Treatment of wastewater from synthetic textile industry by electrocoagulation–electrooxidation

Treatment of wastewater from a textile industry that produces synthetic polyester cloths was studied employing electrochemical techniques. The sample was initially subjected to electrocoagulation to remove suspended solids. Mild steel and aluminum electrodes were tried as anodes; and aluminum was found to be effective for the removal of suspended solids. Using aluminum as anode, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the effluent which was initially at the level of 1316 mg L⁻¹ could be reduced to 429 mg L⁻¹ by electrocoagulation. After electrocoagulation, the effluent was further subjected to electrooxidation using graphite and RuO₂/IrO₂/TaO₂ coated titanium as anodes. During the electrooxidation tests, both COD and chloride ion were simultaneously estimated; and the effect of Cl⁻ ion is discussed. The measurements have revealed the depletion of Cl⁻ ion concentration implying the generation of free chlorine during electrooxidation. The depletion of Cl⁻ ion concentration and the COD removal were observed to be comparatively high in the presence of graphite electrode. The effects of electrode materials and current density on COD removal are discussed. The instantaneous current efficiency (ICE), mass transfer coefficient and energy consumption were estimated.     

Reliable service availability and access control method for cloud assisted IOT communications

Wireless Networks - Information access and retrieval from cloud resources in an Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is a challenging task due to synchronization and availability issues. IoT devices...     

Monoclinic zirconium oxide nanostructures synthesized by a hydrothermal route

Zirconium oxide (ZrO(2)) nanostructures were synthesized by a hydrothermal route. Surface morphology analysis depicts the formation of rice-grain-like and fiber-like ZrO(2) nanostructures at different synthesis conditions. The structural analysis confirms that the as-synthesized ZrO(2) product is of pure monoclinic phase (m-ZrO(2)). The clear and equally spaced lattice fringes in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images and discrete spot pattern of selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirm the high quality of the synthesized product. The product consists of monodispersed nanoparticles of uniform composition, high purity, and crystallinity. The Raman spectra are quantitatively analyzed and the observed peaks are attributed to various vibration modes of m-ZrO(2).     

Quasi Oppositional Dragonfly Algorithm for Load Balancing in Cloud Computing Environment

Wireless Personal Communications - In cloud computing (CC), load balancing tasks remain a critical problem in distributing resources from a data center. Ensure that every virtual machine (VM) has a...     

MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR DELAMINATION IN DRILLING GLASS FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC (GFRP) COMPOSITES

Glass fiber-reinforced composite materials are used in varieties of applications due to their excellent properties. Drilling is an indispensable process for this kind of materials. Delamination due to drilling is an important concern and is to be reduced. In the present work, drilling tests were carried out on computer numeric control (CNC) drilling machine. The parameters considered for the drilling investigations were spindle speed, feed rate and diameter of the drill bits. Multiple regression analysis is used for the modeling of process parameters in drilling of GFRP composites. Taguchi's S/N ratio analysis and desirability-based approach are used for the optimization of process parameters for studying the delamination in drilling of GFRP composites. The results revealed that the factor feed rate and drill diameter are the most influential parameters which affects the delamination in drilling of GFRP composites. The interaction between the parameters also affects the delamination in drilling of GFRP composites.     

Sanitizing effect of salts on experimentally inoculated organisms on pork carcasses

Pork forequarters procured from freshly slaughtered animals were decontaminated with hot water and inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. The forequarters were individually spray washed with 5% potassium sorbate and a combination of 5% sodium chloride and 2.5% each of sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium lactate and potassium sorbate solutions. The total viable count (TVC) of the treated meat samples was reduced by 0.96 and 1.31 log units by spraying with salt and salt combination respectively with marginal changes in colour and odour scores. Inoculated organisms were found to be highly sensitive to salt combination treatment as compared to potassium sorbate alone. Shelf-life of salt and salt combination treated samples was increased to 8 and 11 days as against 4 days in untreated samples. Carcass washing with salt and salt combination was found to be suitable for extension of shelf-life and improvement in the sensory and microbiological quality of meat.     

A novel method for synthesis of polypyrrole grafted chitin

In this paper we report the grafting of polypyrrole (PPy) on to a biopolymer, chitin. Polypyrrole is chemically grafted onto chitin by using ammonium peroxydisulphate (APS) initiator, in the presence of 1 M HCl. The effects of concentration of polypyrrole on graft copolymer are studied by determining the grafting percentage. Grafting of polymer is further verified by dissolution studies. Grafted polymer samples are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis absorption spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and conductivity studies. Mechanism of grafting has been proposed on the basis of experimental results.     

Fe-only hydrogenase active site mimics: Fe2(CO)6(μ-ADT) (ADT = azadithiolate) clusters bearing pendant 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine domains and containing alkynylthienylene or alkynylphenylene spacers

We report the syntheses and single crystal structures of two Fe₂(CO)₆(μ-ADT) (ADT = azadithiolate) clusters bearing pendant tpy (tpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) domains and containing alkynylthienylene or alkynylphenylene spacers between the Fe-only hydrogenase active site mimic and tpy metal-binding unit.