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Flow and transport studies in (non)consolidated porous (bio)systems consisting of solid or porous beads by PFG NMR

Displacement imaging pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) is applied to a number of porous model systems, consisting of either solid or porous particles. By pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance, the molecular displacement can be measured that occurs during a time interval, delta, between two consecutive magnetic field gradient pulses. In contrast to conventional techniques, which cover displacements over distances several times the bead diameter, pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance covers displacements in the order of subpore to several pore distances. Dimensionless scaling is possible based on the root-mean-square displacement normalised on the bead diameter. In solid particles, v and delta are interchangeable, although different flow regimens are covered. In porous particles, the exchange time between the stagnant mobile phase in the particles and the flowing outside must be taken into account with respect to delta as well as the porosity.     

Effects of environmental temperature and relative humidity on the rehydration of dried pistachios

In this study, the environmental air temperature and relative humidity effects were investigated through rehydration on the dried and roasted Siirt Pistachios (S_PS) and Antep pistachios (A_PS) with an experimental and computational approach. Therefore, an experimental apparatus was set-up in lab conditions. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the water activity and weight change as a function of the relative humidity and temperature of ambient air. The experimental results show that there is a combined effect of relative humidity and temperature on the increase in the weight change and water activity (a_w). The shell of pistachio is a good hygroscopic material despite its hard texture. The roasted pistachios are less prone to absorb moisture compared to the unroasted pistachios. Beside this experimental study, an intelligent modeling called “artificial neural network” model was used for prediction of the increase in the weight of different types of pistachios.     

Schlüsseltechnologien künftiger Kommunikationsnetze

The goal of infrastructures of modern communication networks is a seamless operation in a heterogeneous environment of network technologies by using a high degree of network intelligence and integrated network management. The contribution describes the features of the key network technologies and addresses basic trends of their future evolution.     

A bilinear programming model and a modified branch-and-bound algorithm for production planning in steel rolling mills with substitutable demand

In this paper, we address an instance of the dynamic capacitated multi-item lot-sizing problem (CMILSP) typically encountered in steel rolling mills. Production planning is carried out at the master production schedule level, where the various end items lot sizes are determined such that the total cost is minimised. Through incorporating the various technological constraints associated with the manufacturing process, the integrated production–inventory problem is formulated as a mixed integer bilinear program (MIBLP). Typically, such class of mathematical models is solved via linearisation techniques which transform the model to an equivalent MILP (mixed integer linear program) at the expense of increased model dimensionality. This paper presents an alternative branch-and-bound based algorithm that exploits the special structure of the mathematical model to minimise the number of branches and obtain the bound at each node. The performance of our algorithm is benchmarked against that of a classical linearisation technique for several problem instances and the obtained results are reported.     

巴黎工商会商业学校

工商会商业学校是一家专注于商业教学的高等教育机构,位于法国巴黎ArmandMoisant大街。该学校的改扩建工程包括教室、办公室、3间阶梯教室、1座可容纳260人的礼堂、资源中心、音像录制室及其它专业设施。     

Über die Bereitung und die Zusammensetzung der spezifisch bulgarischen Käsesorten

European Food Research and Technology -     

The production and characterization of poly(lactic acid) fibers dyeable with anionic dyes using octaammonium polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanoparticle

In this study, acid dyeable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber was produced with the addition of octaammonium polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OA-POSS) nanoparticle during the melt spinning. The tensile, thermal and morphological properties of the fiber samples were characterized by tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Two different anionic dyes, a disulphonated 1:2 premetallised acid dye and monosulphonated non-metallised, were used. The effects of dyeing conditions including dyeing temperature and time, OA-POSS concentration, anionic dye types and concentrations were investigated on the dyeability properties of the PLA fiber samples. It was concluded that the percent crystallinity and the tensile strength of pure PLA fiber decreased as the added amount of OA-POSS increased. According to the dyeing results, the addition of OA-POSS greatly improved the dyeability of the PLA fiber with anionic dyes by introducing ion–ion interaction between the terminal ammonium groups of POSS nanoparticle and the sulphonyl groups of dye molecules.