Cadmium in agricultural soils,vegetables and rice and potential health risk in vicinity of Dabaoshan Mine in Shaoguan,China

Soil cadmium （Cd） contamination resulted from mining and smelting is a major environmental concern,and health risk associated with Cd exposure to multi-media through muti-pathway is increasing.Cd concentrations in soils,vegetables and paddy rice were investigated,and potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks exposure to Cd were estimated at six villages around the Dabaoshan Mine,South China.A total of 87 soil samples were found to exceed the China＇s maximum permission level （MPL） for Cd,while the highest value of 4.42 mg/kg was found near irrigation ditch associated with Hengshi River in Xinyi （XY） Village.Cd contents in vegetables and rice exceeded the maximum permissible concentration by more than five times in every village.Cadmium accumulation in plants is in the order of celery 〉 lactuca sativa L 〉 Chinese cabbage 〉 Romaine lettuce 〉 asparagus lettuce 〉 mustard 〉 cabbage mustard 〉 cabbage.The mean hazard quotient （HQ） of all villages is in the range of [5.29,25.75],and the mean values of cancer risk for investigated areas are more than 10 times greater than the USEPA （2009） threshold limit value of 10-4.Moreover,human non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks are mainly attributable to paddy rice intake,followed by vegetables intake,soil ingestion,inhalation,and dermal contact.The results indicate that Cd has a huge potential risk on human health for the local residents.     

不同种类牙膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抑制作用

牙龈卟啉单胞菌是引起牙周炎的重要病原菌。本研究选取市售常见13种牙膏,利用药物敏感试验方法对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抑菌性能进行测定。结果表明,中药牙膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌均有不同程度的抑制作用;氟化物牙膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌有一定的抑制效果,但作用较小;而普通牙膏对该菌无抑制作用。为了防治牙龈卟啉单胞菌引起的牙周炎,要慎重选择牙膏种类。     

钟表机芯柄轴与柄帽自动装配设备的研发

设计一台钟表机芯柄轴与柄帽自动装配设备.根据零件的结构特点,设计一种自动上料装置,实现机芯柄轴与柄帽自动快速的装配,提高装配的效率和质量.     

闭式太阳能系统应用于独立单元的研究

目前,闭式太阳能系统一般应用于整体供热的大系统中,不应用于分散独立的单元中,探讨闭式太阳能系统应用于分散独立单元有较大的实际意义。在居民建筑顶面(或是南方位立面)安装太阳能聚热器、太阳能光伏板、小水泵,在卫生间、厨房等热水应用点安装热水保温箱,通过利用太阳能光伏板电能驱动水泵,对闭式太阳能系统进行强制循环,保证室内保温箱上部充满热水满足使用需求。实践证明闭式太阳能系统应用于独立单元能与建筑有机结合在一起,获得较协调的建筑视角效果,提高太阳能热水的利用效率,有效节约水资源,取得了良好的经济效率。     

基于PIC单片机的智能充电器设计

针对现有充电器存在的问题和不足,设计了一款基于PIC单片机的智能充电器.可利用单片机功能的灵活性对电池快速充电,通过按键对充电器进行设定,具有良好的人机交互.单片机可以直接生成半桥波,降低成本,并可通过采样电压和电流直接控制占空比来改变输出电压.     

一类执行器饱和非线性Hamilton网络控制系统H_∞控制器设计

研究了一类执行器饱和非线性Hamilton网络控制系统H∞状态反馈控制器设计问题。该类网络控制系统中存在不确定的网络时延及丢包,待设计的控制器受到饱和因素的约束,且系统的外部扰动范数有界但统计特性未知。结合Hamilton系统结构特性,当网络时延和连续丢包有界时,将网络时延和连续丢包转化为时变时滞,应用Lyapunov-Krasovskii稳定性理论来分析和设计H∞控制器,使其满足H∞性能指标,控制器中的未知参数通过求解不等式来确定。算例分析与仿真验证了方法的有效性。     

基于自适应虚拟同步发电机系统的微网逆变器控制策略研究

考虑到分布式能源并网后对电网系统带来的高渗透率影响,加之传统的并网逆变器不具备旋转惯性的优势,这会增加系统的运行风险.结合风电场多端直流输电系统,提出了一种基于自适应虚拟调速器功能的自适应虚拟同步发电机控制策略.结合虚拟同步调速器模块,建立了具有惯性响应和一次调频能力的虚拟同步发电机控制策略.但考虑到分布式电源的波动性和间歇性特点,在长期运行过程中,功率供需不平衡将会导致储能设备的荷电状态超过安全运行范围.基于此,将根据荷电状态调整下垂系数的方法拓展到基于虚拟调速器VSG控制之中.通过引入自适应下垂特性的概念,使用平移下垂特性的方法对VSG控制做了进一步改进,改进后的VSG控制减少了对系统稳定性的影响,更有利于实现有功功率的合理分配与荷电状态的快速调整.通过Matlab/Simulink工具建模仿真,且仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的合理性.     

超细干粉灭变压器热油火有效性研究

为评估超细干粉用于大型油浸变压器的技术可行性,通过变压器热油火实验,研究了超细干粉对不同初始基础油温和不同预燃时间下变压器热油火的灭火有效性,分析了超细干粉灭变压器热油火的作用机理.     

Fabrication and properties of low oxygen grade Al2O3 dispersion strengthened copper alloy

The low oxygen grade Al2O3 dispersion strengthened copper alloy without hydrogen-fired expansion was fabricated by the technique of vacuum hot press and hot extrusion. The mechanical and electrical properties measurements and microstructures observation on as-hot extruded, as-cold drawn and as-annealed Cu-Al2O3 alloy were conducted. The results show that the addition of a suitable amount of boron in the alloy can lower the residual free oxygen content and then inhibit the hydrogen-fired expansion. The density, σb, σ0.2, hardness, δ and electrical conductivity of the alloy reach 8.86 g/cm^3 (relative density of 99.6%), 340MPa, 250MPa, HB95,24% and 93%(IACS) respectively after hot extruded with the extrusion ratio of 30:1. Its properties have no change after annealed at 900℃ for 1h. Its strength increases after cold drawing, while its ductility and electrical conductivity drop gradually. Various properties of the cold drawn alloy can recover to those of as-extruded after annealed at 900℃ for 1h without the occurrence of recrystallization.