Über Winkelfehler von Hochspannungswiderständen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Automated real-time hit picking, retesting, and reflux testing

Advances in automation have enabled screening methods, such as enzymatic assays and ELISAs, to be performed in a high-throughput fashion. Instruments can perform each of the steps more rapidly and with fewer errors than humans, however, in many cases, humans still perform the key steps of integrating the instruments and Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS). Typically, the screening process involves multiple steps for sample testing, manual data entry and design of protocols to handle the positive samples, and final processing of positives. Fully integrated systems such as Protedyne's BioCube^™ System combine liquid handling, LIMS, plate washing, and plate reading in a device that is controlled via a single user interface. As an example, we present the results of automating plate reading and retesting of positive samples in a model protocol based on ELISA testing. By performing an automated initial screening of results, our system enables positive samples to be retested at higher stringency or sent to a technician for corroboration of results. The screening process then becomes a single protocol that starts with a sample set and results in a data set of tested and retested/reflux tested positives as well as re-arrayed plates of positive samples that are ready for additional downstream processing.     

The PhenePlate system for studies of the diversity of enterococcal populations from the food chain and the environment

The growing interest in ecological investigations, such as studies of the "flow" of bacteria through the food chain, has resulted in a great need for simple typing techniques for bacteria that can be used when a large number of isolates need to be analysed. The present study describes a simple method for biochemical fingerprinting of enterococci, the PhenePlate RF (PhP-RF) system. The system is based on a 96-well microplate containing eight sets of 11 dehydrated reagents, selected to have a high discriminatory power among enterococcal isolates. The PhP plates are inoculated easily by picking single colonies directly from the primary agar culture and suspending them in the first well of each row in the microplate. The kinetics of each reaction is evaluated by measuring the absorbance value of each well three times during 64 h, whereupon a biochemical fingerprint is calculated as the mean value for each reagent over the three readings. The PhP-RF method was shown to be highly reproducible, even when results were compared between different laboratories. The discriminatory power, measured as Simpson's diversity index (Di), was as high as 0.96 for all enterococci. The PhP-RF method could also be used as a preliminary species identification method, by comparing the biochemical fingerprints of unknown strains to those of a set of reference strains of known species. Most strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus hirae were correctly identified using this method. We conclude that the PhenePlate RF system is useful for rapid typing of enterococcal populations, and it is especially useful as a first screening method for ecological studies, when many isolates per sample need to be analysed.     

Surface-bounded growth modeling applied to human mandibles

From a set of longitudinal three-dimensional scans of the same anatomical structure, we have accurately modeled the temporal shape and size changes using a linear shape model. On a total of 31 computed tomography scans of the mandible from six patients, 14,851 semilandmarks are found automatically using shape features and a new algorithm called geometry-constrained diffusion. The semilandmarks are mapped into Procrustes space. Principal component analysis extracts a one-dimensional subspace, which is used to construct a linear growth model. The worst case mean modeling error in a cross validation study is 3.7 mm.     

Über den Einfluß von Ständerdämpfungskreisen auf die Stromwendung von Gleich- und Wechselstrommaschinen mit Wendepolen

Übersicht Die Stromwendungsgüte von Gleichstrom- und Wechselstrom-Kommutatormaschinen läßt sich mit Hilfe von Windungen im Wendepolluftspalt verbessern, in die Kondensatoren eingeschaltet sind. Die Verbreiterung der funkenfreien Zonen wird abhängig von der Kapazität und der Bürstenbreite an einer kompensierten Gleichstrommaschine gemessen und anhand eines vereinfachten Ersatzschaltbildes rechnerisch gedeutet. Die dämpfende Wirkung des massiven Ständerjoches und der Feldwicklung werden aus den Meßergebnissen rechnerisch näherungsweise bestimmt. Die prozentualen Zahlenwerte haben für einfache Abschätzungen allgemeinen Wert, da die Streufaktoren größerer Maschinen nur geringfügig voneinander abweichen.

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Summary The commutation efficiency of d. c. and a. c. commutator machines can be improved by the presence of windings in the interpole airgap into which capacitors are switched. The increase in width of the spark-free zones, which is dependent on the capacitance value and the brush width, is measured on a compensated d. c. machine and calculated by means of a simplified equivalent circuit diagram. The damping effect of the solid stator yoke and the field winding is approximately calculated from the measured results. The percentage numerical values are of general value for simple estimations, since the leakage coefficients of larger machines vary only by insignificant amounts.

     

Zur Hysterese einer auf Zug beanspruchten Schraubverbindung

Zusammenfassung Die Hysterese und die Energiedissipation in einer auf Zug beanspruchten Schraubverbindung werden rechnerisch und experimentell ermittelt. Das Rechenmodell besteht aus Zugst?ben mit konstanter, parabelf?rmiger oder polynomartig verteilter Querlast in der Kontaktzone als Folge der Schraubenanpre?kraft. Wenn eine Zuglast wirkt, verschieben sich die St?be relativ zueinander. Die abgeleiteten Verschiebungs-Last-Funktionen und die Verlustarbeiten h?ngen von der gew?hlten Querkraftverteilung ab. Rechnung und Experiment werden mit Hilfe der Verlustarbeit in Abh?ngigkeit von der Zugkraft quantitativ verglichen. Die beste übereinstimmung ergibt sich für parabelf?rmige und polynomartige Querlast. Auch die rechnerisch und experimentell ermittelten Formen der Hystereseschleifen unterscheiden sich nur wenig voneinander. Mit dem Rechenmodell k?nnen zus?tzliche Zwischenzyklen bei Be- und Entlastungsvorg?ngen erfa?t werden. Akad. Oberrat     

Concentrations of fat and plasma 5alpha-androstenone and plasma testosterone in boars selected for rate of body weight gain and thickness of back fat during growth, sexual maturation and after mating

The levels of 5alpha-androstenone and testosterone in peripheral plasma and 5alpha-androstenone in fat collected from 18 boars selected according to thickness of back fat and rate of gain were evaluated. Sampling was started when the animals were about 100 days of age and samples were collected every 14 days until the boars were about 240 days old. The steroid profiles varied considerably between boars, although an increase in steroid levels was found in most animals with the onset of adolescence. The regression line for the level of 5alpha-androstenone in fat and the age of the animals in days was found to be y = 0.02x-1-31. High coefficients of correlation were found between the concentration of 5alpha-androstenone in peripheral plasma and fat (r = 0-78) and between levels of 5alpha-androstenone and testosterone in peripheral plasma (r = 0-64). Levels of 5alpha-androstenone in peripheral plasma above about 15 ng/ml were usually accompanied by a heavy accumulation of 5alpha-androstenone in adipose tissue. The use of four of the boars for mating resulted in increased steroid levels in peripheral plasma and fat. Significantly higher levels of 5alpha-androstenone and testosterone were found in the peripheral plasma of boars selected for fatness and a low rate of gain than in boars selected for low back-fat thickness and a high rate of gain.     

Synthesis and characterization of a catechol metabolite of glutethimide (Doriden) in human urine

Adenovirus type 2 DNA, specifically labeled at the termini for DNA replication, was prepared by isolation of viral DNA molecules which were completed during short pulses with 3H-thymidine. The distribution of radioactivity in the two complementary strands at the termini for DNA replication was determined by liquid phase hybridization and gelelectrophoresis. At the right-hand terminus, nearly all radioactivity was found in the viral h strand, whereas at the left-hand terminus, most radioactivity was confined to the viral l strand. The results suggest that both molecular ends serve as origins and termini for replication of adenovirus type 2 DNA.     

Learning by Failing (and Fixing)

Unfortunately, students can graduate with a software engineering degree without learning anything about building secure systems. However, for the past two years at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, a software security course has been giving students the theoretical foundation and practical experience necessary to start comprehending software security issues.     

Isolation of monoclonal antibodies monospecific for bovine kappa-casein

Bovine kappa-casein represents a major portion of the total protein present in milk and is required for formation of the caseinate micelles responsible for the transportation of both calcium and phosphorous. Two monoclonal antibodies directed against bovine kappa-casein have been isolated. Both monoclonal antibodies are highly specific for bovine kappa-casein. Western analysis of denatured kappa-casein suggests epitope specificity is, in part, conformationally dependent. Additional epitope mapping with chymosin and neuraminidase also suggest antibody binding is in the region of the amino acid sequence Pro-Thr-Thr at positions 92 to 94 and 134 to 136.