Preparation and properties of PET/PA6 copolymer/montmorillonite hybrid nanocomposite

From in situ polycondensation, a poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Polyamide 6 copolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposite was prepared, after the treatment of montmorillonite (MMT) with a water soluble polymer. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of DSC, ¹H NMR, and DMA proved that the nanocomposite synthesized was PET/PA6 copolymer/MMT nanocomposite, not the PET/PA6 blend/MMT nanocomposite. The results of XRD and TEM proved that the dispersion of MMT was improved observably after the introduction of PA6 molecular chain into PET. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2512–2517, 2006     

Novel method for preparation of quaternary ammonium ionomer from epoxidized styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer and its use as compatibilizer for blending of styrene–butadiene–styrene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene

A novel method for the preparation of a quaternary ammonium ionomer of styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) was developed by a ring‐opening reaction of epoxidized SBS with triethylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. The optimum conditions were studied. The ionomer was characterized by quantitative analysis, IR spectroscopy, and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. Its water absorbency, oil absorbency, dilute solution viscosity, and use as a compatibilizer for the blending of SBS and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) were investigated. The results showed that, under optimum conditions, the epoxy groups can be completely converted to the quaternary ammonium groups. The IR spectrum did not exhibit the absorption peak for quaternary ammonium groups, whereas the ¹H‐NMR spectrum and titration method demonstrated it. With increasing ionic group content, the water absorbency of the ionomer increased whereas its oil absorbency decreased. These indicated the amphiphilic character of the SBS ionomer. The dilute solution viscosity of the ionomer in toluene/methanol (9/1) solvent increased with increasing quaternary ammonium group content. The ionomer was used as a compatibilizer for the blends of SBS and CSPE. The addition of a small amount of the ionomer to the blend enhanced the mechanical properties of the blends: 2 wt % ionomer based on the blend increased the tensile strength and ultimate elongation of the blend nearly 2 times. The blends of equal parts SBS and CSPE behaved as oil‐resistant thermoplastic elastomers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1975–1980, 2006     

Direct synthesis of electrorheological suspension containing salt of poly(methacrylic acid) and its electrorheological effect

Colloidal suspensions containing salts of poly(methacrylic acid) which exhibit high electrorheological (ER) activity were synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization. Factors influencing the ER effect were studied. The results showed that maximum yield stress occurred at optimum amounts of both polymeric stabilizer and crosslinking agent used in the inverse emulsion polymerization as well as a certain water content of the particles, while yield stress increased with electric field strength, average diameter of the particles below 0.9 μm, or the molar ratio of the salt to the acid. The ER activity for the suspensions containing different monovalent counter ions decreased in the following order: Li⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺ > NH₄⁺. The phenomena were discussed with the ionic polarization mechanism. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于高精度流线生成的交互流场可视化

高效准确的流线绘制一直是流场可视化的重要研究内容,流线可以对流场的重要特征进行有效的稀疏表示,但流线需要长期的粒子追踪过程及大量的积分计算,在面向大规模流场可视化时时间效率较低,需要高性能计算设备进行辅助计算.本文通过设计一种基于深度学习的高精度流线生成算法,将初始的低精度流线快速映射为稠密的高精度流线,可以在较短的时间内快速生成可靠的流线可视化结果,并在此基础上设计了交互式实时流场可视化系统,涵盖了流场的特征检测,属性关联分析,信息论分析等,帮助用户快速了解流场数据,找到自己感兴趣的区域进行后续进一步深度分析,避免了获取过多冗余数据,同时优化了分析工作的效率,满足用户对于流场结构,特征属性等多维度进行关联分析的需求.     

基于多季相Sentinel-2影像的白洋淀湿地信息提取

白洋淀湿地是华北平原上重要的浅水湖泊湿地,对雄安新区绿色发展具有重要的生态价值。对白洋淀高度异质化的景观格局进行分类,能够为白洋淀湿地资源的遥感监测提供指导意义。针对湿地季节变化的特点,对白洋淀每个季节选取一期具有代表性的Sentinel-2影像,采用分类与回归树（CART）、支持向量机（SVM）、随机森林（RF）3种常用的机器学习分类器对15种季相组合实验方案进行分类,分析不同季相遥感影像及其组合对白洋淀湿地信息提取的优劣。结果表明：相较于使用单一季相影像分类,多季相影像的组合能够显著提高分类精度,春&夏季相组合能够得到最优的分类效果,相对单季影像总体分类精度提高了10.9%~25.5%,Kappa系数提高了0.09~0.29;SVM分类器的分类表现较为稳定,能够得到最高的平均分类精度,CART分类器在处理高维特征的能力不如随机森林和SVM;不同特征类型对湿地信息提取的贡献度从高到底依次是红边光谱特征、传统光谱特征、缨帽变换特征、主成分分析特征、纹理特征。实验成果能为湿地信息的遥感识别提供依据。     

基于表面反应和扩散迁移控制的灰岩单裂隙渗流—溶解模型及其数值模拟

针对碳酸盐类可溶岩地区水电站坝址流场、化学场以及固相介质属性等随时间发生改变,从而对工程安全运行造成不利影响等问题,研究了灰岩地区地下水运移过程中各物理场间的相互作用,分析了影响灰岩溶解速率的两个因素,即表面反应控制和扩散迁移控制。在此基础上,建立了单裂隙中的渗流—溶解耦合模型,并进行数值求解。模拟结果表明,在垂直裂隙延伸方向,其溶蚀锋面为非齐整平面,而是呈似“虫洞”状非均一变化,而沿裂隙延伸方向即自上游侧向下游方向溶蚀程度逐渐减轻;而通过裂隙的流量呈现随时间逐渐增大的趋势,但变幅不大;根据流量求得的等效水力隙宽,其增幅和增长速率均小于实际平均隙宽;同时,化学场中Ca2+浓度的分布与裂隙开度变化具有相似性,不同时刻下上游侧反应速率R均大于下游侧。就反应机制而言,在初期均受表面反应控制,而随反应进行,位于上游补给区部位转为受扩散迁移控制,但在下游位置仍受表面反应控制。     

Differences in electrochemical corrosion behaviours between selective laser melted and wrought Ti6Al4V alloys in acid fluoride-containing artificial saliva

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - In this work, the electrochemical corrosion behaviours of selective laser melted (SLMed) and wrought Ti6Al4V alloys in acid fluoride-containing artificial...     

模具型腔的精密加工

通过分析仿形和NC切削加工的特点，提出了构建一种系统，将两有机地结合起来，以适应模具的精密加工。接着对模具型腔表面研磨及抛光的方法进行分析比较，提出将各种方法加以组合的思路来提高加工效率。     

Lode应力参数与应力参量之间的内在联系及屈服准则的推广

从塑性力学应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数着手，深入研究了应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数与各应力参量之间的内在联系，并对塑性理论中屈服准则进行了合理推广。对塑性理论及其应用具有重要意义。     

Effect of rhenium addition on isothermal oxidation behavior of single-crystal Ni-based superalloy

The isothermal oxidation behavior of a nickel-based superalloy, which we designate as DD32, containing 4 wt.% rhenium and another alloy (DD32M) without rhenium were investigated at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C. Oxidized alloys were characterized by SEM, EDX, EPMA and XRD. The two alloys revealed similar oxidation rates at 900 °C, while the DD32 alloy showed a slightly higher mass gain than that of the DD32M alloy during 1000 and 1100 °C exposure. Surface and cross-sectional examination indicated that DD32 alloy showed nonuniform oxidation between dendritic and interdendritic areas at all temperatures. Similar different oxidation behavior between dendritic and interdendritic regions was also observed in the DD32M alloy at 900 °C. However, DD32M showed relatively uniform oxidation at 1000 and 1100 °C exposure. Therefore, Re addition clearly induced the nonuniform oxidation of the alloy.