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41.
Our emphasis in this paper has been on the knowledge-based and cognitive issues pertinent for improved interactions between workers and manufacturing computer systems. We believe that these techniques are as necessary and applicable to manufacturing as to any other vocation, especially as the difference in collar color of shop people becomes less noticeable in their increasing role as knowledge workers. 相似文献
42.
MR Workman PG Wall P Tearle M O'Mahony WA Brunton 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,5(4):R54-R56
In microbiology laboratories highly infectious material is handled alongside complex and potentially dangerous equipment, and staff are therefore at risk of infections and accidents. Acts of parliament and regulations exist to protect staff in the workplace, including those exposed to biological agents. The current monitoring of health and safety in laboratories seeks to ensure that employers and employees comply with existing regulations, but this form of passive surveillance is of limited value because it does not highlight shortcomings in techniques, equipment, premises, or personnel. We propose a scheme for the surveillance of health and safety in microbiology laboratories that will actively seek information about laboratory incidents and practices, in order to enable appropriate preventive measures to be instituted. 相似文献
43.
44.
Matthew N. Ashby Patrick R. Errada Victor L. Boyartchuk Jasper Rine 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1993,9(8):907-913
We isolated a mutant defective in C-terminal farnesyl cysteine:carboxyl methyltransferase activity from a screen for mutations causing a -specific sterility. A genomic fragment was cloned from a yeast multi-copy library that restored mating. Both the cloned gene and the sterile mutation were allelic to the STE14 gene. A ste14-complementing 2·17 kb BamHI fragment subclone was sequenced and found to encode a 239 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 27,887 Daltons. The hydrophobicity profile of the methyltransferase reveals the presence of at least five potential transmembrane domains. In comparisons of the C-terminal methyltransferase amino acid sequence with those in the PIR and Swiss protein databases, no significantly similar sequences were found nor were conserved regions from other methyltransferases present. 相似文献
45.
46.
M. E. Kassner M. A. Wall M. A. Delos-Reyes 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1997,28(3):595-609
Aluminum single crystals were cyclically deformed in single slip at small strain amplitudes at 77 K to presaturation. The
observed mechanical behavior is consistent with recent work by other investigators. The dislocation substructure can be described
as consisting of dense bundles or veins of edge dislocation dipoles, of a single Burgers vector, separated by lower dislocation
density regions or channels where substantial debris is evident. This debris was determined as almost exclusively relatively
short edge-dipole segments. Screw dislocations with the same Burgers vector span the channels. In situ cyclic reverse (shear) deformation experiments in the high-voltage transmission electron microscope (HVEM) were successfully
performed using the X-Y technique where thin foils are stressed in alternating perpendicular directions. Our experiments indicate that loops frequently
expand from the dipole bundles into the channel and the edge component is absorbed by nearby bundles, leaving screw segments
behind. The screw dislocations that span the channel move easily and reverse direction with shear reversal. Screws may move
first with a strain reversal. A comparable fraction of the strain during each cycle appears to be provided by screw and edge
dislocations. Dipole “flipping” was not observed. There is no obvious evidence for internal backstresses that assist plastic
deformation on reversal of the applied shear. 相似文献
47.
Examined publishing practices of the American Psychological Association (APA) in the alcohol and drug area. Although the total number of articles published by APA increased only 7.6% between 1984 and 1990, the number of alcohol and drug articles more than doubled. Despite the disproportionate growth of alcohol and drug articles between 1984 and 1990, only 3.8% of 1,408 APA articles published in 1990 addressed alcohol and drug use issues. An earlier investigation by M. O. Howard and D. A. Howard (1992) reported that 541 articles published in 1984 in 12 alcohol and drug specialty journals received an average of 3.48 citations by the end of 1988. Alcohol and drug articles published by APA in 1984 received more than 4 times as many citations during this period. Also, alcohol and drug articles published by APA received significantly more citations between 1984 and 1988 than those published in specialty journals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
48.
49.
Artificial added mass instabilities in sequential staggered coupling of nonlinear structures and incompressible viscous flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christiane Förster Wolfgang A. Wall 《Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering》2007,196(7):1278-1293
Within this paper the so-called artificial added mass effect is investigated which is responsible for devastating instabilities within sequentially staggered Fluid-structure Interaction (FSI) simulations where incompressible fluids are considered.A discrete representation of the added mass operator MA is given and ‘instability conditions’ are evaluated for different temporal discretisation schemes. It is proven that for every sequentially staggered scheme and given spatial discretisation of a problem, a mass ratio between fluid and structural mass density can be found at which the coupled system becomes unstable. The analysis is quite general and does not depend upon the particular spatial discretisation schemes used. However here special attention is given to stabilised finite elements employed on the fluid partition. Numerical investigations further highlight the results. 相似文献
50.
Polarised attenuated total reflection FTIR spectroscopy has been used for detailed orientation mapping of 2l polyethylene terephthalate bottles subjected to different preform heating times. The results for the bottle with the standard preform heating time reveal significant surface orientation variations along the bottle hoop and length directions, with the inner bottle surface also showing consistently greater chain orientation in the hoop direction than found for the outer surface. Decreasing the preform heating time has less effect on the chain orientation than increasing the heating time, with the latter causing reduced chain orientation in the final bottle. The absorbance of the 1340 cm−1 band provides a quick and reliable indication of these chain orientation trends. In contrast, the extent of benzene ring orientation parallel to the bottle surface showed little variation and remained consistently high at the majority of the surface bottle positions probed. 相似文献