Self-percepts of control in middle and later adulthood: Buffering losses by rescaling goals.

Proposes a model of how a sense of control is maintained in later adulthood through shifts in the subjective importance of developmental goals. Developmental goals and control beliefs were repeatedly assessed over an 8-yr interval on a core sample of 735 participants (aged 30–59 yrs). The findings reveal a high degree of stability in generalized perceptions of control even in the transition to later adulthood. In line with predictions, moderated multiple regressions indicated (1) that the degree to which self-percepts of control within a particular goal domain affect an individual's general sense of control depends on the personal importance of that domain and (2) that losses of control within a goal domain affect general perceptions of control to a lesser degree if the importance of the respective domain is downscaled within the same longitudinal interval. Implications for theories of depression as well as for successful aging are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Querschnittsberechnung von Stahlbetonstäben – Stand der Forschung

Cross‐Sectional Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams – State of the Art Many common structures consist of one‐dimensional members. For such structures beam theory is applicable. Within beam theory, the material behaviour can be captured on cross‐sectional level. Regarding reinforced‐concrete structures, material nonlinearity has generally to be considered. The present article provides an overview of the state of the art in cross‐sectional analysis of one‐dimensional reinforced‐concrete elements. A crosssectional analysis describes the relationship between the internal forces and the generalized strains. There is a large number of different models, for which a classification is suggested here. Existing models can be classified into resultant models, truss models, uniaxial models, wall models, and finite element models. For each class, the characteristics are outlined and the most important models are presented.