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41.
42.
Jie Liu Volker Ventzke Peter Staron Norbert Schell Nikolai Kashaev Norbert Huber 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2014,45(1):16-28
Post-weld heat treatment is carried out on the laser beam welded γ-TiAl-based alloy Ti-48Al-1Cr-1.5Nb-1Mn-0.2Si-0.5B (at. pct). The macro/microstructure and mechanical properties of both as-welded and heat-treated specimens are investigated by radiography, SEM, and tensile tests. Moreover, high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction is performed to measure the residual stresses and evaluate the microstructure evolution. It is found that the residual stresses are distributed in a three-peak shape in the region of the weld zone and heat-affected zone of the as-welded specimen due to the microstructural transformation and heat softening. The residual stresses are largely relieved after the heat treatment. The heat-treated specimens have a near fully lamellar microstructure and show balanced mechanical properties of strength and ductility. The diffraction shows that the phase transformation from α 2 to γ takes place under tensile load at 1023 K (750 °C), and the grain size and lamellar spacing are refined in the weld zone. Finally, the fracture mechanisms are found to be controlled by the local stress concentration-induced strain misfit between α 2 and γ phases in the near γ grains and delamination and debonding in the lamellae. Boride ribbons of 5 μm in the near fully lamellar microstructure are found not to be detrimental to the tensile properties. 相似文献
43.
<正>"建设机械2014全球报道"由来自World Highways和Aggregates B u s i n e s s杂志的资深记者,以及本行业的领军人物执笔撰文。本篇主要介绍GPS成图系统在路面压实中的应用,我们很高兴能以专家的视角展示这一切,一位专家是来自Caterpillar的高级应用工程师Roland Utterodt,另一位是Trimble Navigation公司摊铺事业部EA M E分部的Norbert Mattivi,这两位业界权威以谨慎的眼光审视了近期来自德国的综合研究结果。那么,自动成图技术是否真能带来品质更高更均匀的最终压实效果呢? 相似文献
44.
Monir Tabatabai Bernd Garska Urs Fischer Norbert Moszner Andreas Utterodt Helmut Ritter 《Polymer International》2012,61(3):407-412
Calix[4]arenes were double alkylated with various alkylhalogenides and the residual OH functions were subsequently dimethacrylated with methacryloyl chloride. The successful synthesis of polymerizable calixarenes was proved using 1H NMR spectroscopy, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry. The polymerization behaviour was confirmed by copolymerization with methacrylic acid methyl ester. Furthermore, the flexural strength, the flexural modulus of elasticity, the exothermic course of the photo‐curing reaction and the polymerization shrinkage of experimental dental filling composites containing the modified calixarenes were evaluated. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
45.
46.
Martti Heinonen Miltiadis Anagnostou Stephanie Bell Mark Stevens Robert Benyon Reidun Anita Bergerud Jovan Bojkovski Rien Bosma Jan Nielsen Norbert B?se Plunkett Cromwell Aliye Kartal Dogan Seda Aytekin Ali Uytun Vito Fernicola Krzysztof Flakiewicz Bertrand Blanquart Domen Hudoklin Per Jacobson Anders Kentved Isabel Lóio George Mamontov Alexandra Masarykova Helmut Mitter Regina Mnguni Jan Otych Anton Steiner Nagyné Szilágyi Zsófia Davor Zvizdic 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2012,33(8-9):1422-1437
In the field of humidity quantities, the first CIPM key comparison, CCT-K6 is at its end. The corresponding European regional key comparison, EUROMET.T-K6, was completed in early 2008, about 4?years after the starting initial measurements in the project. In total, 24 NMIs from different countries took part in the comparison. This number includes 22 EURAMET countries, and Russia and South Africa. The comparison covered the dew-point temperature range from ?50?°C to +20?°C. It was carried out in three parallel loops, each with two chilled mirror hygrometers as transfer standards in each loop. The comparison scheme was designed to ensure high quality results with evenly spread workload for the participants. It is shown that the standard uncertainty due to the long-term instability was smaller than 0.008?°C in all loops. The standard uncertainties due to links between the loops were found to be smaller than 0.025?°C at ?50?°C and 0.010?°C elsewhere. Conclusions on the equivalence of the dew-point temperature standards are drawn on the basis of calculated bilateral degrees of equivalence and deviations from the EURAMET comparison reference values (ERV). Taking into account 16 different primary dew-point realizations and 8 secondary realizations, the results demonstrate the equivalence of a large number of laboratories at an uncertainty level that is better than achieved in other multilateral comparisons so far in the humidity field. 相似文献
47.
48.
Ahmed M. Youssef Norbert H. Maerz 《Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment》2012,71(1):171-186
The Missouri Rock Fall Hazard Rating System (MORFH RS) was recently developed for the State of Missouri. It is a system that
separates the risk of failure from the consequences of failure factors, thus allowing better assessment of the hazards of
rock falls. Efficiency is gained by video logging of highway rock cuts from vehicles moving at highway speeds, pre-screening
of rock cuts from video images, making some of the measurements needed for the rating system on digital images, and using
GPS receivers to collect field data and GIS to organize all the data. This paper describes the rationale behind the parameters
selected for the system using factor analysis and other methods and the verification of the system through sensitivity studies
and multiple rater tests. Simulations of remediation techniques were applied to recognize the most effective methods for remediation. 相似文献
49.
Norbert Eisenreich Armin KeßlerAndreas Koleczko Volker Weiser 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
Metal hydrides are used for hydrogen storage. AlH3 shows a capacity to store about 10 wt% hydrogen. Its hydrogen is split-off in the temperature interval of 400–500 K. On dehydrogenation a nano-structured Al material emerges with specific surfaces up to 15–20 m2/g. The surface areas depend on the heating rate because of a temperature dependent crystallite growth. The resulting Al oxidizes up to 20–25% weight on air access forming an alumina passivation layer of 3–4 nm thickness on all exposed surfaces. The heat released from this Al oxidation induces a high risk to this type of hydrogen storage if the containment might be destroyed, accidentally. The kinetics of the dehydrogenation and the subsequent oxidation is investigated by methods of thermal analysis. A reaction scheme is confirmed which consists of a starting Avrami-Erofeev mechanism followed by formal 1st order oxidation on unlimited air access. The kinetic parameters, activation energies and pre-exponentials are evaluated and can be used to calculate the reaction progress. Together with the heat of the Al oxidation the overall heat release and the related rate can be estimated. 相似文献
50.
Hans-Ulrich Waiblinger Miriam Schillinger Norbert Hess 《Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit》2012,7(2):163-170
Here, we describe the procedure of a DNA extraction method from maize starch including the method??s validation by in-house and interlaboratory tests. The amplifiable amount of maize DNA tested by real-time PCR was used as parameter for evaluating our method. The practical (i.e. relative) limit of detection (LOD) was used as key criterion for assessing the suitability of the extraction method with respect to genetically modified organism analysis. In a round-robin test with ten participating laboratories, satisfactory results were achieved with practical LODs in the range of 0.1?% with three native maize starch materials. In-house tests showed that this protocol??with an additional purification step??can also be applied for extracting DNA from chemically or enzymatically modified starch. 相似文献