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991.
We consider the dynamics of a dark soliton in an elongated harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. A central question
concerns the behavior at finite temperatures, where dissipation arises due to the presence of a thermal cloud. We study this
problem using coupled Gross-Pitaevskii and N-body simulations, which include the mean field coupling between the condensate and thermal cloud. We find that the soliton
decays relatively quickly even at very low temperatures, with the decay rate increasing with rising temperature. 相似文献
992.
The polycrystalline samples of Dy
x
Bi1−x
FeO3 (x = 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2) were synthesized by standard solid state reaction technique. The samples synthesized were characterized
by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Further the samples were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopic technique. The
dielectric measurements were carried out as a function of frequency in the range 100 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature. Also
the dielectric measurements were carried out as a function of temperature at certain fixed frequencies. The ac and dc resistivity
measurements were carried out using two probe method. Also temperature dependence of ac and dc resistivity was noted. These
measurements suggest polaron conduction in the samples. Finally, the data from XRD, IR, dielectric measurements were correlated. 相似文献
993.
The effect of varying normalising and hardening temperatures on the prior austenite grain size in a low alloy Cr–Mo–Ni–V steel
has been examined. An initial relative insensitivity of grain size to increasing austenitising temperature was observed followed
by a sudden growth of grains at approximately 1000 °C. A detailed study of the precipitates in the steel showed the presence
of a bimodal size distribution of vanadium carbides. The grain size increase is attributed to a decrease in volume fraction
and an increase in size of V4C3 particles with increasing temperature. 相似文献
994.
The present study concerns the effect of copper additions on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of directly
quenched Ti–B steels. Ti and B are added as microalloying elements with an aim of achieving adequate austenite hardenability
and Cu is added to retard the austenite (γ) → ferrite (α) transformation. Therefore, the microalloying and Cu additions together allow the transformation of austenite to occur at
a lower temperature, resulting in a finer microstructure containing martensitic constituents. The direct-quenching route is
adopted with an aim of facilitating the nucleation of the constituent phases from the deformed austenite. In order to circumvent
the hot-shortness due to the Cu addition, 0.79 wt% Ni has been added to one of the 1.5 wt% Cu microalloyed steels. The present
study has demonstrated that the Ni-containing 1.5Cu–Ti–B steel is capable of providing an attractive combination of strength
and ductility comparable to the high strength varieties of HSLA steels in directly quenched condition. 相似文献
995.
U. Rambabu N. R. Munirathnam T. L. Prakash B. Vengalrao S. Buddhudu 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(22):9262-9266
High purity gallium oxide nanopowders have been synthesized by using a simple precipitation technique with calcination at
elevated temperature. From the X-ray pattern, the phase purity of the synthesized powders was confirmed as β-Ga2O3. Elemental quantification (stoichiometry) of Ga2O3 was also examined from the X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDAX). Based on the recorded Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
spectrum of Ga2O3, the IR bands due to Ga–O bond and crystal lattice vibrations have been identified in the wavenumber range 400–4,000 cm−1. From the measured SEM images, it is obvious to notice that the pH value has been playing a dominant role in obtaining morphologically
different gallium oxide nanopowders. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals 8.3% of weight loss when the sample was heated to
the temperature of 1,100 °C from the room temperature, which also shows a crystalline phase transformation. It is very interesting
to report that a broad blue emission at 455 nm has been measured from the synthesized gallium oxide nanopowders. 相似文献
996.
Tanu Sharma Sanjeev Aggarwal Shyam Kumar V. K. Mittal P. C. Kalsi V. K. Manchanda 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(4):1127-1130
The UV-Visible absorption spectra of virgin and gamma irradiated (20–800 kGy) CR-39 polymer have been deduced by using Shimadzu
Double beam Double Monochromator UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-2550). The existence of the peaks, their shifting and broadening
as a result of gamma irradiation has been discussed. Finally the indirect and direct band gap in virgin and gamma irradiated
CR-39 has been determined. The values of indirect band gap have been found to be lower than the corresponding values of direct
band gap. 相似文献
997.
Dielectric and thermal characteristics of gel grown single crystals of ytterbium tartrate trihydrate
Dielectric and thermal characteristics of gel grown single crystals of ytterbium tartrate trihydrate have been carried out.
The dielectric constant has been measured as a function of frequency in the range 2 kHz–1 MHz and temperature range 30–300 °C.
The dielectric constant increases with temperature, attains a peak near 215 °C, and then decreases as the temperature exceeds
215 °C. The dielectric anomaly at 215 °C is suggested to be due to phase transition brought about in the material. The dielectric
behaviour of the material is correlated with the results on thermal analysis. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis
have been used to study the thermal characteristics of the material. The experimental results show that the material is thermally
stable up to 200 °C. The decomposition process occurs in two stages until ytterbium oxide is formed at 700 °C. The non-isothermal
kinetic parameters e.g., activation energy and the frequency factor have been evaluated for each stage of thermal decomposition
by using the integral method, applying the Coats–Redfern approximation. 相似文献
998.
999.
Initial geopolymeric reaction processes governing dissolution of solid aluminosilicate particles in alkali solutions have
been investigated using conventional experimental techniques, and the data analysed by speciation predictions of the partial
charge model (PCM). For metakaolin powders activated with 5.0 M NaOH, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra
disclose the existence of monomeric [Al(OH)4]− species after two hours of dissolution, consistent with PCM predictions. However, no equivalent monomeric silicate species
were observed for 5.0–10.0 M NaOH activator solutions characteristic of systems with nominal Si/Al ≤ 1. The apparent absence
of monomeric silicate species suggest rapid condensation of silicate units with [Al(OH)4]− to generate aluminosilicate species, as indicated by the evolution of the shoulder at around −87 ppm in the 29Si NMR spectra. Of the two possible stable silicate species [SiO2(OH)2]2− and [SiO(OH)3]−, the latter appears most likely to condense with [Al(OH)4]− to produce aluminosilicate oligomers, from which larger oligomers subsequently form through further condensation with [Al(OH)4]− leading to a gradual build up of aluminosilicate networks and a lowering of system alkalinity. This dissolution and hydrolysis
sequence at the early stages of synthesis suggests a reaction path wholly consistent with predictions of the partial charge
model. 相似文献
1000.
Pablo Esquinazi Miguel A. Ramos Reinhard König 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2004,135(1-2):27-38
We discuss the strain dependence of the acoustic properties of amorphous metals in both normal and superconducting states, in the temperature range 0.1 mK<T<1 K. A crossover is found when the strain energy is of the order of the effective interaction energy between tunneling systems at the corresponding temperature. Our results provide clear evidence for the interaction between tunneling systems, whose energy is in quantitative agreement with theoretical expectations, and reveal that without the knowledge of the corresponding strain dependences, the measured temperature dependences below ~50 mK of the acoustic properties of disordered solids are rather meaningless. 相似文献