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61.
G Schimpl P Pesendorfer G Steinwender G Feierl M Ratschek ME H?llwarth 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,40(3):422-428
The Chinese population in Hong Kong has a low incidence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib) disease, as well as carriage of the microorganism. Likely stimuli for the natural antibodies to Hib, which might protect against Hib infection, are cross-reactive antigens of bacteria like Escherichia coli K 100. Our aim was to determine the isotype and idiotype distribution and cross-reactivity of natural antibodies against Hib capsular polysaccharide (CP) in healthy Hong Kong Chinese. Titration of 20 sera by ELISA showed IgG antibodies reacting with Hib CP in all individuals. The antibodies were mainly IgG2, and their avidity index ranged widely. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) combined with immunoblotting showed patterns of IgG2 antibody clones against the CP of Hib and E. coli K 100 which were similar in 10 cases. Absorption with Hib CP only eliminated some bands in two sera. Absorption with K 100 CP did not remove any anti-Hib CP bands. In three sera additional clones of antibodies reacting to K 100 CP only, disappeared after absorption with this CP. Spectrotypic analyses of IgG antibodies reacting with anti-Hib idiotype 1 (Id-1) revealed stronger IEF patterns with bands in differing locations compared with anti-Hib CP antibodies. The strong reactivity of serum IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies with monoclonal anti-Hib Id-1 was confirmed by ELISA. This reactivity was not abolished after absorption of the sera with either Hib CP, or K 100 CP. The data indicate a high prevalence of Id-1 among Hong Kong Chinese. However, only one individual had Id-1 antibodies specific for Hib CP, judging from absorption experiments. Others had much lower activity of Id-1 anti-Hib CP antibodies compared with the total IgG Id-1, suggesting that Hong Kong subjects have Id-1-positive antibodies in their serum which are not specific for Hib CP. This is consistent with the nature of Id-1, which is a marker of A2VL region usage rather than a marker of a Hib CP paratope. We suggest that natural antibodies reacting with Hib CP in healthy Hong Kong Chinese are the product of exposure to some cross-reactive antigen(s), different from both Hib and E. coli K 100 CP. 相似文献
62.
Mateusz Bednorz Gebhard J. Matt Eric D. Głowacki Thomas Fromherz Christoph J. Brabec Markus C. Scharber Helmut Sitter N. Serdar Sariciftci 《Organic Electronics》2013,14(5):1344-1350
The authors report on the fabrication of a silicon/organic heterojunction based IR photodetector. It is demonstrated that an Al/p-Si/perylene-derivative/Al heterostructure exhibits a photovoltaic effect up to 2.7 μm (0.46 eV), a value significantly lower than the bandgap of either material. Although the devices are not optimized, at room temperature a rise time of 300 ns, a responsivity of ≈0.2 mA/W with a specific detectivity of D1 ≈ 7 × 107 Jones at 1.55 μm is found. The achieved responsivity is two orders of magnitude higher compared to our previous efforts [1], [2]. It will be outlined that the photocurrent originates from an absorption mechanism involving excitation of an electron from the Si valence band into the extended LUMO state in the perylene-derivative, with possible participation of intermediate localized surface state in the organic material.The non-invasive deposition of the organic interlayer onto the Si results in compatibility with the CMOS process, making the presented approach a potential alternative to all inorganic device concepts. 相似文献
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64.
F Gebhard M R?sch M Helm W Strecker K Buttensch?n L Kinzl KH Bock UB Brückner 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,132(10):1116-1120
BACKGROUND: The molecule CD14 acts as a receptor for the protein-bound endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) complex and mediates the cellular effects of LPS. The soluble formation, sCD14, is supposed to neutralize circulating LPS (i.e., LPS antagonist) or transfer LPS effects to endothelial cells (i.e., LPS agonist). OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the release of sCD14 per se in patients with major trauma in the early posttrauma period. Our a priori hypothesis was that sCD14 release depends on the plasma LPS concentration simultaneously measured. PATIENTS: In a prospective study, 65 patients with multiple injuries (Injury Severity Score, 9-75) were enrolled. The patients were rescued by the medical helicopter service and directly admitted to our clinics. The plasma concentrations of sCD14 (enzyme immunoassay) and LPS (chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate test) were analyzed. The first blood sample was collected immediately at the accident site. The following samples were drawn at intervals from 2 hours to daily for 2 weeks. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients survived the observation time. Immediately after trauma, their mean sCD14 level was not different from that of healthy individuals. Two hours later, a pronounced increase of sCD14 was observed and sustained throughout the observation period. Even nonsurvivors showed an increased sCD14 release, but less pronounced. In all patients, plasma LPS levels were elevated during the first 12 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Major trauma caused an increased release of sCD14. This elevation, however, was not correlated to LPS levels or to the severity of trauma (estimated by trauma scores). We found no evidence that sCD14 levels are of prognostic value regarding survival. Furthermore, the release of sCD14 did not occur in an LPS-neutralizing manner, but rendered possible an LPS-independent mechanism. 相似文献
65.
Vaitl Dieter; Birbaumer Niels; Gruzelier John; Jamieson Graham A.; Kotchoubey Boris; Kübler Andrea; Lehmann Dietrich; Miltner Wolfgang H. R.; Ott Ulrich; Pütz Peter; Sammer Gebhard; Strauch Inge; Strehl Ute; Wackermann Jiri; Weiss Thomas 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,131(1):98
The article reviews the current knowledge regarding altered states of consciousness (ASC) (a) occurring spontaneously, (b) evoked by physical and physiological stimulation, (c) induced by psychological means, and (d) caused by diseases. The emphasis is laid on psychological and neurobiological approaches. The phenomenological analysis of the multiple ASC resulted in 4 dimensions by which they can be characterized: activation, awareness span, self-awareness, and sensory dynamics. The neurophysiological approach revealed that the different states of consciousness are mainly brought about by a compromised brain structure, transient changes in brain dynamics (disconnectivity), and neurochemical and metabolic processes. Besides these severe alterations, environmental stimuli, mental practices, and techniques of self-control can also temporarily alter brain functioning and conscious experience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
66.
R. Singh R. P. S. Thakur A. J. Nelson S. C. Gebhard A. B. Swartzlander 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1990,19(10):1061-1064
As a low thermal budget processing technique, we have used in-situ rapid isothermal processing for growing epitaxial CaF2 films on Si (111) substrates by solid phase epitaxy. Ex-situ rapid isothermal annealed films are polycrystalline in nature.
Absorption of gases during ex-situ annealing inhibits solid phase epitaxial growth and highlights the importance of in-situ
processing. 相似文献
67.
68.
Finite element computations for tensile tests on cold rolled perforated sheet metals are compared to experimental tests with simultaneous visioplasticity measurements to determine requirements for the use of detailed FEM models. First, force–displacement curves and in the secondly the local strains have been compared. The obtained results show that the perforation geometry does not need to be depicted exactly in the FEM-model, an approximation with simple geometries like cylinders deliver reasonable results. Furthermore, the computed tensile test on perforated sheet metals with 2D-FEM models is more acceptable than wide-meshed 3D-models. 相似文献
69.
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