When did a reduced speed limit show an effect? Exploratory identification of an intervention time

In a statistical analysis of accident data before and after a speed limit reduction, the time of the countermeasure is, of course, well known. Our understanding of the accident process may, however, be increased if we assume in a thought experiment that this time is unknown. We ask if the data themselves can tell us something about such a possible time. By means of time series of traffic accidents in Zurich before and after a speed limit reduction, different exploratory methods are presented to identify the "unknown" time of this measure. For most of the investigated series, the most likely time was found to lie in the three months before the true introduction. A possible explanation of this result may be that the media already informed the public before the countermeasure was actually introduced. This finding leads to an improved parsimonious intervention model which distinguishes between a possible "preintervention effect" and the usual "intervention effect."     

Robust pole assignment for incomplete nonlinear decoupling applied to robots

A robustness analysis and synthesis for incomplete nonlinear decoupling for a class of nonlinear systems is discussed. Rigid and elastic-joint robot models belong to this class. For the elastic case, a transformation facilitates the robustness analysis under a weak assumption. Charts with H ₁- and H - norms of closed-loop disturbance transfer functions of the nonlinear-decoupled system are presented for a robust pole assignment.     

HihO: accelerating artificial intelligence interpretability for medical imaging in IoT applications using hierarchical occlusion

Neural Computing and Applications - In the medical imaging domain, nonlinear warping has enabled pixel-by-pixel mapping of one image dataset to a reference dataset. This co-registration of data...     

Evolutionary mechanism of conflict resolution

Conclusions Despite the accumulated evidence, many of the investigators as of quite recently have failed to understand that behavioral strategy or decision rules can be inherited and evolve and that they are subject to certain constraints that cannot be surmounted other than by natural selection. For example, in [9, p. 422] we read: The evolutionary pressure cannot act upon the relative contents of social interactions favoring certain individuals over others. The present study shows that the following scheme of conflict, which favors those individuals that conform to it with a better accuracy, can be evolutionary stable. On the basis of the information they receive, the partners estimate the role situation and the equilibrium pair of elementary strategies and use their strategies. If the role situations of the partners are coordinated, the partners cooperate in reducing the conflict and define its result according to AIS. If AIS are not coordinated, they cooperate in reducing the conflict if its expected loss for each is greater than the expected payoff; they escalate the against those that have a lesser set of elementary strategies but also against those that have a less accurate mechanism of AIS recognition. A poor accuracy of recognition mechanism would replace a strictly equilibrium ESS with a mixed strategy.From the point of view of behavioral control, the multilevel conflict model shows that generally for controlling the choices at a certain level actions of an equally high level are necessary. It is impossible, for example, to accomplish certain economic choices by using only informational actions.Translated from Kibernetika, No. 1, pp. 90–98, January–February, 1988.     

The dynamics of aging and rehabilitation following coronary bypass operation]

The dynamics of aging encompass the topics "aging of society" and "coping with chronic illness". Both are discussed using data from a qualitative study on return to work after coronary artery bypass surgery. Data from the retrospective substudy reveal four forms of aging as biographical development toward early retirement, old-age retirement, or related stages. It emerges that the manner of aging is less influenced by medical rehabilitation or medical history, and more by the patient's occupation and socio-economic status. Case reports are used to show that social class is a facilitation context, but not a determining force, regarding the choice between postoperative retirement or return to work. The final section briefly discusses whether the findings concerning the dynamics of aging of the cohort operated on in the late 1970s apply also to that of the cohort operated on in the late 1980s; this is addressed using some data from the prospective sub-study.     

Some techniques for solving linear equation systems with guarantee

Methods are described for solving a system of linear equations with error bounds. Rectangular and spherical intervals ofR ⁿ are used combined. The objective is to get guaranteed accuracy with a minimal effort of computing time.     

Effect of Phase-Selective Nanoscale Precipitates on the Bauschinger Effect in Austenitic–Ferritic Duplex Stainless Steels

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The Bauschinger effect in austenitic–ferritic duplex stainless steel 1.4462 was investigated using tension–compression tests combined with...