抽采井对咸水层CCS技术潜在影响的初步探讨

咸水层CCS技术作为重要碳减排措施,可在短时间内显著减少大气中CO2的含量。CO2注入储层后,孔隙压力、CO2分布特征和储层碳封存量大小是安全有效开展该技术的决定因素。针对鄂尔多斯盆地咸水层CCS技术示范项目的地质条件,采用数值模拟的方法对比了该技术在布置抽采井与不布置抽采井下储层孔隙压力、CO2分布、注入井中CO2注入速率以及储层碳累积封存量上的差异。结果显示,布置抽采井相比于不布置抽采井可在显著提高储层碳累积封存量的同时缓解因CO2注入而导致储层压力的持续增加。     

油气储层裂缝描述综述

随着勘探程度的提高,裂缝型油气藏在新增储量中将会占有更大的比重,储层裂缝的研究日益受到重视。在大量文献调研的基础上,研究了国内外关于储层裂缝描述研究的现状以及存在的问题,分析论述了相似露头区描述、岩心镜下观测、人工压裂实验等目前储层裂缝描述的主要技术方法,简要总结了储层裂缝的特征分类、成因以及对后期开发注水的影响。     

丁苯橡胶凝聚釜搅拌器的优化改进

针对丁苯橡胶装置100 m3凝聚釜在运行中存在的搅拌效果不理想、釜内液面容易积胶、搅拌轴摆动大、中间轴承易磨损、调节拉杆易断裂等不足之处,提出了搅拌器改造方案。搅拌器采用CBY桨叶,取消中间轴承和调节拉杆,增大搅拌轴直径。这次改造满足了生产需要,改善了搅拌器搅拌效果,解决了搅拌器故障,延长了凝聚釜使用周期。     

注蒸汽稠油油藏汽窜防治技术

对稠油油藏注蒸汽过程中的汽窜现象、危害及产生原因等进行了调研,对注蒸汽油藏汽防治技术进行了深入探讨。分析指出,汽窜井的补救措施只能延长生产井的寿命,对汽窜的控制效果不大,不能提高蒸汽波及体积;为控制注蒸汽油藏的汽窜,应采用低廉的高温调剖剂进行中、深部调驱,以提高蒸汽驱动的纵向、平面波及系数,继而提高注蒸汽采收率。     

pH对电沉积氧化亚铜薄膜的影响及光催化性能

以导电玻璃为阴极,在不同pH下,从含有0.083mol/LCu(CH3COO)2·H2O、0.22mol/L乳酸的电解液中电沉积合成Cu2O薄膜。研究了电解液pH对Cu2O薄膜晶体择优取向和形貌的影响。结果表明,通过调节电解液pH可合成不同择优取向和形貌的Cu2O薄膜,在pH为7～13内合成的Cu2O薄膜均具有较好的光吸收性。pH=11时,可制得具有(111)取向、结合力强、光催化活性高和稳定性好的Cu2O薄膜。Cu2O薄膜的晶面类型对薄膜催化能力有较大影响,(111)择优取向的Cu2O薄膜的光催化活性最高,反应2.5h后罗丹明B的降解率可达63%。     

含新型有机硅缓蚀剂的制备及性能研究

为了研究缓蚀剂组分及添加条件对发射药性的影响,设计并制备了一种含新型有机硅的缓蚀剂材料;采用烧蚀管法,对比石蜡+TiO2型缓蚀剂,研究了新型有机硅缓蚀剂的静态降烧蚀效果;采用密闭爆发器研究了不同缓蚀剂添加条件对高能硝胺发射药点火和燃烧性能的影响;采用14.5mm弹道枪和壁温测试装置,研究不同缓蚀剂添加条件对膛壁温度、内弹道性能和枪口烟雾的影响。结果表明,采用含新型有机硅的缓蚀剂,降烧蚀效果更为显著;随着缓蚀剂添加量的增加,压力峰值、弹丸初速也会产生小幅下降,但总体影响幅度较小;添加缓蚀剂后,射击过程膛壁峰值温度显著下降,下降幅度随着缓蚀剂添加量的增加而增加,在缓蚀剂质量分数为3%时,对身管壁温降低幅度可达17.1%,且产生的枪口烟雾量较少;在缓蚀剂质量分数为5%时,缓蚀剂添加过量,枪口产生较大烟雾。该缓蚀剂及添加条件有望应用于低烧蚀发射药配方中。     

Amine-based solvent for CO2 absorption and its impact on carbon steel corrosion: A perspective review

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is one of the commonly emitted gaseous by-products in industrial processes. While CO₂ gas is the main cause to greenhouse effect, various CO₂ capture technologies have been proposed and implemented to sequester the CO₂ before the waste gases being released into the atmosphere. One of the mature technologies for CO₂ absorption is by using amine-based solvents. In this regard, different single amine solvents or blended amine solvents have been proven for their capability to remove CO₂. However, the dissolution and reaction of CO₂ gas with the amine solvents turn the solution corrosive. Such phenomenon is undesired as it posts corrosion problem to the absorption column, which normally built of carbon steel material. Henceforth, understanding the behaviour of different amine-based solvents in absorbing CO₂ and its subsequent impact on carbon steel corrosion is very significant. In this review article, we will outline some of the more commonly used solvents and their respective advantages and disadvantages, motivating further investigation into the corrosion tendency. Meanwhile, existing gaps in this research area are discussed for future investigation.     

一种新型聚酯钝感剂在发射药中的应用

采用水相钝感法工艺制备了含新型聚酯钝感剂的单基药和高能硝胺发射药,通过常规理化性能测试、密闭爆发器和加速长贮等实验研究了聚酯钝感剂对两种发射药性能的影响。结果表明,聚酯钝感剂与单基药和高能硝胺药相容性良好,具有挥发性小、抗迁移性能强等优点,能够显著提高单基药的燃烧渐增性;含聚酯钝感剂的发射药加速老化长贮实验前后,初速跳差小于10m/s,其内弹道性能几乎无变化。     

在铜基催化剂上富丁二烯Ｃ４馏份选择加氢除炔

研究了催化剂活性组份和工艺条件对铜基富丁二烯Ｃ_４馏份选择加氢除炔催化剂性能的影响,考察了该催化剂的稳定性。结果表明,该催化剂能将Ｃ_４馏份中的乙烯基乙炔降至１ｐｐｍ以下,同时,1,3-丁二烯的损失低于0.5%,其稳定性近500 ｈ。     

Pd/C catalytic cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins for synthesis of high-energy-density strained fuels

Cyclopropane derivates are appealing to synthesis of high-energy-density fuels because of the high strained energy of the three-numbered ring. The catalytic cyclopropanation of olefin with diazomethane is very effective to construct the carbocycle. The majority of the catalysts employed are nonrecyclable homogeneous compounds. Herein, we report cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins catalyzed by heterogeneous Pd/C. The optimal cyclopropanation conditions were explored utilizing dicyclopentadiene as model substrate and a series of polycyclic olefins were cyclopropanated with high yield. Additionally, the catalyst has good recyclability and stability, as shown by characterizations as well as the fact that no inactivation happens after cyclopropanation. The synthesized cyclopropane derivates exhibit good fuel characteristics like high density (1.006–1.087 g/cm³), high volumetric net heat of combustion (42.58–46.45 kJ/cm³), good low-temperature and combustion performance. This work shows industrial potential for cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins with diazomethane.