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81.
The WO3–TiO2 catalysts with different WO3 loadings prepared by the coprecipitation method were investigated in comparison with those prepared by the conventional impregnation method for the activity and durability in the high temperature SCR of NO by NH3 and the structural and physico-chemical properties which were characterized by BET and XRD measurements, IR, Raman and XPS spectroscopies. The catalyst prepared by coprecipitation, as compared with that prepared by impregnation, was found to exhibit a higher SCR activity at high temperatures and also to possess a larger surface area, higher Brønsted acidity and larger monolayer capacity of the support with WO3. Increasing the WO3 loading of the catalysts enhances the SCR activity and simultaneously increases the Brønsted acidity. The observed improvement of SCR activity for the catalyst prepared by coprecipitation is mainly attributed to the higher Brønsted acidity and the presence of the more highly dispersed WO3 species which is suggested by the larger monolayer capacity of ca. 13 μmol(W)/m2 and no crystalline WO3 on TiO2 detected with XRD at the high WO3 loading up to 40 wt.%. The catalyst with 20 wt.% WO3, as compared with that prepared by impregnation, was found to exhibit a better thermal durability at high temperatures from 550 to 600 °C. The better durability is attributed to that the reduction of the surface area and the formation and subsequent growth of crystalline WO3 upon aging are more remarkably inhibited. 相似文献
82.
Graphene Nanocomposites: Sandwich‐Type Nanocomposite of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Periodic Mesoporous Silica with Vertically Aligned Mesochannels of Tunable Pore Depth and Size (Adv. Funct. Mater. 47/2017)
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83.
适用于小型岩石试件的三轴压缩试验技术与设备的开发及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了用有限的岩石试样在室内进行大量的岩石力学试验测试,对直径10mm、长度20mm的小型岩石试件进行开发、制作。同时对S.Okubo等(2002)开发的透明围压容器进行改进,其围压可达10MPa左右。用此改进的试验设备对小型岩石试件进行三轴压缩试验。通过对田下凝灰岩的试验,由小型试件得到的力学参数——黏聚力和内摩擦角,与用常规试件获得的试验结果相一致。而且在载荷速率交替变换的试验中,用一个小型试件就可获得应力一应变曲线的载荷速率相关性。通过对三峡库区周边滑坡地带采集的岩石试样的测试,成功获得不同岩石的强度特性曲线及表示载荷速率相关性的参数。 相似文献
84.
Mercury contamination in the Yatsushiro Sea, south-western Japan: spatial variations of mercury in sediment 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Tomiyasu T Nagano A Yonehara N Sakamoto H Rifardi Oki K Akagi H 《The Science of the total environment》2000,257(2-3):121-132
Mercury-contaminated effluent was discharged into Minamata Bay from a chemical plant over a 20-year period until 1965 (from 1958 to 1959, effluent was discharged into Minamata River), causing Minamata disease. In an effort to characterize the extent of the contamination in the Yatsushiro Sea, the vertical and horizontal distributions of mercury in sediment were investigated. Sediment was sampled at 62 locations in the southern part of the sea from 4 to 6 March 1996. In the lower layers of the long cores of sediment, the total amount of mercury was at a relatively uniform low concentration. We interpret these low values to represent the background concentration absent of anthropogenic influence. The background value thus estimated for the Yatsushiro Sea was 0.059 +/- 0.013 mg kg(-1) (mean +/- S.D., n = 51). The highest concentration in each sample ranged from 0.086 to 3.46 mg kg(-1) (mean, 0.57 mg kg(-1)). The higher values were obtained at stations near Minamata Bay and the Minamata River (the sources of the pollution). Concentrations decreased with distance from the source. An inspection of the vertical profiles of mercury concentration in cores suggested that the deposited mercury had not been fixed in sediment but had been transported, despite 30 years having past since the last discharge of contaminated effluent. At nine stations, extractable inorganic and organic mercury concentrations were determined differentially. Inorganic mercury is the predominant species in sediment and organic mercury comprising approximately 1% of the total. 相似文献
85.
Kanou S Nishimura K Ichikawa M Yoshida J Sakata Y Otsuka M 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2008,34(7):771-780
In the presence of urea in solid states, the stability of unpulverized homosulfamine hydrate (phase I; UHH) is significantly decreased whereas that of unpulverized homosulfamine anhydrate (UHA) is not. The stability of UHH is decreased slightly more by pulverization (PHH). The major objective of this study was to investigate the effects of urea, dehydration, and pulverization on the stability of homosulfamine in solid states. Binary mixtures of UHH and urea, PHH and urea, and UHA and urea in a ratio of 1:1 (wt/wt) were prepared as physical mixtures and were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to study their appearance and structural changes before and after storage. PXRD analysis revealed that physical mixtures comprising UHH and urea and PHH and urea have the same diffraction pattern as that of the mixture of UHA and urea after preparation. The dehydration rate of the crystal water of UHH was accelerated by the presence of urea in addition to pulverization. Moreover, the PXRD patterns of the physical mixtures of UHH/urea and PHH/urea were significantly altered during storage, whereas that of UHA/urea was not, which was consistent with the SEM and FTIR results. The particle shape and appearance of UHH varied significantly as a result of pulverization. The stability of homosulfamine was influenced not only by the presence of urea and dehydration but also by the surface state and particle size of the crystalline form. 相似文献
86.
Satoshi Hasegawa Tetsunari Ebina Haruaki Tokuda Tatsuya Ito Nobumichi Nagano 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2016,53(9):1332-1341
The oxidation behavior of chromium and the corrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steel in boiling nitric acid solution containing highly concentrated nitrates were investigated using UV-visible spectroscopic measurements, Raman spectral measurements, immersion tests, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The oxidation rate measurement of chromium from Cr(III) to Cr(VI) was performed by 1 M boiling nitric acid solution containing each highly concentrated nitrates: Al(NO3)3, Nd(NO3)3, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, and NaNO3 as a simulant of uranium nitrate in uranium concentrator in reprocessing plants. As a result, the rate of chromium oxidation was different depending on the added nitrates even at the same nitric acid concentration. In addition, the oxidation rate of chromium was increased with increasing the calculated partial pressure of nitric acid in consideration of the hydration of cation of nitrates. Furthermore, the corrosion rate of type 310 stainless steel was accelerated by the solution having a high chromium oxidation rate containing nitrates. These results indicated that the acceleration of the corrosion rate in the solutions depending on the oxidation rate of chromium, and the rate is affected by the salt-effect of nitrates. 相似文献
87.
88.
Y. Yasutomi J. Sawada T. Kikuchi K. Nakamura Y. Manabe K. Nagano H. Kuroda T. Sumi H. Kubokawa M. Nagai H. Kogure Y. Sawai T. Kishi 《Journal of Materials Science》1999,34(7):1583-1593
Electrical power demands are increasing every year, meaning that lightweight electric cable is needed which has high transmission capacity, high thermal resistance and low sag. Tokyo Electric Power Co., Chubu Electric Power Co. and Hitachi Cable Ltd. have been breaking new ground in the field of electric cable through the development of a SiC fiber reinforced aluminum conductor. In this work, the SiC/Al interface reaction during the manufacturing process and the electricity transmission temperature were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and field emission-Auger electron spectroscopy (FE-AES) for long-term reliability assessment. No reaction products were detected at the SiC/Al interface of elemental wire consisting of 7 SiC/Al preformed wires, indicating that the wire manufacturing process was reliable. An Al4C3 product was detected locally at the SiC/Al interface of the wire which had been thermally treated in molten Al under unfavorable conditions. The activation energy, Q, of Al4C3 growth at the SiC/Al interface was about 190 kJ/mol. In the temperature range of electricity transmission, Al atoms diffused into SiC fiber during heat treatment, and the amount of the diffused Al increased with increasing treatment temperature and holding time. The activation energy of Al diffusion through the SiC/Al interface to SiC fiber was about 78 kJ/mol. Strength deterioration was not induced by Al diffusion into SiC fiber, but strength strongly depended on the formation of Al2SiO5 compound at the SiC/Al interface above 400°C transmission temperatures. Kinetics calculations indicated that the rate of strength deterioration of the composite cable, held at 300°C for 36 years, was about 5%, so that practical use of SiC/Al composite cable should not be far in the future. 相似文献
89.
Yoshifumi Nagano Akihiro Orita Junzo Otera 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2003,345(5):643-646
The high atom efficiency was achieved through addition of Ac2O in the Sc(OTf)3‐catalyzed allylation of aldehyde with tetraallytin in a 4 : 1 molar ratio. 相似文献
90.
Katsuji Shinohara Takashi Nagano Hiroki Arima W. Zaidi W. Mustafa 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2001,135(1):56-64
The vector control of induction motors is widely used. This method needs accurate motor parameter but the stator and rotor resistance vary due to motor temperature variation. If the value of resistance in the controller can be set up accurately at first, there must be a difference between the reference and real value of torque because of drift of the resistance. It is necessary to adapt the resistance value. The indirect field‐oriented control of an induction motor requires the value of rotor resistance only, but the direct field‐oriented control method with rotor flux observer requires the value of not only rotor resistance but also stator resistance in the controller. Consequently, it is necessary to adapt both stator resistance and rotor resistance. A parameter adaptation scheme has previously been proposed for the direct field‐oriented control method with rotor flux observer, but this method cannot be used when the motor is in regenerating operation. In this paper, a new stator and rotor resistance adaptation scheme is proposed, which can be applied when the motor is in regenerating operation. The usefulness of the proposed adaptation scheme is confirmed by simulation. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(1): 56–64, 2001 相似文献