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71.
The electric field induced microdomain orientations has been an interesting research topic. In this article, the effect of nanoparticle surface functionality on microdomain alignments in block copolymer/nanoparticle hybrid thin films was investigated with transmission electron microscopy experiments. The presence of gold nanoparticles influenced the microdomain orientation behaviors of block copolymer/nanoparticle thin films. The possibility for complete alignment normal to the substrate was illustrated by controlling electric field strength, concentration, and surface ligands of nanoparticles. This work provides basic and essential data to understand the properties and behaviors of emerging block copolymer/nanoparticle hybrid thin films. 相似文献
72.
Novel conductor-backed uniplanar structures, including the nonleaky CPW and slotline, are analyzed and applied to the active antenna design. Both the spectral domain analysis and finite-difference time-domain techniques are used to simulate these circuits and to justify the numerical results. The measured gain of the novel active antenna is 1.7 dB higher than the conventional CPW antenna due to the unidirectional radiation of conductor-backed circuits. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
73.
Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) show different effects on the development of insulin resistance.
In this study, we compared the effect of dietary SFA and MUFA on the insulin signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle of a
type 2 diabetic animal model. Twenty-nine-week-old male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats were randomly divided
into three groups and fed one of the following diets for 3 weeks; a normal chow diet, an SFA (lard oil) enriched or a MUFA
(olive oil) enriched high-fat diet. The vastus lateralis muscle was used for analyses. Insulin tolerance test showed improved
insulin sensitivity in rats fed the MUFA diet, as compared to those fed the SFA diet (p < 0.001). The SFA diet reduced IRS-1 expression and phosphorylated PI3K levels in skeletal muscle, as compared with a chow
diet (p < 0.001, respectively). On the contrary, muscle IRS-2 expression and phosphorylated ERK1/2 was significantly increased in
rats fed the SFA diet (p < 0.001, respectively). Membrane translocation of glucose transporter type 4 decreased in the skeletal muscle of rats fed
the SFA diet, as compared to those fed a chow diet (p < 0.001). These changes in insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle were not observed in rats fed the MUFA diet. In conclusion,
the beneficial effect of dietary MUFA on insulin sensitivity is associated with a conserved IRS-1/PI3K insulin signaling pathway
which was altered by dietary SFA. 相似文献
74.
The effects of particle size of starting materials and amount of a BaTiO3 additive on the shrinkage behavior and elemental diffusion in Ni-based internal electrodes have been investigated in order to control the shrinkage of the internal electrode in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). Two kinds of Ni and BaTiO3 powders were used with different particle sizes. Volume shrinkage over the range of 700–1300 °C at 150 °C intervals and linear shrinkage during sintering were measured for starting materials and composites in a reducing atmosphere. The interfaces of Ni/BaTiO3 composites with 90:10 and 70:30 volume ratios, respectively, were investigated using TEM. Composites with bimodal Ni powder show less shrinkage than those with monomodal Ni powder, showing less shrinkage in monolith Ni of bimodal particle size. The shrinkage behavior is changed during sintering with increasing amounts of BaTiO3 additives in both Ni-based composites. The particle size of the BaTiO3 additive affects the shrinkage behavior of composites, without the additional amount affecting the final shrinkage. A reaction layer of about 300 nm wide is observed at the interface between the Ni and BaTiO3 powders in composites, in which elemental Ni diffuses into the BaTiO3 without counterdiffusion. 相似文献
75.
Kyoung-Im Cho Sang-Ho Koo Tae-Joon Cha Jung-Ho Heo Hyun-Su Kim Gee-Bum Jo Jae-Woo Lee 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(8):14803-14818
Increased atrial oxidative stress has an important role in inducing and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF), and the activation of the small GTPase Rac1 contributes to the oxidative stress. We investigated the relationship of Rac1, atrial endothelial thromboprotective markers and AF inducibility and if simvastatin has a potential beneficial effect on a myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) rat model. Rats were randomized into three groups (shams, MI group and simvastatin treatment group) and underwent echocardiography, AF induction studies and left atrial (LA) fibrosis analysis. Atrial Rac 1, sodium calcium exchanger (INCX), sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured. AF inducibility, AF duration and LA fibrosis were significantly higher in the MI group (p < 0.001 vs. sham), which were significantly reduced by simvastatin (p < 0.05 vs. MI). The reduced expressions of atrial eNOS, SERCA, thrombomodulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator in the MI group were significantly improved by simvastatin. Furthermore, the increased expression of atrial iNOS, INCX and Rac1 activity were significantly decreased by the simvastatin. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and thrombogenicity are associated with the promotion of AF in a rat model of ischemic HF. These were associated with increased Rac1 activity, and simvastatin treatment prevents these changes. 相似文献
76.
Hyun?Tae?Jang Sang?Bum?KimEmail author Wang?Seog?Cha Sung?Chang?Hong Dong?Sup?Doh 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2003,20(1):138-144
The combustion characteristics of a mixture of anthracite and bituminous coal were studied in a 0.155 m i.d. fluidized bed
combustor (FBC). The properties of the pressure fluctuation for the bed such as the standard deviation, cross-correlation
function, dominant frequency and the power spectral density function were obtained through statistical analysis. To interpret
the combustion characteristics in the FBC with uniform or multi-sized particles of anthracitebituminous coal mixture, the
properties of pressure fluctuation were determined as a function of the particle size distribution and anthracite mixing fraction.
In the present work, it is known that the combustion region could be obtained from the analysis of pressure fluctuation properties,
and the mixed-firing of anthracite-bituminous coal is related to the reaction models of both coals and particle size distribution.
Moreover, the relation between coal size distribution and static mean pressure, and the ignition region could be obtained
from the mean pressure profile. 相似文献
77.
Hye-Eun Jeong Su-Jun Lee Eun-Young Cha Eun-Young Kim Ho-Sook Kim Young Hwan Song Jae-Gook Shin 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(5):7699-7710
There has been a wide range of inter-individual variations in platelet responses to clopidogrel. The variations in response to clopidogrel can be driven by genetic polymorphisms involved in the pathway of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and the target receptor P2Y12. A set of genetic variants known for causing variations in clopidogrel responses was selected, which included CYP2C19*2, *3, *17, CYP2B6*4, *6, *9, CYP3A4*18, CYP3A5*3, MDR1 2677G > T/A, 3435C > T, and P2Y12 H2 (742T > C). The simultaneous detection of these 10 variants was developed by using a multiplex PCR and single-base extension (MSSE) methodology. The newly developed genotyping test was confirmed by direct DNA sequencing in the representative positive control samples and validated in an extended set of 100 healthy Korean subjects. Genotyping results from the developed MSSE exhibited a perfect concordance with the direct DNA sequencing data and all of variants tested in 100 healthy Korean subjects were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). The present molecular diagnostic studies provide an accurate, convenient, and fast genotyping method for the detection of multiple variants. This would be helpful for researchers, as well as clinicians, to use genetic information toward more personalized medicine of clopidogrel and other antiplatelet drugs in the future. 相似文献
78.
气凝胶因具有低导热系数、高孔隙率、轻质等优异特性而备受关注,同时还具有高疏水性及良好的吸声和减震功能.实验以气凝胶为填充材料,玻璃纤维丝为增强体,制备了一种新型超轻质纤维/气凝胶泡沫混凝土.结果 表明:玻璃纤维的掺入促进了泡沫混凝土的成型,在超轻泡沫混凝土制备过程中起到至关重要的作用.当纤维含量为0.9%时,导热系数为0.058 W/(m·K),其密度为205 kg/m3,远低于普通泡沫混凝土的导热系数(0.08~0.25 W/(m· K))与密度(300~1600 kg/m3).抗压强度为0.32 MPa,符合泡沫混凝土标准JG/T 266-2011中A03级抗压强度的要求. 相似文献
79.
In this study an attempt was made to improve the rebound resilience and to decrease the density of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam. For this purpose, EVA was blended with natural rubber (NR), and EVA/NR blends were foamed at 155°C, 160°C, and 165°C. To investigate the correlation between crosslinking behavior and physical properties of foams, crosslinking behavior of EVA/NR blends was monitored. The physical properties of the foams were then measured as a function of foaming temperatures and blend compositions: 165°C was found to be the optimal temperature for a crosslinking of EVA/NR foam. As a result, the density of EVA/NR blend foamed at 165°C was found to be the lowest. EVA/NR (90/10) blend, foamed at 165°C, showed lower density, better rebound resilience, and greater tear strength than EVA foam. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2212–2216, 2004 相似文献
80.
Young Cheol Ryu Tae Gun Kim Guem-Seok Seo Jin Hwan Park Cha Soo Suh Seong-Soo Park Seong-Soo Hong Gun Dae Lee 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(2):213-218
The TiO2/substrate pearlescent pigments were prepared by the hydrolysis of TiOCl2 on the substrate followed by a calcinations process. The natural mica (muscovite), synthetic mica (fluorophlogopite) and -alumina flake were selected as the substrates for pearlescent pigments. The effect of substrate on the anatase to rutile (A–R) phase transformation of TiO2 was studied. The A–R phase transformation of TiO2 during the preparation of pearlescent pigments and their proportion in the TiO2 layer have been analyzed by XRD measurements. The phase compositions of TiO2 layer in each pearlescent pigment are quite different depending on the substrates. The TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina has higher rutile fraction than those on the natural and synthetic mica. The XPS analysis showed that the cations originally present in the substrates diffused into the TiO2 layer. The TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina contains Al, while those on the natural and synthetic mica substrates contain Si and K in addition to Al. The metal cations diffusing from the substrate into TiO2 layer might retard the A–R phase transformation of TiO2. The suppressing effect on the A–R transformation of TiO2 by mixed cations seems to be much stronger than that of single cation, resulting in relatively higher rutile fraction in the case of TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina. 相似文献