Improved efficiency of polymer light-emitting diodes by inserting a hole transport layer formed without thermal treatment above glass transition temperature

We have demonstrated a significant improvement in the performance of polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) by inserting the fluorene-triatylamine copolymer as hole transport layer (HTL) without a thermal treatment above the glass transition temperature (T_g). A thin HTL insolubilized by a thermal treatment above T_g is often inserted as an interlayer between an anode buffer layer and a light-emitting polymer (LEP) in PLEDs fabricated by using a conventional solution process. The evaporative spray deposition using ultradiluted solution (ESDUS) method has enabled fabricating polymer bilayer structure without an insolublizing procedure. The bilayer PLEDs fabricated by ESDUS without the thermal treatment showed significantly higher and more stable external quantum efficiency than PLEDs having the conventional interlayer. Thermal treatment above T_g of the copolymer would induce degradation of its hole injection property. Furthermore, ESDUS bilayer devices showed much higher power efficiency than interlayer devices when calcium was used for cathode. The improvements would be caused by the enhancement of hole injection and the effective electron blocking at the copolymer/LEP interface in the ESDUS bilayer devices.     

Optical Nanoscale Pool‐on‐Surface Design for Control Sensing Recognition of Multiple Cations

General design of optical chemical nanosensors is needed to develop efficient sensing systems with high flexibility, and low capital cost for control recognition of toxic analytes. Here, we designed optical chemical nanosensors for simple, high‐speed detection of multiple toxic metal ions. The systematic design of the nanosensors was based on densely patterned chromophores with intrinsic mobility, namely, “building‐blocks” onto three‐dimensional (3D) nanoscale structures. The ability to precisely modify the nanoscale pore surfaces by using a broad range of chromophores that have different molecular sizes and characteristics enables detection of multiple toxic ions. A key feature of this building‐blocks design strategy is that the surface functionality and good adsorption characteristics of the fabricated nanosensor arrays enabled the development of “pool‐on‐surface” sensing systems in which high flux of the metal analytes across the probe molecules was achieved without significant kinetic hindrance. Such a sensing design enabled sensitive recognition of metal ions up to sub‐picomolar detection limits (～10^?11 mol dm^?3), for first time, with rapid response time within few seconds. Moreover, because these sensing pools exhibited long‐term stability, reversibility and selectivity in detecting most pollutant cations, for example, Cr(VI), Pb(II), Co(II), and Pd(II) ions, they are practical and inexpensive. The key result in our study is that the pool‐on‐surface design for optical nanosensors exhibited significant ion‐selective ability of these target ions from environmental samples and waste disposals.     

Structure-Based Design,Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Imidazo[4,5-b]Pyridin-2-one-Based p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitors: Part 2

We identified novel potent inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase using a structure-based design strategy, beginning with lead compound, 3-(butan-2-yl)-6-(2,4-difluoroanilino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one ( 1 ). To enhance the inhibitory activity of 1 against production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in human whole blood (hWB) cell assays, we designed and synthesized hybrid compounds in which the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one core was successfully linked with the p-methylbenzamide fragment. Among the compounds evaluated, 3-(3-tert-butyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4-methyl-N-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)benzamide ( 25 ) exhibited potent p38 inhibition, superior suppression of TNF-α production in hWB cells, and also significant in vivo efficacy in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). In this paper, we report the discovery of potent, selective, and orally bioavailable imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one-based p38 MAP kinase inhibitors.     

Reduction of temperature influence in stress measurement using surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity

Stress measurements are required to prevent collapse accidents of structures. Surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity can measure principal stress difference nondestructively and easily. Currently, surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity can measure with high precision using a T‐type surface SH‐wave sensor in ideal environments such as in the laboratory. However, in actual environments, it cannot be measured with high precision due to change in the temperature of the specimen. In this paper, temperature dependence of surface SH‐wave acoustoelastic constants was verified to investigate the influence of specimen temperature on surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity. In addition, the measuring system of surface SH‐wave acoustoelasticity using a cross T‐type surface SH‐wave sensor to reduce the influence of specimen temperature was developed.     

Effect of addition of corrosion inhibitors on corrosion behaviors of PCV material under diluted artificial seawater environment

ABSTRACT

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants (1F) were damaged by unprecedented severe accident in the great east Japan earthquake, and seawater and freshwater had been injected as an emergency countermeasure for the core cooling. Although, the primary containment vessel (PCV) was not supposed to be exposed to diluted seawater, the PCV will be exposed to diluted seawater environment until fuel debris removal is completed. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a countermeasure of corrosion for the PCVs made of carbon steel. In this study, the effect of the addition of corrosion inhibitor, which is one of the corrosion countermeasures, was investigated by two types of corrosion tests. As a result of the immersion corrosion test, it was found that any of the three kinds of corrosion inhibitor could suppress corrosion of carbon steel. In addition, as a result of the inhibitor interim addition test, it was found that corrosion of carbon steel covered with corrosion products could be suppressed by optimizing the additive amount of corrosion inhibitor in the cooling water.     

快速凝固Fe-C-Si-Mo合金的晶化行为与硬度SCIEI

本文用单辊法制备了Fe-C-Si-Mo合金快速凝固薄带.研究了Fe-C-Si-Mo合金快速凝固薄带的晶化行为、相组成变化和硬度变化规律.经热处理后,该合金具有很高的Vickers硬度值,X射线衍射和SEM分析表明,硬度的提高是由于晶化时形成大量尺寸很小的碳化物。     

Successful high-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous bone marrow transplantation in a case of refractory follicular lymphoma

This study investigated the association between two demographic and two psychological variables and treatment retention for 65 perinatal substance abusers. Subjects who lived in the community while attending day treatment were 6.125 times more likely to drp out than subjects who lived in a program-operated shelter (p < .0001). An interaction was found for pregnancy status and antisocial personality disorder (p < .0478). Subjects who were both pregnant and antisocial were 4.876 times more likely to remain in treatment than those who were neither pregnant nor antisocial. Degree of "treatment resistance," measured by the MMPI Negative Treatment Indicators (TRT) Scale, did not predict dropout. These findings indicate that supportive housing can play an important role in preventing dropout for perinatal substance abusers. Additionally, pregnancy may present a "window" of opportunity for treating a hard to reach population, drug abusing women with comorbid ASP.     

A model for selecting appropriate technology for incubator-university collaboration by considering the technology transfer mechanism

A technology incubator provides an important support for a technology transfer mechanism. A technology incubator bridges the incubatees to the technology provider. In our research, we propose a technology selection model for the incubatees. Incubator managers, as decision-makers, attempt to evaluate new technology for the incubatees by comparing its profit with that of the old or established technology. The technology is proposed by a technology provider, which in this case is a university. In the technology selection activity, the distance between the technology level of incubatees and transferred technology should be considered. Unfortunately, there has been no effort to formulate a technology selection model in the technology incubator that considers the technology distance and is linked to the incubatees’ profit as financial performance. We examine the impact of the technological-level and technology assimilation rate in the technology selection process in the technology incubator. We analyse the external factor of customer acceptance of new technology with a probabilistic value and technology obsolescence. Furthermore, we introduce a profit-sharing scheme to share the profit of the incubatees with the university as a technology provider. Utilising a profit-sharing scheme means sharing the risk between incubatees and the university.