Some q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic aggregation operators and their application to multiple attribute group decision making

q-Rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs), originally presented by Yager, are a powerful fuzzy information representation model, which generalize the classical intuitionistic fuzzy sets and Pythagorean fuzzy sets and provide more freedom and choice for decision makers (DMs) by allowing the sum of the $q\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}$ power of the membership and the $q\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}$ power of the nonmembership to be less than or equal to 1. In this paper, a new class of fuzzy sets called q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic sets (q-ROULSs) based on the q-ROFSs and uncertain linguistic variables (ULVs) is proposed, and this can describe the qualitative assessment of DMs and provide them more freedom in reflecting their belief about allowable membership grades. On the basis of the proposed operational rules and comparison method of q-ROULSs, several q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic aggregation operators are developed, including the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic weighted arithmetic average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic ordered weighted average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic hybrid weighted average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic weighted geometric average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geometric operator, and the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic hybrid weighted geometric operator. Then, some desirable properties and special cases of these new operators are also investigated and studied, in particular, some existing intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators and Pythagorean fuzzy aggregation operators are proved to be special cases of these new operators. Furthermore, based on these proposed operators, we develop an approach to solve the multiple attribute group decision making problems, in which the evaluation information is expressed as q-rung orthopair ULVs. Finally, we provide several examples to illustrate the specific decision-making steps and explain the validity and feasibility of two methods by comparing with other methods.     

Plasmonic coupling-enhanced in situ photothermal nanoreactor with shape selective catalysis for C-C coupling reaction

Carbon-carbon (C-C) coupling reactions represent one of the most powerful tools for the synthesis of complex natural products, bioactive molecules developed as drugs and agrochemicals. In this work, a multifunctional nanoreactor for C-C coupling reaction was successfully fabricated via encapsulating the core-shell Cu@Ni nanocubes into ZIF-8 (Cu@Ni@ZIF-8). In this nanoreactor, Ni shell of the core-shell Cu@Ni nanocubes was the catalytical active center, and Cu core was in situ heating source for the catalyst by absorbing the visible light. Moreover, benefiting from the plasmonic resonance effect between Cu@Ni nanocubes encapsulated in ZIF-8, the absorption range of nanoreactor was widened and the utilization rate of visible light was enhanced. Most importantly, the microporous structure of ZIF-8 provided shape-selective of reactant. This composite was used for the highly shape-selective and stable photocatalysed C-C coupling reaction of boric acid under visible light irradiation. After five cycles, the nanoreactor still remained high catalytical activity. This Cu@Ni@ZIF-8 nanoreactor opens a way for photocatalytic C-C coupling reactions with shape-selectivity.

     

The influence of cryogenic rolling on a transformation-induced plasticity steel

ABSTRACT

Here, a novel cryogenic rolling plus intercritical annealing process was applied to a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel with a low chemical composition of carbon and manganese. Compared with traditional cold rolling, obvious grain refinement was observed, due to a high amount of dislocations retained. In addition, austenite volume fraction was increased, because of a unique nucleation mechanism. Subjected to cryogenic rolling, strength and ductility were increased, due to the enhanced austenite stability, which provided continuous and active TRIP effect. Consequently, tensile strength was increased to 1030?MPa, and elongation was increased to 38.2%. Thus, a great mechanical combination was obtained in a steel with a relatively low chemical composition with carbon and manganese, only by cryogenic rolling process.     

Effects of Agaricus bisporus on gel properties of chicken myofibrillar protein

The gel-forming ability of myofibrillar protein (MP) is highly correlated with the characteristics of emulsified meat products. Incorporation of Agaricus bisporus (Ab) powder into MP gels may enhance its gel properties to facilitate the development of a novel and safe meat product. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Ab powder on gel strength, water holding capacity (WHC), texture, rheological behaviour, LF-NMR spin–spin relaxation (T₂), microstructure and protein secondary structure of the MP gel system. The results indicated that the gel strength, WHC, G' value and G" value were significantly improved when the addition of Ab powder increased from 0% to 6% (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the T₂ relaxation time was shortened, and free water was transformed into immobilised water. The texture of the gel was improved when 1%–4% Ab powder was added compared to the control. Furthermore, Ab filled in the gel network and promoted the unfolding of MP α-helix and the formation of MP β-sheet during the thermal denaturation of MP, leading to a dense aggregated network structure. The study suggested that Ab could be a promising ingredient in improving chicken MP's gel properties and developing fat-reduced meat products.     

基于热力学的自然风压分析方法

从热力学的角度出发，考虑巷道热力因素对风流的影响，导出自然风压的计算方法。     

Sicherheit der Rohstoffversorgung unter dem Aspekt der nachhaltigen Entwicklung

The security of future supply with natural resources has to comply with objectives towards a sustainable and responsible development. Resources from the geosphere and recycling material from the technosphere may be grouped in a hierarchy the top of which is made up by fossil energy raw materials and of resources from occurrences which were formed by enrichment processes. The base of the hierarchy is made up by bulk raw materials which occur in unlimited amounts in the crust of the Earth and in the sea water and by waste and residues as potential raw materials. Optimising the efficiency of raw materials takes place if material from a lower level substitutes material from a higher level. Highest efficiency is reached if fossil energy from the top of the hierarchy is substituted or consumption is reduced.     

石膏矿山顶板破坏机理探讨

近几年来，国内的石膏矿山中，大规模采空区顶板冒落事故频繁发生。目前，对于石膏矿山大规模顶板冒落发生机理研究的还很少。根据近几年对石膏矿山的现场调查，结合岩体力学的相关理论和数值模拟技术，得出石膏矿采场顶板冒落及大规模采空区顶板冒落主要是由于石膏矿柱流变特性使其强度变低及随着采区的扩大，石膏矿柱应力增大等而引起的。     

膨胀石墨的尺寸效应及其对油吸附的影响

用不同粒度的石墨在相同条件下酸化、高温膨胀，可获得膨胀倍数不同的膨胀石墨。通过扫描电镜及X射线衍射等观察膨胀石墨结构，证实在生产条件如酸氧化工艺、膨胀温度等相同时，鳞片石墨的粒度越大则膨胀倍数越高，对油的吸附性能越好。