Cube + Goss Textured Electrical Steels

After final annealing, the cube + Goss texture is stronger at the higher final thickness reduction. The annealing texture becomes stronger with the decreasing bulk sulfur content. At a fixed bulk sulfur content, the cube + Goss texture is well developed under a pure hydrogen atmosphere compared with a mixed-gas atmosphere. The excellent magnetic properties are obtained from the strip containing the bulk sulfur content of 6 ppm.     

Preliminary structural evaluations of the STAR-LM reactor vessel and the support design

In this paper, preliminary structural evaluations of the reactor vessel and support design of the STAR-LM (The Secure, Transportable, Autonomous Reactor – Liquid Metal variant), which is a lead-cooled reactor, are carried out with respect to an elevated temperature design and seismic design. For an elevated temperature design, the structural integrity of a direct coolant contact to the reactor vessel is investigated by using a detail structural analysis and the ASME-NH code rules. From the results of the structural analyses and the integrity evaluations, it was found that the design concept of a direct coolant contact to the reactor vessel cannot satisfy the ASME-NH rules for a given design condition. Therefore, a design modification with regards to the thermal barrier is introduced in the STAR-LM design. For a seismic design, detailed seismic time history response analyses for a reactor vessel with a consideration of a fluid–structure interaction are carried out for both a top support type and a bottom support type. And from the results of the hydrodynamic pressure responses, an investigation of the minimum thickness design of the reactor vessel is tentatively carried out by using the ASME design rules.     

Transplantation for end stage liver disease related to alpha 1 antitrypsin

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency (AT) is an autosomal recessive disease associated with chronic liver disease in adults and children and emphysema in adults. The disease is one of the most common inherited disorders of the Caucasian population of North Europe and North America and is the most common genetic reason for pediatric orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx), although it is a rare indication in adults. The natural history of the disease is unpredictable and the pathogenesis of the liver injury unclear. Thirty-five patients with histologically apparent alpha 1 AT accumulation in the liver (22 adults, 13 children) have been transplanted in this center. Clinical features were correlated with the pretransplant phenotype, serum alpha 1 antitrypsin levels and potential precipitating factors. All children were PiZZ homozygotes, most of whom had presented with neonatal hepatitis. The majority of adult patients were heterozygotes presenting with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. Current one-year posttransplant survival figures are 73% for adults and 87.5% for children. Replacement of the cirrhotic liver results in acquisition of the donor phenotype, a rise in serum levels of alpha 1 antitrypsin, and apparent prevention of associated disease.     

Actinoplanic acids A and B as novel inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase

Actinoplanic acids A and B are macrocyclic polycarboxylic acids that are potent reversible inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase. Actinoplanic acids A and B were isolated from Actinoplanes sp. MA 7066 while actinoplanic acid B was isolated from both MA 7066 and Streptomyces sp. MA 7099. Actinoplanic acids A and B are competitive with respect to farnesyl diphosphate and are selective inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase because they do not inhibit geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type 1 or squalene synthase. MA 7066 is believed to be a novel species of actinomycetes while MA 7099 is believed to be a novel strain of Streptomyces violaceusniger on the basis of morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics as well as its production of actinoplanic acids.     

The effects of cytotoxic entorhinal lesions and electrolytic medial septal lesions on the acquisition and retention of a spatial working memory task

This study assesses how social desirability affects responses in clinical self-report inventories. Six hundred items gathered from four normal personality questionnaires were adapted to devise a pre-experimental personality questionnaire (pre-EMHQ). Results obtained from administering Ko's Mental Health Questionnaire (KMHQ) and the pre-EMHQ to separate samples were the proportion of individuals answering "true" to each item (i.e., P(t)) and the social desirability scale value (i.e., SDSV) of each item. The Experimental Mental Health Questionnaire (EMHQ) was established from the pre-EMHQ by closely matching the P(t)s and the SDSVs of the two questionnaires. Administering the KMHQ and the EMHQ concurrently to another sample provided results for factor analysis and other statistical analyses. The SDSVs and the P(t)s for each of the KMHQ items certainly displayed a linearly increasing relation. The two sets of corresponding subscales also correlated significantly. By applying the polynomial regression analysis, the tendency to score might be expressed as a quadratic function of SDSVs. Two iterative principal-factor analyses of the two sets of subscales each resulted in two factors, and Factor 1 is similar in both the KMHQ and the EMHQ. In brief, social desirability plays a critical role in affecting responses in a clinical self-report inventory. The factors involved and suggestions proposed will be of value for further research.     

Cognitive interviewing procedures and suggestibility in children's recall

In this study the authors examine the effects of procedures adapted from the cognitive interview of R. E. Geiselman, R.P. Fisher, D.P. MacKinnon, and H.L. Holland (1985) on children's recall following exposure to misleading suggestions. Children aged 5-7 years and 9-11 years saw a videotaped story and were presented with misleading or neutral information concerning story details. All were later given free- and cued-recall tests preceded by standard interview instructions or instructions that reinstated the encoding context and encouraged exhaustive reporting. Increased recall accuracy was found following cognitive interview instructions. Both age groups were susceptible to misleading suggestions, but susceptibility was unaffected by interview type. The authors discuss the implications for interviewing child witnesses.     

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by batch and fed-batch cultivations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus megaterium</Emphasis> from acid-treated red algae

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are linear polyesters synthesized by microbial fermentation of various substrates. PHAs are accumulated in microbial cells in order to store carbon and energy for future use. We used acid-pre-treated red alga (Gelidium amansii) as a cheap, abundant carbon source to produce PHA via batch and fed-batch cultivation of Bacillus megaterium KCTC 2194. After acid treatment of 10% (w/v) G. amansii, 25.5 g/L galactose, 3.6 g/L glucose, 6 g/L 5-HMF, and 1.05 g/L levulinic acid were formed. In batch culture at pH 7, the dry cell weight (DCW) and PHA content increased to 5.5 g/L and 51.4%, respectively. The cell concentration was enhanced by fed-batch cultivation using two feeding strategies: pH-stat and intermittent feeding. When the pH-stat feeding strategy was employed to add concentrated hydrolysate to the fermentor, DCW increased to 8.2 g/L, with 53.2% PHA content. When concentrated hydrolysate was fed using the intermittent feeding strategy, higher DCW (10.1 g/L) was obtained, along with a slight increase of PHA content to 54.5%. This study demonstrates that red algae could be used after simple acid treatment, to produce PHA without steps for enzymatic hydrolysis and inhibitor removal.     

Anti-reflective nano- and micro-structures on 4H-SiC for photodiodes

In this study, nano-scale honeycomb-shaped structures with anti-reflection properties were successfully formed on SiC. The surface of 4H-SiC wafer after a conventional photolithography process was etched by inductively coupled plasma. We demonstrate that the reflection characteristic of the fabricated photodiodes has significantly reduced by 55% compared with the reference devices. As a result, the optical response I _illumination/I _dark of the 4H-SiC photodiodes were enhanced up to 178%, which can be ascribed primarily to the improved light trapping in the proposed nano-scale texturing.