Cpk index estimation using data transformation

Process capability indices (PCIs) are used in industry to assess percentages of nonconforming parts. An underlying assumption is that the output process measurements are distributed as normal random variables. When normal distributions are assumed, but different distributions are present - such as skew, heavy-tailed, and short-tailed distributions - the percentages of nonconforming parts are significantly different than the computed PCIs indicate. Data arising from nonnormal distributions can sometimes be transformed to conform to the normality assumption and the PCI's computed for the transformed data. In this paper, the effect of the transformation on the estimate of nonconforming parts is examined for three examples of nonnormal distributions - gamma, lognormal, and Weibull. The results of this experimental analysis suggest that data transformation can be useful for estimating an interval for C_pk values and the number of nonconforming parts.     

Electron transport in highly compensated,plastically bent,n-type InSb in the temperature range 4.2–300 K

Measurements of the Hall coefficient, dc electrical conductivity, and magnetoresistance have been made on two highly compensated, plastically bent,n-type InSb samples from liquid helium to room temperature. The number and Hall mobility of charge carriers and the electrical conductivity are greatly affected by plastic bending. The mobility decreases appreciably and the number of charge carriers increases in both the deformed samples. This increase of effective charge carriers can be attributed to the introduction of effective donor centers due to plastic bending. The electrical conductivity in one of the deformed samples increases between the temperature ranges 4.2–15 K and 125–190 K compared to that of the undeformed state of the sample. This unusual increase in is attributed to the large increase inn value. The magnetoresistance at 4.2 K is due to impurity-band conduction and is found to be positive. It shows approximately a linear variation with magnetic field in both the deformed samples. The observed behavior of the magnetoresistance at 300 K is consistent with the behavior expected for free electrons. The observed / at 77.4 K is found to be less than that at 300 K and is explained in terms of the Hall mobility values at these two temperatures.     

Artificial Intelligence System Approach for Optimization of Drilling Parameters of Glass-Carbon Fiber/Polymer Composites

Silicon - In recent times, the study on machining characteristics of combined (hybrid) fiber polymer composites has drawn a remarkable research attention because of its emerging industrial...     

Thermal degradation of cellulose and its phosphorylated products in air and nitrogen

The thermal degradation of cellulose and its phosphorylated products (phosphates, diethylphosphate, and diphenylphosphate) were studied in air and nitrogen by differential thermal analysis and dynamic thermogravimetry from ambient temperature to 750°C. From the resulting data various thermodynamic parameters were obtained following the methods of Broido and Freeman and Carroll. The values of E_a for decomposition for phosphorylated cellulose were found to be in the range 55–138 kJ mol^?1 in air and 85–152 kJ mol^?1 in nitrogen and depended upon the percent of phosphorus contents in the samples. The mass spectrum of cellobiose phosphate indicated the absence of the molecular ion, indicating that the compound was thermally unstable. The IR spectra of the pyrolysis residues of cellulose phosphate gave indication of formation of a compound having C?O and P?O groups. A fire retardancy mechanism for the thermal degradation of cellulose phosphate has been proposed.     

Bipartite coherent-state quantum key distribution with strong reference pulse

We propose an optical scheme for quantum key distribution in which bits are encoded in relative phases of four bipartite weak coherent states ${|\alpha, \alpha\rangle, |-\alpha, -\alpha\rangle, |-\alpha, \alpha\rangle}$ and ${|\alpha, -\alpha \rangle}$ , with respect to a strong reference pulse. We discuss security of the scheme against eavesdropping strategies like, photon number splitting, photon beam splitting and intercept-resend attacks. It is found that present scheme is more sensitive against these eavesdropping strategies than the two-dimensional non-orthogonal state based protocol and BB84 protocol. Our scheme is very simple, requires only passive optical elements like beam splitters, phase shifters and photon detectors, hence is at the reach of presently available technology.     

A multiperiod set covering location model for dynamic redeployment of ambulances

Emergency medical service (EMS) providers continually seek ways to improve system performance particularly the response time to incidents. The demand for ambulances fluctuate throughout the week, depending on the day of week, and even the time of day, therefore EMS operators can improve system performance by dynamic relocation/redeployment of ambulances in response to fluctuating demand patters. The objective of the model is to determine the minimum number of ambulances and their locations for each time cluster in which significant changes in demand pattern occur while meeting coverage requirement with a predetermined reliability. The model is further enhanced by calculating ambulance specific busy probabilities and validated by a comprehensive simulation model. Computational results on experimental data sets and data from an EMS agency are provided.     

Video Data Delivery using Slotted Patching

In the request-based scheme, a patching channel is initiated on arrival of a request in an interarrival time of two adjacent multicast channels. If two requests are received in a short duration in an interarrival time, two patching channels are needed to service them. Both these channels deliver almost the same data, thus, wasting the bandwidth. This problem may be addressed in two ways: using higher level patching technique, or forcing the first request to wait for the second one. Using higher level patching technique makes the system more complex and thus usually not preferred. In the second case, the bandwidth usage certainly reduces, but the length of the waiting time by the first request for the second request is the main issue. In this paper, this issue is addressed by dividing the video duration into uniform time slots such that there is at least one request in a time slot for initiating the patching channel. The proposed scheme is named as Video Data Delivery using Slotted Patching. In this scheme, the patching channels download much less video data than the request-based scheme and thus require less bandwidth. This scheme may not provide immediate services to all users unlike the request-based scheme, but the user's waiting can be made arbitrarily small without using much resources unlike the request-based scheme.