Fatty acid variation among U.S. Runner-type peanut cultivars

Fatty acid composition was determined among seven U.S. runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars: Florunner, Sunrunner, GK-7, Southern Runner, Sunbelt Runner, Okrun, and Langley. Significant year and cultivar differences were found within these fatty acid profiles. Southern Runner had the best oleic to linoleic ratio and iodine values; whereas Florunner, Sunrunner, and Langley were the highest in unsaturated and lowest in saturated and long-chain fatty acids. For the future, breeding programs need to continue developing peanut cultivars with improved oil quality.     

利用振动检测诊断双螺杆压缩机故障

定期对海上关键设备进行振动检测,发现双螺杆压缩机的振动烈度超标。利用频谱分析,诊断设备故障原因,并在检修中进行了修正。     

Enhancement of sterol synthesis by the monoterpene perillyl alcohol is unaffected by competitive 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition

Monoterpenes such as limonene and perillyl alcohol (PA) are currently under investigation for their chemotherapeutic properties which have been tied to their ability to affect protein isoprenylation. Because PA affects the synthesis of isoprenoids’ such as ubiquinone’ and cholesterol is the end product of the synthetic pathway from which this isoprenoid pathway branches’ we investigated the effects of this compound upon cholesterol metabolism in the colonic adenocarcinoma cell line SW480. PA (1 mM) inhibited incorporation of ¹⁴C-mevalonate into 21–26 kDa proteins by 25% in SW480 cells. Cholesterol (CH) biosynthesis was assessed by measuring the incorporation of ¹⁴C-acetate and ¹⁴C-mevalonate into 27-carbon-sterols. Cells treated with PA (1 mM) exhibited a fourfold increase in the incorporation of ¹⁴C-acetate but not ¹⁴C-mevalonate into cholesterol. Mevinolin (lovastatin)’ an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase’ at 2 μM concentration’ inhibited CH synthesis from ¹⁴C-acetate by 80%. Surprisingly’ concurrent addition of mevinolin and PA did not significantly alter the stimulatory effects of PA. As observed differences in ¹⁴C-acetate and ¹⁴C-mevalonate precursor labeling could indicate PA affects early pathway events’ the effects of this monoterpene on HMG-CoA reductase activity were evaluated. Unexpectedly’ 1 mM PA did not stimulate activity of this enzyme. Consistent with its action as a reversibly bound inhibitor’ in washed microsomes’ 2 μM mevinolin pretreatment increased reductase protein expression causing a 12.7 (±2.4)-fold compensatory HMG-CoA reductase activity increase; concurrent treatment with 1 mM PA attenuated this to a 5.3 (±0.03)-fold increase. Gas chromatographic analysis confirmed CH was the major lipid present in the measured thin-layer chromatography spot. Since ¹⁴C-acetate incorporation into free fatty acid and phospholipid pools was not significantly affected by PA treatment’ nonspecific changes in whole acetate pool sizes were not indicated. Because increases in endogenous CH synthesis should result in compensatory changes in exogenous sterol utilization’ the effects of PA upon low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity were evaluated. Consistent with the observed increases in CH synthesis’ 1 mM PA decreased ¹²⁵I-LDL internalization to 50% of the fetal bovine serum control; concurrent addition of 2 μM mevinolin attenuated this effect to a reduction of 80% of the control value. Data suggest that in certain colonic tumor cells PA strongly affects cholesterol metabolism via a mechanism of action that is insensitive to the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor mevinolin.     

中压汽包法兰断裂失效原因分析及改进措施

本文针对中压汽包法兰断裂失效原因进行分析，指出汽包上两个法兰同时断裂的原因在于安全阀排汽管路设计上的失误，并提出对安全阀排汽系统的改进措施。     

乙烯收率状况分析与对策

通过对广州石化乙烯厂裂解原料、收率、运行状况进行分析，揭示石脑油质量波动对乙烯收率的影响，研究了乙烯收率的偏低原因，并提出原料频繁变化条件下，原料优化运作和COT调整对策。     

煤与粘结剂的相互作用和型煤抗压强度的关系

煤的润湿性与型煤抗压强度相关。用于表征煤的润湿性方法有煤与淀粉粘结剂的接触角、粘合功、煤的润湿临界表面张力等。研究证明,随着煤化程度的升高,煤与淀粉粘结剂接触角变小,粘合功增加,粉煤的润湿性改善,型煤抗压强度得以提高。另外,煤的润湿临界表面张力越大,煤的润湿性越好,型煤抗压强度也就越高。     

冷加工和时效处理顺序对6061铝合金力学性能的影响(英文)

研究不同的析出硬化和冷加工组合对6061铝合金拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,在不同的热处理过程中,在180℃单时效4h能提高合金的强度和伸长率。然而,双时效处理不能改善其力学性能。另外,预时效对随后的析出硬化有负面影响。合金力学性能的变化归因于析出硬化、应变硬化和加工软化的竞争而引起的显微组织演变。     

长8超低渗透储层压力传播与井网匹配关系研究

镇泾油田长8储层属于低孔超低渗储层,依据储层分类标准在平面上可划分为孔隙型和裂缝型。为了研究不同类型储层压力传播与井网匹配关系,对长8油藏典型油水井动态指标进行分析,给出不同类型储层压力传播特征和合理井网形式。综合应用矢量井网和数值模拟方法对不同井排距方案进行预测,确定合理井排距。研究结果表明,孔隙型储层油井初产低、递减快、压力传播慢、传播范围小;注水井吸水能力随注水量增加而降低。裂缝型储层采油井初产高、递减慢、注水井吸水能力强、吸水指数存在明显拐点。孔隙型储层中部署菱形反九点井网,合理井距范围450～500 m,合理排距范围110～130 m;裂缝型储层部署矩形井网(行列式),合理井距范围400～450 m,合理排距范围130～150 m。     

塔里木盆地的热史

塔里木盆地的地质热历史与其构造演化史密切相关。塔里木盆地自古生代以来古地温总体呈下降趋势,其间存在两个相对较高的古地温期:一个是寒武纪-早奥陶世,另一个是石炭-二叠纪。早古生代塔里木盆地古地温梯度较高,寒武纪-早奥陶世古地温梯度为每百米3.2～3.5℃,此后地温梯度显著下降;石炭-二叠纪古地温略有上升,地温梯度为每百米3.0～3.2℃;中生代古地温梯度下降平缓,中生代末地温梯度为每百米2.5℃;新生代地温梯度持续下降,现今地温梯度为每百米2℃。由于盆地不同构造单元构造发展演化史不同,塔里木盆地各构造单元的地质热历史各具特征。沙雅隆起与卡塔克隆起以及古城墟隆起在地质历史过程中,长期处于基底隆起区,大地热流始终相对较高;而满加尔坳陷长期处于坳陷区,基底埋深大,古热流相对较低。此外,新生代期间,塔里木盆地受南北向的挤压,由于山脉的负载作用,使盆地中部岩石圈相对上拱的卡塔克隆起地温梯度变化较小或略有上升,而边缘向下挠曲的塔西南坳陷新生代期间持续的快速沉降,地温梯度下降迅速,且幅度较大。     

高压氢气罐的裂纹成因分析及强度校核

对洛阳分公司炼油厂重整装置的四台储氢罐在进行压力容器检验时发现的裂纹进行了分析，认为是制造过程中形成的裂纹，并对这些裂纹进行了处理和强度校核。