全文获取类型
收费全文 | 33086篇 |
免费 | 997篇 |
国内免费 | 66篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 366篇 |
综合类 | 39篇 |
化学工业 | 6817篇 |
金属工艺 | 859篇 |
机械仪表 | 622篇 |
建筑科学 | 1839篇 |
矿业工程 | 247篇 |
能源动力 | 1016篇 |
轻工业 | 2769篇 |
水利工程 | 335篇 |
石油天然气 | 207篇 |
武器工业 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 2156篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5215篇 |
冶金工业 | 6684篇 |
原子能技术 | 323篇 |
自动化技术 | 4653篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 198篇 |
2021年 | 387篇 |
2020年 | 333篇 |
2019年 | 400篇 |
2018年 | 492篇 |
2017年 | 509篇 |
2016年 | 523篇 |
2015年 | 470篇 |
2014年 | 744篇 |
2013年 | 2137篇 |
2012年 | 1245篇 |
2011年 | 1596篇 |
2010年 | 1172篇 |
2009年 | 1260篇 |
2008年 | 1441篇 |
2007年 | 1468篇 |
2006年 | 1258篇 |
2005年 | 1175篇 |
2004年 | 1056篇 |
2003年 | 1028篇 |
2002年 | 1033篇 |
2001年 | 638篇 |
2000年 | 617篇 |
1999年 | 578篇 |
1998年 | 618篇 |
1997年 | 506篇 |
1996年 | 609篇 |
1995年 | 548篇 |
1994年 | 535篇 |
1993年 | 536篇 |
1992年 | 489篇 |
1991年 | 321篇 |
1990年 | 442篇 |
1989年 | 424篇 |
1988年 | 380篇 |
1987年 | 425篇 |
1986年 | 383篇 |
1985年 | 517篇 |
1984年 | 491篇 |
1983年 | 444篇 |
1982年 | 464篇 |
1981年 | 446篇 |
1980年 | 355篇 |
1979年 | 365篇 |
1978年 | 330篇 |
1977年 | 307篇 |
1976年 | 274篇 |
1975年 | 319篇 |
1974年 | 244篇 |
1973年 | 279篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 15, 45, or 60 minutes of global ischaemia and then fixed by perfusion at 37°C with glutaraldehyde containing various amounts of oxygen. This either had been bubbled with 100% oxygen (PO2 620 mm Hg) or with 100% nitrogen (PO2 40 mm Hg) immediately before use, or it had been routinely prepared and stored exposed to atmospheric oxygen (PO2 245 mm Hg). The ultrastructure of myocytes and endothelial cells subjected to 15 minutes of ischaemia was not affected by the treatment of the fixative. However, when the tissue subjected to longer periods of ischaemia was fixed with routinely prepared or oxygen-bubbled glutaraldehyde, ultrastructural changes characteristic of reoxygenation damage were uniformly evident in both the microvasculature and myocytes. These qualitatively distinct changes included mitochondrial swelling, cell swelling, endothelial bleb formation, and narrowing of capillary lumina. These abnormalities were not observed in tissue fixed with nitrogen-bubbled glutaraldehyde. These findings indicate that deliberate steps should be taken to reduce or eliminate dissolved oxygen from the fixatives used to study ischaemic tissues. Otherwise artefactual reoxygenation damage in vitro may occur and make valid ultrastructural interpretation difficult or impossible. 相似文献
82.
Holly Rushmeier Jason Dykes John Dill Peter Yoon 《Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE》2007,27(6):12-16
Defining visualization education is still a work in progress. Visualization education is not just a subject within computer science. Computer scientists are not always the appropriate choice to teach visualization courses on their own. Visualization is not just mastering a set of concepts but acquiring skills. Student should learn by doing, either using one tool or a variety of tools, depending on the course's focus. 相似文献
83.
John Watrous 《Computational Complexity》2003,12(1-2):48-84
This paper studies the space-complexity of predicting the
long-term behavior of a class of stochastic processes based on evolutions
and measurements of quantum mechanical systems. These processes
generalize a wide range of both quantum and classical space-bounded
computations, including unbounded error computations given by machines
having algebraic number transition amplitudes or probabilities.
It is proved that any space s quantum stochastic process from this class
can be simulated probabilistically with unbounded error in space O(s),
and therefore deterministically in space O(s2). 相似文献
84.
Solidification time and heat treatment are known to have a large effect on the microstructure of cast aluminum alloys. This
study was conducted to quantify how the fatigue properties of a 319-type aluminum alloy are affected by solidification time
and heat treatment. Both porosity-containing (non-hot isostatically pressed (HIP)) and porosity-free (HIP) samples in the
T6 (“peak aged”) or T7 (“overaged”) heattreated conditions were tested. As the solidification time increased, the average
initiating pore diameter increased and stress-controlled fatigue life decreased. Heat treatment was observed to have a large
effect on fatigue properties of the HIP samples. However, in the non-HIP fatigue samples, heat treatment did not significantly
change the fatigue life or fatigue strength of the cast 319-type alloy. The absence of an influence of heat treatment on fatigue
response is attributed to the predominance of the microporosity in fatigue crack initiation in cast aluminum. 相似文献
85.
This is the second of two papers devoted to the issue of measuring the Timoshenko shear stiffness of thin-walled composite beams. In the first paper, the effect of warping on the effective Timoshenko shear stiffness, as measured through bending tests, was studied. The bending test was simulated using finite-element analysis, and the results indicated that the warping effect was minimal. On the other hand, the evidence suggests that transverse flexibility may have a significant influence on the effective Timoshenko shear stiffness, decreasing the effective shear stiffness at shorter test spans. The purpose of the present study is to further investigate this effect and to explore the use of a sandwich theory to predict the measurement error. A higher-order sandwich theory, which captures the transverse strain at concentrated loads and supports, is applied to a commercially available thin-walled composite beam. The results indicate that the sandwich model does capture the decrease in the effective shear stiffness at short spans, and the dependence of the shear stiffness on span-to-depth ratio is similar to that calculated in the first paper, using the finite-element method. 相似文献
86.
Mark Taylor John Miles Dino Bouchlaghem Chimay Anumba 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,21(1):59-62
IT systems for engineers are becoming more numerous and complex and will further proliferate in the future. It is infeasible to expect users to be trained to work with a plethora of systems, especially as many of them will only see occasional use. Therefore, in the near future, systems will need user interfaces that allow intuitive access and usage. This paper examines a new style of user interface based on virtual reality. 相似文献
87.
Garey A. Fox John W. Fuchs Victor F. Medina Kaumudi Atapattu 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,133(3):255-262
Recent research has proposed the use of asphalt and tall-oil-pitch emulsions for stabilizing radioactive contamination deposited on surfaces in urban areas. The objective of this project was to investigate whether surface applied emulsions could capture airborne radioactive particulate. Laboratory experiments included wind-blown particulate capture studies using an acrylic column and particulate retainment experiments using a wind box capable of producing wind speeds of 96?km/h. A probe methodology was developed to relate particulate retainment to a tack force on the emulsion surface. Experiments were also performed to determine the potential for such emulsions to absorb particulate matter into their emulsion matrix. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions outperformed asphalt emulsions in terms of particulate retention, tack force, and the ability to absorb magnesium silicate. Both tall-oil-pitch and asphalt emulsions were capable of extracting 22–24?g?m?2 of powder from particulate-laden airflow. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions were capable of retaining as much as 5–10% of magnesium silicate powder applied (i.e., retainment densities of 10–20?g?m?2) even after seven?days of curing and after applying 96.5?km/h (60?mph) wind. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions were able to absorb surface-applied magnesium silicate (approximately 0.1–0.2?g of magnesium silicate per 1.0?g of emulsion within three?days) into their emulsion matrix, preventing the magnesium silicate from being exposed to the external environment. Initial results with these five different emulsion formulations suggested particulate capture was feasible. Future emulsion formulations (i.e., longer curing times with greater acid concentrations) should be tested to optimize this postdetonation response strategy. 相似文献
88.
89.
The Environmental Effects Committee of the ASCE Energy Engineering Division has been developing a report on “Energy Production and Reservoir Water Quality” for publication. The report covers the regulatory framework that dictates much of the procedures for studies related to this topic, the fundamental reservoir hydrodynamics and water quality modeling used in preparing studies, the kinds of studies that can be prepared at different levels of analysis, and a series of applications that illustrate the problems encountered and applications of the various techniques. This study of hydrothermal modeling as applied to examining cooling tower alternatives for an existing steam electric station on a moderately large reservoir is included in this report and is presented here as an illustration of the types of studies included. This particular study subtended the usual steam electric plant cooling water discharge studies that relate to specific regulatory thermal plume size standards, and had to be designed around developing plant and cooling tower operations that would meet specific fisheries requirements for a zone of passage and refuge for fishes throughout the receiving embayment. After being used in developing cooling tower and plant operating details for the designers to work with, it was required that the hydrothermal modeling results be verified under actual tower operating conditions. In addition, it was required that the impact of the combined operations on dissolved oxygen be examined in detail. This paper covers the background to setting up the study, the kinds of statistical comparisons used to verify the hydrothermal studies, and similar studies for the analysis of dissolved oxygen distributions. 相似文献
90.
Prevention and Mitigation Strategies to Address Recent Brittle Fractures in Steel Bridges 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Robert J. Connor Eric J. Kaufmann John W. Fisher William J. Wright 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,12(2):164-173
Brittle fracture results in unplanned loss of service, very costly repairs, concern regarding the future safety of the structure, and potential loss of life. These types of failures are most critical when there is no evidence of fatigue cracking leading up to the fracture and the fracture origin is concealed from view. Hence, the failure occurs without warning and the details are, essentially, noninspectable. In these cases, it appears desirable to take a proactive approach and introduce preventative retrofits to reduce the potential for future crack development. These efforts will help ensure that the likelihood of unexpected fractures is minimized. This paper examines the behavior of two bridge structures in which brittle fractures have developed in recent times, discusses the causes of the failures, and offers suggested design strategies for prevention and retrofit mitigation techniques. In situations where considerable uncertainty exists in the prediction of accumulated damage or in the ability to reliably inspect critical details, preemptive retrofit strategies appear to be highly desirable. 相似文献