Hirota方法在孤子方程中的应用

考虑了一个重要的孤子方程：（2＋1）-维Gardner方程,介绍了双线性算子的定义及其主要性质,通过适当的变量代换,将孤子方程化为双线性导数形式的微分方程.最后,从方程的双线性导数形式出发用摄动法得到了孤子方程的n-孤子解.     

基于结构光的凸凹字符采集与提取磁

针对凸凹字符对比度低边缘特征不稳定,光照不均匀及污损会影响凸凹字符的正确提取,提出了基于结构光的采集与提取方法。首先使用结构光对包含有凸凹字符的物体表面照射,凸凹字符会使结构光变形,相当于凸凹字符对结构光进行了相位调制。软件处理算法以傅立叶变换为核心,从获取的图像中获取载波,并对原图像进行滤波和解调运算提取出凸凹字符。实验结果表明,基于结构光的凸凹字符采集与提取方法算法简洁效率高,算法具有整体性,不易受噪声干扰,有较可靠性和可应用性。     

Frictional Properties of Sintered TiN-TiB2 and Ti(CN)-TiB2 Ceramics at High Temperature

The frictional properties of sintered TiN-TiB₂ and Ti(CN)-TiB₂ ceramics were investigated in air at temperatures up to 1073 K. Friction coefficients as low as 0.1 to 0.2 can be obtained at 973 to 1073 K because oxidation of TiB₂ produces a lubricating, glassy phase of boron oxide on the sliding surfaces.     

Adsorption and desorption properties of the chelating membranes prepared from the PE films

The chelating membranes for adsorption of metal ions were prepared by the photografting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto a polyethylene (PE) film and the subsequent modification of the resultant GMA‐grafted PE (PE‐g‐PGMA) films with disodium iminodiacetate in an aqueous solution of 55% DMSO at 80°C. The adsorption and desorption properties of the iminodiacetate (IDA) group‐appended PE‐g‐PGMA (IDA‐(PE‐g‐PGMA)) films to Cu²⁺ ions were investigated as functions of the grafted amount, pH value, Cu²⁺ ion concentration, and temperature. The amount of adsorbed Cu²⁺ ions increased with an increase in the pH value in the range of 1.0–5.0. The time required to reach the equilibrium adsorption decreased with an increase in the temperature, although the degree of adsorption stayed almost constant. The amount of Cu²⁺ ions desorbed from the (IDA‐(PE‐g‐PGMA)) films increased and the time required to reach the equilibrium desorption decreased with an increase in the HCl concentration. About 100% of Cu²⁺ ions were desorbed in the aqueous HCl solutions of more than 0.5M. The amounts of adsorbed and desorbed Cu²⁺ ions were almost the same in each cyclic process of adsorption in a CuCl₂ buffer at pH 5.0 and desorption in an aqueous 1.0M HCl solution. These results indicate that the IDA‐(PE‐g‐PGMA) films can be applied to a repeatedly generative chelating membrane for adsorption and desorption of metal ions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99:1895–1902, 2006     

Studies on selective adsorption resins. XXXIII. Behavior of macroreticular chelating resins containing phosphinic and/or phosphonic acid groups in the adsorption of trivalent lanthanides

The effect of the crosslinking and the porosity of the chelating resins containing phosphinic and/or phosphonic acid groups (RSP and RCSP) on uptake of trivalent lanthanides was studied; RSP and RCSP were prepared by hydrolysis of condensation products of phosphorus trichloride with styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer beads (RS) and with chloromethylated RS, respectively. From a series of RSs synthesized by systematically changing the amount of the crosslinker (divinylbenzene) or the porogen (2,2,4-trimethylpentane), RSPs and RCSPs with different degrees of crosslinking and with different porosities were derived. Measurements of their uptake of La(III), Gd(III), or Yb(III) have clarified that RSP and RCSP with moderately crosslinked highly porous structures exhibit high capacities toward the lanthanides. Using these optimized RSP and RCSP and their respective oxidized derivatives RSPO and RCSPO, the distribution of all lanthanides (III) except for Pm(III) from aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions (0.1–1M) was examined. The distribution of each lanthanide(III) at a given concentration of the acid increases in the order RCSPO ≈ RCSP < RSPO < RSP. Their lanthanide selectivity patterns resemble one another; the selectivity increases with increasing the atomic number of the lanthanides except for the elements from Sm to Ho. In order to illustrate usefulness of these resins in the separation of lanthanides, the chromatographic separation of La(III), Nd(III), and Sm(III) was conducted using columns packed with RCSP. The three lanthanides were successfully separated by the elution with 0.5M hydrochloric acid solution without use of any organic complexing reagents, such as EDTA. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Substituted thiobisphenols as antioxidants: Correlation between antioxidant activities and13C chemical shifts

The antioxidant activities of ten thiobisphenols were evaluated by an oxygen-absorption method at 60°C in tetralin and determination of peroxide values at 160°C in paraffin. For the 4,4′-thiobisphenols, alkyl groupsortho to the phenolic hydroxyl groups increased the induction period compared to that of other thiobisphenols for both oxidation of tetralin and paraffin. The data on electrochemical oxidation potentials that were determined by linear-sweep voltammetry and the¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts (δ) of these compounds were associated with antioxidant activities. In particular, the activities exhibited during the induction period closely correlated with the¹³C chemical shifts of ipso-carbon of the OH substituent.     

Natural rubber and butadiene rubber blend using diblock copolymer of isoprene–butadiene as compatibilizer

Blends of natural rubber (NR) and butadiene rubber (BR) have been studied with or without diblock copolymers of isoprene–butadiene (BIR). It was found that NR/BR blends displayed the optimal properties at about 4 wt % of BIR from the tensile measurements of NR/BR blends. Increase of molecular weight of BIR resulted in the decrease of tensile properties, but had no significant effect on their hardness. Abrasion resistance of rubber blends containing BIR was about 30% higher than that without BIR. The molecular weight of BIR did not show a remarkable effect on the abrasion index. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analyses of rubber blends suggested a two-phase structure even in the presence of BIR. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Analytical Model for Concrete Confined with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite

An analytical model to predict the behavior of concrete confined with fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites subjected to axial compressive loads was developed. First, a constitutive model for plain concrete was formulated from past experimental results obtained from triaxial compression tests of concrete, in which concrete specimens were maintained under constant confining stresses. This was an orthotropic constitutive model based on the concept of equivalent uniaxial strain. Subsequently, in the analytical model for FRP confined concrete, the proposed constitutive model for concrete materials was incorporated. The FRP was assumed to be a linear elastic material. Force equilibrium and strain compatibility between the concrete and the FRP as well were satisfied. When the proposed model was applied to FRP confined concrete, the model overestimated the axial stress. To rectify this, a subsequent maximum strength criterion was introduced to control the maximum strength in the postpeak region when confining stress was continuously increased. The proposed analytical model with the addition of the subsequent maximum strength criterion is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Effect of liquid film on decomposition of CFC-12 using dielectric barrier discharge

Dichloro-difluoro-methane (CFC-12) was decomposed with non-thermal plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge where one electrode was covered with liquid film which could provide oxidants such as OH and also absorb acid gases produced by the decomposition. The experimental results indicated that the conversion of CFC-12 and the selectivity of CO₂ were improved by the installation of the water film at low discharge voltage, however, the installation reduced the power efficiency for the decomposition. Sodium hydroxide solution enhanced the absorption of Cl and F produced by the decomposition, while the conversion of CFC-12 was not affected. The study concluded that the simultaneous decomposition of CFC-12 and recovery of the halogenous product could be achieved using dielectric barrier discharge with liquid film electrode.     

Enhanced cellular uptake of lactosomes using cell-penetrating peptides

Polymeric micelles that are composed of synthetic polymers are generally size controllable and can be easily modified for various applications. Lactosomes (A₃B-type) are biodegradable polymeric micelles composed of an amphipathic polymer, including three poly(sarcosine) blocks and a poly(l-lactic acid) block. Lactosomes accumulate in tumors in vivo through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, even on frequently administering them. However, lactosomes cannot be efficiently internalized by cells. To improve cellular uptake of lactosomes, cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-modified lactosomes were prepared. Seven CPPs (including EB1 and Pep1) were used, and most of them improved the cellular uptake efficiency of lactosomes. In particular, EB1- and Pep1-modified lactosomes were efficiently internalized by cells. In addition, by using CPP-modified and photosensitizer-loaded lactosomes, we demonstrated the photoinduced killing of mammalian cells, including human cancer cells. Accumulation of the EB1-modified lactosomes in NCI-N87 tumors was shown by in vivo imaging. Thus, this study demonstrated that the CPP-modified lactosome is a promising drug carrier.