Berechnung der Eigenspannungen in kaltgezogenen Rohren mit Funktionen dimensionsloser Kennzahlen

Schwierigkeiten der Eigenspannungsermittlung, Allgemeine Dimensionslehre, Kenngrößenbeziehung für die Eigenspannungsermittlung, Ermittlung der Kennfunktion beim Stopfenzug, Schilderung der Berechnung der zahlenmäßigen Abhängigkeiten, Vergleich berechneter und gemessener Längs- und Tangentialeigenspannungen beim Stopfen-, Hohl- und Aufweitzug für verschiedene Werkstoffe.     

A multi-purpose Schrödinger-Poisson Solver for TCAD applications

We present the Vienna Schrödinger-Poisson Solver (VSP), a multi-purpose quantum mechanical solver for investigations on nano-scaled device structures. VSP includes a quantum mechanical solver for closed as well as open boundary problems on fairly arbitrary one-dimensional cross sections within the effective mass framework. For investigations on novel gate dielectrics VSP holds models for bulk and interface trap charges, and direct and trap assisted tunneling. Hetero-structured semiconductor devices, like resonant tunneling diodes (RTD), can be treated within the closed boundary model for quick estimation of resonant energy levels. The open boundary model allows evaluation of current voltage characteristics.     

混沌信号调制在计算机通信网络中的模拟

混沌信号的调制不需要低层信息信号与混沌信号相比较，信息信号通过允许更高安全级别的混沌信号频谱进行传送，为了更好地编码，该调制信号采用静音功能进行加密，揭示了混沌信号在普通网络中的调制和解调器的模拟与仿真。     

Berechnung und Meßmethode zur Bestimmung des Temperaturgefälles und des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten bei der direkten Kühlung von Stahldraht

Direkte Wasserkühlung von Stahldraht nach dem Ziehvorgang. Berechnung des Temperaturgefälles in einem dem Ziehhol nachgeschalteten Kühlrohr. Messung der Drahttemperaturdifferenz zwischen Kühlrohrein- und -austritt mit der Infrarotthermometrie zur Bestimmung des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten an der Drahtoberfläche. Ermittlung des Emissionsgrades.     

Spectral Ray Differentials

Light refracted by a dispersive interface leads to beautifully colored patterns that can be rendered faithfully with spectral Monte‐Carlo methods. Regrettably, results often suffer from chromatic noise or banding, requiring high sampling rates and large amounts of memory compared to renderers operating in some trichromatic color space. Addressing this issue, we introduce spectral ray differentials, which describe the change of light direction with respect to changes in the spectrum. In analogy with the classic ray and photon differentials, this information can be used for filtering in the spectral domain. Effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated by filtering for offline spectral light and path tracing as well as for an interactive GPU photon mapper based on splatting. Our results show considerably less chromatic noise and spatial aliasing while retaining good visual similarity to reference solutions with negligible overhead in the order of milliseconds.     

Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Ubiquitin in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinsonian Disorders

1 Purpose

Dysfunctional proteostasis, with decreased protein degradation and an accumulation of ubiquitin into aggregated protein inclusions, is a feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Identifying new potential biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflecting this process could contribute important information on pathophysiology.

2 Experimental design

A developed method combining SPE and PRM‐MS is employed to monitor the concentration of ubiquitin in CSF from subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Four independent cross‐sectional studies are conducted, studies 1–4, including controls (n = 86) and participants with AD (n = 60), PD (n = 15), and PSP (n = 11).

3 Results

The method shows a repeatability and intermediate precision not exceeding 6.1 and 7.9%, respectively. The determined LOD is 0.1 nm and the LOQ range between 0.625 and 80 nm . The CSF ubiquitin concentration is 1.2–1.5‐fold higher in AD patients compared with controls in the three independent AD‐control studies (Study 1, p < 0.001; Study 2, p < 0.001; and Study 3, p = 0.003). In the fourth study, there is no difference in PD or PSP, compared to controls.

4 Conclusion and clinical relevance

CSF ubiquitin may reflect dysfunctional proteostasis in AD. The described method can be used for further exploration of ubiquitin as a potential biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases.     

The effects of pigments on the photostability of polyethylene

The affect of carbon black and various colourizing pigments on the ultraviolet (UV) stability of high and low density polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) was determined using a novel method for the analysis of oxygen uptake profiles. Samples were exposed to 0.27 Wm⁻² (measured at 340 nm) UV irrdiation at 25.0±0.1° C in air at 1.0 atm. The usefulness of this method of assessment of UV stability is demonstrated. The method also enables the rapid collection of data that enable the comparison of the relative photostabilities of experimental and commercial formulations containing pigments and stabilizing additives. The results show that carbon black is an effective UV screening agent for HDPE when added at levels as low as 0.05% (wt/wt) and that increased photoprotection is achieved with increasing concentration of carbon black, up to 5% (wt/wt), above which there is no further significant increase in photostability. LDPE containing ultramarine blue pigment (Na₇Al₆Si₆O₂₄S₃) exhibits relatively poor photostability, whereas ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) and chrome orange (PbCrO₄.PbO) pigments are better photostabilizers for this material. Cadmium sulphide (CdS) was found to photosensitize LDPE. A compound containing 0.10% (wt/wt) carbon black, 0.12% (wt/wt) titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and 1.78% (wt/wt) phthalocyanine green (C₃₃H₂N₈Cl₁₄Cu) is an effective formulation for the stabilization of LDPE. Formulations of LDPE containing ultramarine blue-TiO₂ or ferric oxidecarbon black combinations absorb heat on exposure and this may affect their photostability.     

Image auto-annotation with automatic selection of the annotation length

Developing a satisfactory and effective method for auto-annotating images that works under general conditions is a challenging task. The advantages of such a system would be manifold: it can be used to annotate existing, large databases of images, rendering them accessible to text search engines; or it can be used as core for image retrieval based on a query image’s visual content. Manual annotation of images is a difficult, tedious and time consuming task. Furthermore, manual annotations tend to show great inter-person variance: considering an image, the opinions about what elements are significant and deserve an annotation vary strongly. The latter poses a problem for the evaluation of an automatic method, as an annotation’s correctness is greatly subjective. In this paper we present an automatic method for annotating images, which addresses one of the existing methods’ major limitation, namely a fixed annotation length. The proposed method, PATSI, automatically chooses the resulting annotation’s length for each query image. It is held as simple as possible and a build-in parameter optimization procedure renders PATSI de-facto parameter free. Finally, PATSI is evaluated on standard datasets, outperforming various state-of-the-art methods.