Algorithms for solving large-scale 0–1 goal programming and its application to reliability optimization problem

Goal programming(GP) is one of the most widely used Operations Research/Management Science/Industrial Engineering techniques for solving multiple criteria decision making (MCD M) problems. In the realistic decision making problems, many GP problems are involved a large number of 0–1 decision variables and a special type of system structures.

Inthis paper, we develop a computational algorithm for solving 0–1 goal programming with a generalized upper bounding (GUB) structures. From the views of the computational experience and storage requirement, we implemented an efficient software package for UN IX workstations in which we called it micro 0–1 GP(GUB). In the micro 0–1 GP(GUB) developed here, the GUB structures would be effectively handled and we designed user-friendly GP data entry subsystem.

As a real-world 0–1 goal programming problem with the GUB structures, we demonstrate an optimization problem of system reliability for allocating redundant units by the micro 0–1 GP(GUB) software package on an UN IX system.     

Large Bolometer Arrays with Superconducting NbSi Sensors for Future Space Experiments

New techniques in microelectronics allow to build large arrays of bolometers filling the focal plane of submillimeter and millimeter telescopes. The expected sensitivity increase is the key for the next generation of space experiments in this wavelength range. Superconducting bolometers offer currently the best prospects in terms of sensitivity and multiplexed readout. We present here the developments led in France based on NbSi alloy thermometers. The manufacturing process of a 23 pixel array and the test setup are described.      

The acoustic startle response and disruption of aiming: II. Modulation by forewarning and preliminary stimuli

Four experiments examined the disruption of rifle aim by intense noise bursts. In Experiment 1 a trigger pull was followed occasionally by a noise burst. Aiming was disrupted for 1-2 s, an effect that habituated within days and recovered between days. Expected stimuli were less disruptive than were unexpected stimuli. Experiment 2 demonstrated that weak auditory prestimuli 100 ms before unexpected intense sounds also reduced noise-produced errors. Experiment 3 showed that the intratympanic reflex had not played a protective role in this effect. Experiment 4 showed that a weak tactile prestimulus increased both a muscular measure of the acoustic startle reaction and the perturbing effect of the noise burst on motor performance. In general, conditions that affect the amplitude of the acoustic startle reflex similarly influence the disruptive effect of a noise burst on motor performance, but the two measures are not correlated in the detail necessary to suggest a causative relationship.     

圣卡塔琳娜碉堡

项目旨在修复葡萄牙境内亚述尔群岛上的日什匹科碉堡。该碉堡建于18世纪，刚被列为国家公共遗产。现存的日碉堡遗址只剩下一座荒废的炮台、一对炮眼和处部分损坏的石制营房。营房里还有19世纪遗留下来的老石灰窑。整个场地，只有朝海地区是用混凝土加固的，其他地区都是玄武岩。设计师通过对地图和军事历史进行详细的研究后，决定对碉堡进行修复，而不是重建碉堡，但现场收集到的信息跟现存的日什匹科碉堡画像（1871年）所反映的内容并不相符。     

Interactive multiple objective linear programming system implemented on a microcomputer

Linear programming is one of the most widely used Operations Research/Management Science techniques. Recently, multiple objective decision making has been well established as a practical approach to seek a satisfactory solution to a decision making problem. Much attention has been focused on a microcomputer as an economical management tool.

In this paper we propose an interactive goal attainment method using the eigenvector algorithm for solving a multiple objective linear programming problem interactively on microcomputers. In the software package Micro-LPS based on the method proposed, we design a conversational and user-friendly system in which the user commands are involved.     

Temperature variation of magnetic aftereffect

The paper analyzes the anomalous behavior of the magnetic aftereffect decay coefficient with temperature, which has been established experimentally from a thermodynamic point of view. The Arrhenius law, which has often been used to model magnetic aftereffect, is based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) statistics. At low temperatures, however, magnons obey Bose-Einstein (BE) statistics, which have a different energy spectrum. MB statistics are a good approximation to BE statistics in the temperature range in which most devices operate. The variation in temperature, governed by chemical potential that is essentially linear, has a negative slope and is zero below a low but finite temperature. Other explanations for this anomalous behavior would predict an incorrect type of temperature dependence. This new interpretation of magnetic aftereffect may have profound implications on accelerated testing to determine life expectancy of recordings     

Ceramic Dental Molds for the Precision Casting of Titanium and Titanium Alloys: I, Relationship between Particle-Size Distribution of Aggregates and Mold Expansion

A new ceramic dental mold can cast excellent Ti restoratives by controlling expansion due to the oxidation of additive metal particles. The packing structure of the metal and aggregate particles in the mold can be considered a function of the size distribution of the aggregate grains. An investigation of the expansion mechanism reveals three different relationships of void fraction versus linear thermal expansion for the molds at the high temperature under which oxidation of the metal particles occurs. Room-temperature casting, favorable for making high-quality Ti restoratives, can also be achieved by precisely controlling both the amount of additive metal powder and the compositional distribution of aggregate grain sizes in the mold.     

Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides of Catechol Metabolites that Exhibit Antiobesity Properties

A series of fatty acid amides of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) catechol metabolites were synthesized in order to evaluate their biological activities. Upon administration, all synthesized compounds resulted in negative modulation of food intake in rats. The most active compounds have affinity for the CB₁ receptor and/or PPAR‐α; part of their biological activity may be caused by these double interactions.     

Size-controlled oxidation-resistant copper fine particles covered by biopolymer nanoskin

Size-controlled oxidation-resistant copper fine particles were prepared from insoluble CuO micron-sized particles. The particle sizes were quite uniform and could be varied only by the concentration of the complex reagent from 45 to 175 nm. No template material was needed for size control. Gelatin was selected as the protective polymer. Addition of protease after formation of copper fine particles decomposed preferentially loop and tail parts of gelatin. The remaining nanoskin gelatin layer, covered on the particle surface, prevents oxidation of copper.