应对气候变化的公共空间设计

【目的】在过去几十年,气候变化达到了前所未有的水平。因此,需要加快步伐,以系统性和可持续的方式为即将到来的变化做好准备。曼谷的快速城市化导致绿地和水系减少,这加剧了洪水的威胁,继而使城市远离了能应对气候变化问题的资源。因此,建议结合风景园林知识中传统的适应性措施与基于自然的解决方案,以应对日益增加的挑战。【方法/过程】至关重要的是,城市重视绿色基础设施（GI）和绿色空间的投资,以有效地从自然中获益。利用废弃土地开发绿色空间成为解决城市问题的机会。通过we!park 平台,将废弃空间开发成公共绿地,其重点是增加使用的机会,而不仅仅是增加绿地的面积。设计过程涉及所有相关部门的利益相关者,以共同实现高质量和可持续的绿色公共空间。【结果/结论】绿地建设不需要占用大量的土地,但其应具备可达性和安全性。公众参与设计过程能使绿地更好地响应社区需求,同时也使绿地更加易于维护。绿地建设是城市应对气候变化的关键部分。废弃区域可成为发展的机遇;通过协作、知识、资金和政策的结合来创造商机,促进健康和福祉,保护环境。     

EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON SOFTENING CHANGES AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES DURING RIPENING OF PAPAYA FRUIT

The aim of this work was to study the role of cell wall and ethylene related enzymes to papaya fruit firmness. Irradiation treatment was used as an imposed stress to cause changes in firmness. Physiologically mature papaya fruits were irradiated (500 Gy) and allowed to ripen at 22C and 90% RH. Polygalacturo‐nase (PG), pectinmethylesterase (PME), βgalactosidase, cellulose and 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate oxidase (ACC‐oxidase) activities were followed during ripening and correlated to changes in firmness, skin and pulp color, respiration and ethylene production. The firmness of irradiated fruits was retained at least 2 days longer than in normal fruits and also had a slower rate of softening. Total soluble solids (d?Brix), cellulase activity and ethylene production were not altered by irradiation treatment. The activity patterns of PG, PME and β‐galactosidase were related to pulp softening and affected by irradiation. ACC‐oxidase activity was influenced by irradiation treatment, but its changes were not temporally related to those in firmness. It was concluded that irradiation had no direct effect on firmness but it acted by altering the ripening induced synthesis of cell wall enzymes, mainly PME.     

果胶-壳聚糖聚合物在药物释放系统中的应用进展

介绍了果胶-壳聚糖聚合物的研究情况,以及果胶-壳聚糖聚合物在口服药物释放系统中的应用研究,主要研究形态为水凝胶、复合膜、微粒、包衣和片剂,最后提出新的研究方向。     

ETHICS MATTER: THE MORALITY AND JUSTICE PRINCIPLES OF ELECTED CITY OFFICIALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON URBAN ISSUES

ABSTRACT: This article pursues the thesis that ethics matter in urban policymaking. Interviews with 95 elected officials in 12 cities revealed the officials' support for—and opposition to—many principles of political morality and political justice. Officials regarded their ethical principles as almost as important as economic constraints on their policy decisions, and much more important than political, legal, jurisdictional, and cultural considerations. The role of ethics in the resolution of 93 issues that arose in their communities varied from minimal to decisive. On some occasions ethical considerations served mainly as justifications for policy decisions made primarily on other grounds. But more often, significant numbers of officials drew largely, and even primarily, on their own moral judgments when casting their votes on community issues. And some policies were driven by consensual moral understandings.     

A CHOLESTEROL AND SUCROSE RICH DIET PROMOTES LIPOPROTEIN PEROXIDATION AND IMPAIRS INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN RATS

The effects of a diet rich in cholesterol and sucrose on lipoprotein peroxidation and insulin sensitivity were studied in rats. The protective role of fish oil dietary supplementation, both alone and associated with antioxidants, was also investigated. Four groups of 6 male rats were treated for 4 weeks with a standard diet, rich in cholesterol and sucrose (atherogenic diet), atherogenic diet plus fish oil and atherogenic diet plus fish oil enriched in polycosanols, terpenes and antioxidants. Atherogenic diet induced a significant increase in plasma concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and atherogenic index; moreover, it significantly enhanced the susceptibility of lipoproteins to peroxidation and the resistance to insulin. Dietary integration with fish oil limited the development of the above risk factors, the association with polycosanols, terpenes and antioxidants being more efficacious than fish oil alone.     

Politics of the Light Object: Transformative Architectural Installations

The research, built work and design seminar entitled "The Politics of the Object: Transformative Public and Cultural Landscapes" examined the critical history of a 150-year old open air market in a dense urban area of Hong Kong. This culminated in a series of built installations that used light as a critical design medium to engage the public on urban renewal issues and questions of rapid development in Hong Kong. This ongoing educational initiative aimed to encourage debate about the issues of planned development and the neighborhood's preservation of cultural values.     

RESIDUAL PECTINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN DEHYDRATED ONION AND GARLIC PRODUCTS

During the dehydration of onion and garlic products, use of high temperatures is undesirable due to the potential loss of aroma and flavor characteristics. As a consequence, residual pectinesterase (PE) activity may be found in these dehydrated spices. This study reports the presence of PE activity in raw onions and in dehydrated onion and garlic products. Pectinesterase activity is higher in the raw onion stem disks, and dehydrated products made from this tissue, than in the bulbs. Dehydrated onion products induced gelation of citrus pectin solutions and tomato purees. Although some inactivation of PE in dehydrated onion water suspensions and extracts was observed after 10 min at 50C, complete inactivation required 2 min at 82C. Commercial dehydration operations may require reevaluation to eliminate residual PE activity in dehydrated onion and garlic products.     

仿金属幕墙涂装材料的选择与施工

介绍仿金属幕墙涂装在建筑外墙装饰中的特性和质量通病,对面漆、底漆和腻子等各层涂装材料的选择及其对涂装工程质量的影响进行探讨,并介绍仿金属幕墙涂装的施工工艺.     

k-Dimensional hashing scheme for hard disk integrity verification in computer forensics

Verifying the integrity of a hard disk is an important concern in computer forensics,as the law enforcement party needs to confirm that the data inside the hard disk have not been modified during the i...     

Ti_3X相析出的电子浓度规律

在过去工作的基础上,进一步研究了 Ti-Al-Ge,Ti-Al-In,Ti-Al-Hf 及了 Ti-Al-Ta 四个三元系中 Ti_3X 相析出的电子浓度规律。实验结果表明,在含 Ge,In,Hf 及 Ta 的 Ti-Al 固溶体中,Ti_3X 相的形成仍遵循电子浓度规律,其特征电子浓度(?)=ΣNf_i=2.12。参与合金化的价电子是由合金元素的电子结构决定的,对于非过渡元素 In,Ge 的价电子数为 s+p 电子,即 N_(In)=3(s~2p~1),N_(Ge)e=4(s~2p~2),而过渡族元素 Hf 及 Ta 的价电子数是2,即 N_(Hf)=N_(Ta)=2。