mechanisms for the biosynthesis of PAF and arachidonic acid metabolites. Taken together, studies examining the relationship between PAF and arachidonic acid suggest it may be difficult to consider the biochemistry of PAF without considering arachidonic acid metabolism and vice versa. Based on a paper presented at the Third International Conference on Platelet-Activating Factor and Structurally Related Alkyl Ether Lipids, Tokyo, Japan, May 1989. This is Publication No. 014 from the Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, 301 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224.     

An outbreak of Shigella sonnei infection associated with consumption of iceberg lettuce

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the relative strength of the associations of a set of structural (social, economic, and political) variables and a set of health services variables with state-level infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality. It also examined whether health services mediate the relationships between structural variables and state-level infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality. METHODS: With the state as the unit of analysis, data for all 50 states were analyzed by means of multiple regression. RESULTS: Structural variables accounted for substantially more variance in infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality than health services variables, and health services variables were more strongly related to infant mortality than to neonatal or postneonatal mortality. When health services variables were controlled, the strengths of the associations between the structural variables and infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality were reduced but remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of the variance in state-level infant mortality is accounted for by states' structural characteristics, which are partially mediated by health services.     

Polymerization of olefines through heterogeneous catalysis IV. Modeling of heat and mass transfer resistance in the polymer particle boundary layer

Propylene and ethylene polymerization in liquid and gas media are described by a multigrain particle model. External boundary layer heat and mass transfer effects are investigated for various catalysts and operating conditions. For high-activity catalysts used in slurry, external film mass transfer effects may be significant. For gas-phase polymerization of propylene or ethylene, the model predicts significant particle overheating at short times, which may explain the particle sticking and agglomeration problems sometimes observed in industrial reactors.     

Design and analysis of a bandwidth management framework forATM-based broadband ISDN

When designing and configuring an ATM-based B-ISDN, it remains difficult to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) for different service classes, while still allowing enough statistical sharing of bandwidth so that the network is efficiently utilized. These two goals are often conflicting. Guaranteeing QoS requires traffic isolation, as well as allocation of enough network resources (e.g., buffer space and bandwidth) to each call. However, statistical bandwidth sharing means the network resources should be occupied on demand, leading to less traffic isolation and minimal resource allocation. The authors address this problem by proposing and evaluating a network-wide bandwidth management framework in which an appropriate compromise between the two conflicting goals is achieved. Specifically, the bandwidth management framework consists of a network model and a network-wide bandwidth allocation and sharing strategy. Implementation issues related to the framework are discussed. For real-time applications the authors obtain maximum queuing delay and queue length, which are important in buffer design and VP (virtual path) routing     

Dielectrophoretic self-assembly of polarized light emitting poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) nanofibre arrays

Conjugated polymer based 1D nanostructures are attractive building blocks for future opto-electronic nanoscale devices and systems. However, a critical challenge remains the lack of manipulation methods that enable controlled and reliable positioning and orientation of organic nanostructures in a fast, reliable and scalable manner. To address this challenge, we explore dielectrophoretic assembly of discrete poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) nanofibres and demonstrate site selective assembly and orientation of these fibres. Nanofibre arrays were assembled preferentially at receptor electrode edges, being aligned parallel to the applied electric field with a high order parameter fit (～ 0.9) and exhibiting an emission dichroic ratio of ～ 4.0. As such, the dielectrophoretic method represents a fast, reliable and scalable self-assembly approach for manipulation of 1D organic nanostructures. The ability to fabricate nanofibre arrays in this manner could be potentially important for exploration and development of future nanoscale opto-electronic devices and systems.