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61.
The requirements on an object-oriented DBMS for management of information in a large, complex enterprise are presented. These requirements aid in the achievement of an environment characterized by data sharing, open architectures, application and data portability, and assurance of data integrity. They were defined from the point of view of a user of the DBMS; therefore they describe the expected functionality of the DBMS and do not specify the method of implementation to achieve this functionality. They encompass requirements on the data model, query and data manipulation languages, the system architecure, interfaces to the system, change management, and transaction management. 相似文献
62.
Timothy Thomasma Kurt Hilbrecht 《International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems》1991,3(3-4):231-250
Good methods are needed to specify, test, and debug material-handling control logic. This article surveys a number of representative methods for defining and describing control algorithms for programmable material-handling equipment used in flexible manufacturing systems. The methods are evaluated with regard to their suitability for communication between people and as bases for interfaces to automatic program generators. It is concluded that no single method is entirely satisfactory. Three methods (position diagrams, function block diagrams, and operation networks) have potential to be combined into an effective hybrid approach that minimizes the need for the user to switch between various conceptual models. 相似文献
63.
P. V. Zrelov V. V. Ivanov 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1991,310(3):623-630
The statistical method of identification of relativistic charged particles by measurements of ionization losses or time-of-flights simultaneously in some detectors of an experimental plant on the basis of the new goodness-of-fit ωn3-criterion is considered. The method proposed has been used for the secondary particles identification from the high energy -particles fragmentation on target nuclei. The efficiency of the method is excellently illustrated by reliable separation of events (rare events as well), connected with the appearence of 1- and 2-charged particles. The comparison of the ωn3-method with the traditional methods and with the method based on the ωn2-criterion shows that the new method outperforms the ωn2-method and most of the traditional ones in efficiency, but compares unfavourably with the likelihood method in power, however, the former has a number of advantages as compared with the latter. 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
超低密度硬胶极压型油包水乳化钻井液在广安002-H9井的应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
在超低密度钻井液的使用方面,传统的油基钻井液和油包水钻井液存在易着火、安全性差的问题,而最近使用的美国3M公司的中空玻璃微珠聚磺钻井液又存在固控困难、钻井液费用很高等难题。为此,从选择合适的润湿反转剂和阻燃剂入手,在室内对获得的超低密度硬胶极压型油包水乳化钻井液成果配方进行了全面评价,并应用在广安002 H9井水平段欠平衡钻井中取得了良好效果。室内研究与现场应用表明,超低密度硬胶极压型油包水乳化钻井液能够很好地满足广安构造水平井段欠平衡钻井的需要。该钻井液体系具有防塌、润滑、携砂能力强,密度容易控制,钻井液单位成本合理并可重复使用,安全性好等显著特点,适合在类似广安构造的水平井段中推广应用。 相似文献
67.
Analytical expressions involving both system parameters and step-size are proposed to represent the local simulation error for the symmetrized split-step Fourier (SSSF) simulation method. This analytical expression can be used for a step-size selection rule to achieve comparable local simulation accuracy for SSSF simulations. This can lead to computational savings since there is no waste of computation in each simulation step. Furthermore, based on the local error expression, scaling rules are derived to achieve comparable global simulation accuracy for wide ranges of key system parameter values. This is significant in enhancing the computational efficiency in optical fiber communication system design and optimization. Extensive validation tests were performed to explore the application range of the proposed step-size selection and scaling rules. The desired global accuracy can be achieved with the use of our local error expression and scaling rules by only a couple of test trial simulation runs for a variety of practical applications. 相似文献
68.
69.
This paper examines Total Quality Management (TQM) as defined by Dr. W. Edwards Deming including Deming's fourteen points and explains how the United States' Department of Defense (DOD) defines TQM and why TQM is necessary. It also covers how the DOD is planning on implementing TQM and the policy that has been established as guidance in the implementation process. 相似文献
70.
A crack-tip screening analysis of cleavage fracture of steel is developed. The analysis incorporates evidence that reinitiation
of an arrested cleavage crack requires less stress intensity than cleavage initiation from a fatigue precrack. Fractographic
evidence as well as metallographic sectioning of arrested cracks have previously shown that the mechanism of rapid crack propagation
by cleavage is affected strongly by partial crack-plane deflection which leaves unbroken ligaments in its wake. The tearing
of these ligaments by dimple rupture is the dominant energy-absorbing mechanism. Earlier etch-pit experiments using an Fe-Si
alloy showed that the crack-tip stress intensity based on plastic zone size is extremely low. These observations are incorporated
into a model in which cleavage crack reinitiation is analyzed using a sharp crack that is shielded by a distribution of pinching
forces along its faces. During reloading of the arrested crack, the ligaments restrict crack-tip blunting, leading to higher
local stresses. As a result, lower stress intensities are needed for reinitiation than for initiation from a fatigue precrack. 相似文献