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101.
Gang Guo Guangli Liu Karsten E. Thompson 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2003,190(12):1641-1660
Many engineering problems require the estimation of mass transfer coefficients in porous materials. In heterogeneous materials or in cases where mass transfer sites are not spatially uniform, empirical equations for mass transfer coefficients vary widely, and the origin of these differences is not well understood. In this article, we use a stochastic algorithm to model mass transfer from single particles in a two-dimensional heterogeneous packed bed. The computed mass transfer coefficients are used to generate a distribution of local Peclet numbers in the bed. Detailed hydrodynamics are then used to interpret variations in the local Peclet number. The results show clear relationships between pore structure, streamline patterns, and mass transfer rates. 相似文献
102.
103.
Stability of TCP/RED systems in AQM routers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Liansheng Tan Wei Zhang Gang Peng Guanrong Chen 《Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on》2006,51(8):1393-1398
By applying the time-delay control theory to a TCP/RED dynamic model, this note establishes some explicit conditions under which the TCP/RED system is stable in terms of the average queue length. Then, the stability region is discussed. Finally, the results are illustrated by using ns2 simulations, which demonstrates that it is able to choose an appropriate control parameter max/sub p/ of RED based on the stability conditions derived in this note, to achieve satisfactory network performance. It is found, by comparison, that this improved performance is better than that of three other typical active queue management (AQM) schemes-the random exponential marking (REM), proportional-integral (PI) controller, and adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) schemes. 相似文献
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108.
介绍了养马岛大桥钢管拱肋支撑架的设计与施工,从设计方案的比选、施工技术等方面进行了论述,指出该桥使用此种支架施工,保证了质量,降低了成本。 相似文献
109.
MI Verkhovsky JE Morgan A Puustein M Wikstr?m 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,380(6571):268-270
Cell respiration in eukaryotes is catalysed by mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. In bacteria there are many variants of this enzyme, all of which have a binuclear haem iron-copper centre at which O2 reduction occurs, and a low-spin haem, which serves as the immediate electron donor to this centre. It is essential that the components of the cell respiratory system have a high affinity for oxygen because of the low concentration of dissolved O2 in the tissues; however, the binding of O2 to the respiratory haem-copper oxidases is very weak. This paradox has been attributed to kinetic trapping during fast reaction of O2 bound within the enzyme's binuclear haem iron-copper centre. Our earlier work indicated that electron transfer from the low-spin haem to the oxygen-bound nuclear centre may be necessary for such kinetic oxygen trapping. Here we show that specific decrease of the haem-haem electron transfer rate in the respiratory haem-copper oxidase from Escherichia coli leads to a corresponding decrease in the enzyme's operational steady-state affinity for O2. This demonstrates directly that fast electron transfer between the haem groups is a key process in achieving the high affinity for oxygen in cell respiration. 相似文献
110.
The clinical presentation, electrocardiographic findings, and technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging results of 134 consecutive patients who underwent nuclear exercise testing within 14 days of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were correlated with cardiac events over a 15 +/- 10-month follow-up. Whereas only 23 patients (17%) had chest pain and 31 (23%) had ischemic ST-segment depression during exercise, 94 (70%) had ischemia on SPECT (p < 0.001). On follow-up, 13 patients experienced a cardiac event: 7 were rehospitalized for unstable angina, 3 had recurrent AMI, and 3 died of cardiac causes. Ischemia on the sestamibi images identified 11 of these patients (85%), whereas chest pain identified only 3 (23%, p = 0.006), and electrocardiographic ischemia identified only 4 (31%, p = 0.017). The presence of either ischemia as seen on SPECT or defects in multiple vascular territories identified 12 patients (92%) with an event, including all who had cardiac death. By Cox regression analysis of clinical, stress, and image parameters, the number of ischemic defects on SPECT was the only significant correlate of a future event (chi-square = 4.62, p = 0.03), and patients with > or = 3 reversible sestamibi defects had an event rate of 38%. The extent of ischemia as seen on nuclear imaging remained a strong correlate (p = 0.008) of an event in the 54 patients (40%) who had received thrombolytic therapy. Thus, exercise technetium-99m sestamibi SPECT after AMI frequently reveals residual ischemia, and is better than clinical data, symptoms, and stress electrocardiographic data in identifying patients who will have a subsequent cardiac event. 相似文献