IMPEDIMENT TO INCIPIENT FLUIDIZATION IN WET BEDS OF POROUS NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES

Fluidized-bed units are efficiently and advantageously employed for drying various wet and sticky particulate materials provided that the bed of such materials can be kept under a fluidized condition. The effect was explored with the incremental addition of water to the bed of nonspherical, porous particles of ceramsite and lignite fluidized with wet air. The limiting fluidization-defluidization point was determined by experiments in a cold model fluidized bed contained in a transparent glass column using wet and dry particles. On the basis of the data amassed, an empirical correlation was developed. This relationship makes it possible to predict the dimensionless excess gas velocity that keeps the wet bed fluidized, as a function of the relative amount of moisture in the bed and the dimensionless particle size.     

Activity of the Ni?CAl Mixed Oxides Prepared from Hydrotalcite-Like Precursors in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane and Propane

The activity of Ni?CAl mixed oxides obtained by the thermal pre-treatment of Ni?CAl hydrotalcite-like precursors was studied in the ODH of ethane and propane. The activity of the Ni?CAl mixed oxide catalysts was studied with respect to (i) the role of Ni content and (ii) the role of temperature during Ni?CAl HTs thermal pre-treatment. The structure analysis and the activity of Ni?CAl mixed oxides were discussed in three groups; (A) the catalysts pre-treated at 500???C, (B) the catalysts pre-treated at 600???C and (C) the Ni2?CAl catalyst with constant Ni content pre-treated at 500?C900???C. Ni?CAl mixed oxides were active and selective catalysts in the ODH of ethane even at 450???C. On the other hand, the catalysts posses low selectivity to propene. It is supposed that the interaction of NiO with alumina phase plays the critical role in the active and selective catalysts. The Ni?CAl mixed oxides were characterized by XRD, H₂-TPR and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.     

miR-497-5p Decreased Expression Associated with High-Risk Endometrial Cancer

The current guidelines for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of endometrial cancer (EC), based on clinicopathological factors, are insufficient for numerous reasons; therefore, we investigated the relevance of miRNA expression profiles for the discrimination of different EC subtypes. Among the miRNAs previously predicted to allow distinguishing of endometrioid ECs (EECs) according to different grades (G) and from serous subtypes (SECs), we verified the utility of miR-497-5p. In ECs, we observed downregulated miR-497-5p levels that were significantly decreased in SECs, clear cell carcinomas (CCCs), and carcinosarcomas (CaSas) compared to EECs, thereby distinguishing EEC from SEC and rare EC subtypes. Significantly reduced miR-497-5p expression was found in high-grade ECs (EEC G3, SEC, CaSa, and CCC) compared to low-grade carcinomas (EEC G1 and mucinous carcinoma) and ECs classified as being in advanced FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stages, that is, with loco-regional and distant spread compared to cancers located only in the uterus. Based on immunohistochemical features, lower miR-497-5p levels were observed in hormone-receptor-negative, p53-positive, and highly Ki-67-expressing ECs. Using a machine learning method, we showed that consideration of miR-497-5p expression, in addition to the traditional clinical and histopathologic parameters, slightly improves the prediction accuracy of EC diagnosis. Our results demonstrate that changes in miR-497-5p expression influence endometrial tumorigenesis and its evaluation may contribute to more precise diagnoses.     

Cannabinoid-Induced Conditioned Place Preference,Intravenous Self-Administration,and Behavioral Stimulation Influenced by Ghrelin Receptor Antagonism in Rats

Cannabis/cannabinoids are widely used for recreational and therapy purposes, but their risks are largely disregarded. However, cannabinoid-associated use disorders and dependence are alarmingly increasing and an effective treatment is lacking. Recently, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR1A) antagonism was proposed as a promising mechanism for drug addiction therapy. However, the role of GHS-R1A and its endogenous ligand ghrelin in cannabinoid abuse remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether the GHS-R1A antagonist JMV2959 could reduce the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and behavioral stimulation, the WIN55,212-2 intravenous self-administration (IVSA), and the tendency to relapse. Following an ongoing WIN55,212-2 self-administration, JMV2959 3 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally 20 min before three consequent daily 120-min IVSA sessions under a fixed ratio FR1, which significantly reduced the number of the active lever-pressing, the number of infusions, and the cannabinoid intake. Pretreatment with JMV2959 suggested reduction of the WIN55,212-2-seeking/relapse-like behavior tested in rats on the twelfth day of the forced abstinence period. On the contrary, pretreatment with ghrelin significantly increased the cannabinoid IVSA as well as enhanced the relapse-like behavior. Co-administration of ghrelin with JMV2959 abolished/reduced the significant efficacy of the GHS-R1A antagonist in the cannabinoid IVSA. Pretreatment with JMV2959 significantly and dose-dependently reduced the manifestation of THC-induced CPP. The THC-CPP development was reduced after the simultaneous administration of JMV2959 with THC during conditioning. JMV2959 also significantly reduced the THC-induced behavioral stimulation in the LABORAS cage. Our findings suggest that GHS-R1A importantly participates in the rewarding/reinforcing effects of cannabinoids.     

IMPEDIMENT TO INCIPIENT FLUIDIZATION IN WET BEDS OF POROUS NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES

Fluidized-bed units are efficiently and advantageously employed for drying various wet and sticky particulate materials provided that the bed of such materials can be kept under a fluidized condition. The effect was explored with the incremental addition of water to the bed of nonspherical, porous particles of ceramsite and lignite fluidized with wet air. The limiting fluidization-defluidization point was determined by experiments in a cold model fluidized bed contained in a transparent glass column using wet and dry particles. On the basis of the data amassed, an empirical correlation was developed. This relationship makes it possible to predict the dimensionless excess gas velocity that keeps the wet bed fluidized, as a function of the relative amount of moisture in the bed and the dimensionless particle size.     

The cryogenic grinding as the important homogenization step in analysis of inconsistent food samples

Some homogenisation approaches have been investigated to make easier and overcome troublesome preparation of inconsistent food samples. Contents of Na, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Mn and Zn in muesli, seed and instant food samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after their grinding with an agate mortar, a kitchen coffee grinder and a cryogenic mill.     

Effects of monomer impurities on the emulsion polymerization of chloroprene and properties of polychloroprene. IV. Effect of 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene

The influence of small amounts of 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene on the kinetics of the emulsion polymerization of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene and on properties of the resulting polychloroprene has been studied. Some changes in the properties of the chloroprene polymers were observed at 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene concentrations in monomer as relatively high as about 5%. Polymer prepared in the presence of 5% 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene had decreased tensile strength, and also its crystallization tendency was somewhat lowered. At 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene concentrations near 1% or higher, the polychloroprene obtained had worsened thermo-oxidation stability which resulted in crosslinking during aging. The kinetics of emulsion polymerization of chloroprene are not influenced by 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene up to 5%.     

Einfluß der Vakuumbehandlung in der Pfanne auf die Reinheit von unlegiertem Stahl zur Herstellung von Kurbelwellen

Herstellen von Kurbelwellen aus unlegiertem Stahl. Auswertung von Betriebsschmelzen, erzeugt in einem 25-t-Elektrolichtbogenofen mit Spülbehandlungen außerhalb des Ofens. Vakuumbehandlung des Stahls in der Pfanne ohne und mit Einblasen von Argon. Spülbehandlung des Stahles mit Argon bei Luftzutritt. Untersuchung des Einflusses des feuerfesten Materials auf die Reinheit des Stahles mit Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse.