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221.
Dominant rock properties affecting the performance of conical picks and the comparison of some experimental and theoretical results 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
N. Bilgin M.A. Demircin H. Copur C. Balci H. Tuncdemir N. Akcin 《International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences》2006,43(1):139-156
Conical picks are the essential cutting tools used especially on roadheaders, continuous miners and shearers and their cutting performance affects directly the efficiency and the cost of rock/mineral excavation. In this study, in order to better understand the effects of dominant rock properties on cutter performance, 22 different rock specimens having compressive strength values varying from 10 to 170 MPa are first subjected to a wide range of mechanical tests. Then, laboratory full-scale linear cutting tests with different depth of cut and cutter spacing values are realized on large blocks of rock specimens using one type of conical pick. Specific energy, cutting and normal force values for relieved and unrelieved cutting modes are recorded using a triaxial force dynamometer with capacity of 50 tonnes and a data acquisition system. Cutter force and specific energy values are correlated with rock properties and theoretical force and specific energy values obtained from widely used theoretical approaches.The results indicate that uniaxial compressive strength among the rock properties investigated is best correlated with the measured cutter performance values, which is in good agreement with previous studies. However, it is also emphasized in this study that Brazilian tensile strength, Schmidt hammer rebound values, static and dynamic elasticity modulus are also dominant rock properties affecting cutter performance.Theoretical specific energy defined by different researchers has a meaningful relationship with the experimental specific energy, which is an essential parameter for predicting the instantaneous cutting rates of mechanical excavation systems. It is also demonstrated that the experimental cutter forces obtained for 5 mm depth of cut are in good agreement with theoretical force values, if the friction angle between rock and cutting tool is included in the theoretical formulation. It is emphasized that, to some extend, laboratory tests can help to minimize high cost of a trial–error approach in the field. 相似文献
222.
Real-time multimedia applications have to use forward error correction (FEC) anderror concealment techniques to cope with
losses in today’s best-effort Internet. The efficiency of these solutions is known however to depend on the correlation between
losses in the media stream. In this paper we investigate how the packet size distribution affects the packet loss process,
that is, the distribution of the number of lost packets in a block, the related FEC performance and the average loss run length.
We present mathematical models for the loss process of the MMPP+M/D/1/K and the MMPP+M/M/1/K queues; we validate the models
via simulations, and compare the results to simulation results with an MPEG-4 coded video trace. We conclude that the deterministic
packet size distribution (PSD) not only results in lower stationary loss probability than the exponential one, but also gives
a less correlated loss process, both at a particular average link load and at a particular stationary loss probability as
seen by the media stream.Our results show that for applications that can only measure the packet loss probability, the effects
of the PSD on FEC performance are higher in access networks, where a single multimedia stream might affect the multiplexing
behavior. Our results show that the effects of the PSD on FEC performance are higher in access networks, where a single multimedia
stream might affect the multiplexing behavior and thus can improve the queuing performance by decreasing the variance of its
PSD. 相似文献
223.
This work considers the problem of increasing the performance of the ciphers based on Data-Dependent (DD) operations (DDO)
for VLSI implementations. New minimum size primitives are proposed to design DDOs. Using advanced DDOs instead of DD permutations
(DDP) in the DDP-based iterative ciphers Cobra-H64 and Cobra-H128 the number of rounds has been significantly reduced yielding
enhancement of the “performance per cost” value and retaining security at the level of indistinguishability from a random
transformation. To obtain further enhancement of this parameter a new crypto-scheme based on the advanced DDOs is proposed.
The FPGA implementation of the proposed crypto-scheme achieves higher throughput value and minimizes the allocated resources
than the conventional designs. Design of the DDO boxes of different orders is considered and their ASIC implementation is
estimated. 相似文献
224.
Electromechanical transducers for sensing and actuating disturbances or vibrations have been used in many fields of applications. There have been transducers of different configuration developed for the unidirectional transduction. This paper demonstrates a single element transducer for tri-axial components made of a piezoelectric cylindrical shell. The separation of the tri-axial transductions is achieved by devising a proper electrode arrangement. The structure and the fundamental idea are first presented, and then the numerical analysis by means of the finite element modeling follows, and their characteristics and behaviors are then experimentally verified. 相似文献
225.
Kruk Menno R.; Halász József; Meelis Wout; Haller József 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,118(5):1062
Aggressive behavior induces an adrenocortical stress response, and sudden stressors often precipitate violent behavior. Experiments in rats revealed a fast, mutual, positive feedback between the adrenocortical stress response and a brain mechanism controlling aggression. Stimulation of the aggressive area in the hypothalamus rapidly activated the adrenocortical response, even in the absence of an opponent and fighting. Hypothalamic aggression, in turn, was rapidly facilitated by a corticosterone injection in rats in which the natural adrenocortical stress response was prevented by adrenalectomy. The rapidity of both effects points to a fast, mutual, positive feedback of the controlling mechanisms within the time frame of a single conflict. Such a mutual facilitation may contribute to the precipitation and escalation of violent behavior under stressful conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
226.
Diphenylzinc, alone or in combination with water and butanone as coinitiators, was used as a polymerization initiator system for a variety of lactones at varying temperatures. The resulting data indicate that the course of the polymerization is greatly influenced by the lactone structure, as well as by the molar ratio of coinitiator to diphenylzinc. When used alone, diphenylzinc exhibited high activity as an initiator in δ‐valerolactone polymerizations, although it was less efficient when used in the β‐butyrolactone and the β‐propiolactone polymerizations. Activity in the polymerization of β‐lactones was increased by adding small amounts of butanone or water. It was also observed that the diphenylzinc–butanone combination was more effective than the diphenylzinc–water mixture in the polymerizations of β‐butyrolactone and β‐propiolactone. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
227.
228.
V. N. Tsygankov V. V. Safonov A. I. Kozlov V. P. Gavrilov 《Inorganic Materials》2003,39(10):1076-1078
The GeO2–NiO system is studied in the stability range of Ni2GeO4 by temperature-dependent resistivity measurements, in combination with x-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetry. The resistivity of the starting mixtures and heat-treated samples is measured in the composition range 55–90 mol % NiO. The effect of air humidity on the resistivity of the samples is examined. 相似文献
229.
A cell vertex finite volume method for the solution of steady compressible turbulent flow problems on unstructured hybrid
meshes of tetrahedra, prisms, pyramids and hexahedra is described. These hybrid meshes are constructed by firstly discretising
the computational domain using tetrahedral elements and then by merging certain tetrahedra. A one equation turbulence model
is employed and the solution of the steady flow equations is obtained by explicit relaxation. The solution process is accelerated
by the addition of a multigrid method, in which the coarse meshes are generated by agglomeration, and by parallelisation.
The approach is shown to be effective for the simulation of a number of 3D flows of current practical interest.
Sponsored by The Research Council of Norway, project number 125676/410
Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Mike Crisfield, a respected colleague 相似文献
230.
Fatigue crack propagation of multiple coplanar cracks with the coupled extended finite element/fast marching method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A numerical technique for modeling fatigue crack propagation of multiple coplanar cracks is presented. The proposed method couples the extended finite element method (X-FEM) [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 48 (11) (2000) 1549] to the fast marching method (FMM) [Level Set Methods & Fast Marching Methods: Evolving Interfaces in Computational Geometry, Fluid Mechanics, Computer Vision, and Materials Science, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1999]. The entire crack geometry, including one or more cracks, is represented by a single signed distance (level set) function. Merging of distinct cracks is handled naturally by the FMM with no collision detection or mesh reconstruction required. The FMM in conjunction with the Paris crack growth law is used to advance the crack front. In the X-FEM, a discontinuous function and the two-dimensional asymptotic crack-tip displacement fields are added to the finite element approximation to account for the crack using the notion of partition of unity [Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng. 139 (1996) 289]. This enables the domain to be modeled by a single fixed finite element mesh with no explicit meshing of the crack surfaces. In an earlier study [Engng. Fract. Mech. 70 (1) (2003) 29], the methodology, algorithm, and implementation for three-dimensional crack propagation of single cracks was introduced. In this paper, simulations for multiple planar cracks are presented, with crack merging and fatigue growth carried out without any user-intervention or remeshing. 相似文献