Optical Transceiver Chips Based on Co-Integration of Capacitively Coupled Proximity Interconnects and VCSELs

Combining the strengths of both proximity communication and optical communication, a new hybrid input-output (I/O) platform delivers on-chip bandwidth off-chip and over distance. We demonstrate, for the first time, a four-channel hybrid I/O interface by integrating proximity communication and vertical-cavity surface-emitting-laser-based parallel optical interconnects on the same commercial 90-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor platform. The optical I/O can operate at 5 Gb/s per channel, and the complete hybrid I/O interface achieved 2.5 Gb/s per channel. We characterize the I/O link performance for various data rates and chip separations, and show 10-mum chip separation tolerance for proximity communication     

The use and evaluation of yield models in integrated circuitmanufacturing

The development and refinement of net-die-per-wafer yield models during the past 25 years are reviewed, and the models are tested for accuracy by comparison with actual yield data from seven separate chip companies. Depending on chip size, the more accurate models are the Poisson and the negative binomial. Several models for line yields in wafer fabrication are also covered. For predicting yields of larger-die-area very large-scale integration, the negative binomial model is the more accurate, but its use many require experimental determination of alpha, sometimes called the cluster parameter, versus chip area for the particular process and factory environment of interest. How an Insystems holographic wafer inspection machine can aid this process is described. Financial payback calculations for cleaner processing machines and experience curve effects on yields are also discussed     

A Sensitivity Model for Predicting Photonic Crystal Biosensor Performance

We present a model for predicting photonic crystal label-free biosensor performance based primarily on the spatial distribution of electromagnetic near fields at device resonance. To achieve maximum device sensitivity, the resonant fields can be shaped by careful choice of material and geometrical parameters. The effect of each property on the resonant mode profile, and consequently on sensor performance, is illustrated. A comparison of device sensitivity calculated by both the proposed model and direct rigorous coupled wave analysis simulation supports the validity of our model.     

On stress intensities induced by direct resistance heating

The temperature field and mode I stress intensity caused by resistance heating are calculated for a model problem. The results indicate that, for a constant far-field electric current, the stress intensity is proportional to the crack length to the power 5/2. Consequently, the effect of localized heating becomes especially important as the crack length increases and may, if ignored, cause significant errors during the more severe thermal fatigue tests that utilize direct resistance heating.

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Résumé On calcule pour un problème de modélisation le champ de température et l'intensité de contrainte de Mode I provoqué par un chauffage par résistance. Les résultats indiquent que, pour un courant électrique constant appliqué, l'intensité de contraintes est proportionnelle à la longueur d'une fissure à la puissance 5/2.En conséquence, l'effet d'un chauffage local devient spécialement important lorsqu'on augmente la longueur de fissure, et peut, s'il est ignoré, induire des erreurs graves au cours d'essais de fatigue thermique de sévérité accrue qui recourent au chauffage direct par effect Joule.

     

Adherence in childhood diabetes: Results of a confirmatory factor analysis.

Tested the equality of the factor pattern of adherence to treatment of childhood diabetes identified by S. B. Johnson et al (see record 1988-05437-001) across 2 independent samples. Samples of 162 and 157 diabetics (aged 6–18 yrs) were studied. Factors 1–4, Exercise, Injection, Diet Type, and Eating/Testing Frequency, were confirmed. Factor 5, Diet Amount, proved to be too complex; the adherence measures comprising this factor (total calories and concentrated sweets consumed) are best treated as separate, single-indicator constructs. Results support a multivariate concept of adherence, offer insight into the nature of the components underlying diabetes adherence, and provide measurement information for reliable component estimation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Early spelling acquisition: Writing beats the computer.

Previous research has demonstrated the superiority of a Simultaneous Oral Spelling method for young children beginning to learn to spell words. In this technique, children learn words by repeating a word spoken and written for them, writing the word while pronouncing the name of each letter, and then repeating the whole word again. In two experiments, we manipulated the motoric element of this training and obtained results indicating that having first-grade children write words leads to better spelling performance than having the children type them on a computer or manipulate letter tiles to spell them. The superiority of handwriting was maintained even under conditions where post-training spelling assessment was done on the computer and with tiles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

What do women want? Facialmetric assessment of multiple motives in the perception of male facial physical attractiveness.

The multiple motive hypothesis of physical attractiveness suggests that women are attracted to men whose appearances elicit their nurturant feelings, who appear to possess sexual maturity and dominance characteristics, who seem sociable, approachable, and of high social status. Those multiple motives may cause people to be attracted to individuals who display an optimal combination of neotenous, mature, and expressive facial features, plus desirable grooming attributes. Three quasi-experiments demonstrated that men who possessed the neotenous features of large eyes, the mature features of prominent cheekbones and a large chin, the expressive feature of a big smile, and high-status clothing were seen as more attractive than other men. Further supporting the multiple motive hypothesis, the 2nd and 3rd studies indicated that impressions of attractiveness had strong relations with selections of men to date and to marry but had a curvilinear relation with perceptions of a baby face vs a mature face. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)