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排序方式: 共有1929条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Anna Wajler Anna Kozłowska Magdalena Nakielska Kamila Leśniewska‐Matys Agata Sidorowicz Dariusz Podniesiński Piotr Putyra 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2014,97(6):1692-1695
Transparent cobalt‐doped magnesium aluminate spinel (Co:MgAl2O4) ceramics with a submicrometer grain size were prepared by spark plasma sintering. For the first time, the nonlinear absorption of Co:MgAl2O4 transparent ceramics was experimentally demonstrated. Both ground state absorption (σGSA) and excited state absorption (σESA) were estimated using the solid‐state slow saturable absorber model based on absorption saturation measurements performed at 1.535 μm. σGSA and σESA for 0.03 at.% Co:MgAl2O4 were found to be 4.1 × 10?19 cm2 and 4.0 × 10?20 cm2, respectively. In the case of 0.06 at.% Co:MgAl2O4 ceramics, σGSA = 2.6 × 10?19 cm2 and σESA= 5.3 × 10?20 cm2 were determined. 相似文献
82.
One of the strategies in the search for safe and effective analgesic drugs is the design of multitarget analgesics. Such compounds are intended to have high affinity and activity at more than one molecular target involved in pain modulation. In the present contribution we summarize the attempts in which fentanyl or its substructures were used as a μ-opioid receptor pharmacophoric fragment and a scaffold to which fragments related to non-opioid receptors were attached. The non-opioid ‘second’ targets included proteins as diverse as imidazoline I2 binding sites, CB1 cannabinoid receptor, NK1 tachykinin receptor, D2 dopamine receptor, cyclooxygenases, fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase and σ1 receptor. Reviewing the individual attempts, we outline the chemistry, the obtained pharmacological properties and structure-activity relationships. Finally, we discuss the possible directions for future work. 相似文献
83.
Kamil Cebulski Katarzyna Nowiska Karolina Jabloska Hanna Romanowicz Beata Smolarz Piotr Dzigiel Marzenna Podhorska-Okow 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)
Irisin is a myokine formed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which can be found in various cancer tissues. FNDC5 and irisin levels have been poorly studied in the tumor tissues of breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to determine the levels of irisin expression in BC tissues and compare them to clinicopathological factors and Ki-67 and PGC-1α expression levels. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) with 541 BC tissues and 61 samples of non-malignant breast disease (NMBD; control) were used to perform immunohistochemical reactions. FNDC5 gene expression was measured in 40 BC tissue samples, 40 samples from the cancer margin, and 16 NMBD samples. RT-PCR was performed for the detection of FNDC5 gene expression. Higher irisin expression was found in BC patients compared to normal breast tissue. FNDC5/irisin expression was higher in patients without lymph node metastases. Longer overall survival was observed in patients with higher irisin expression levels. FNDC5/irisin expression was increased in BC tissues and its high level was a good prognostic factor for survival in BC patients. 相似文献
84.
Jacek Grebowski Paulina Kazmierska-Grebowska Natalia Cichon Piotr Piotrowski Grzegorz Litwinienko 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(1)
Background: Fullerenols (water-soluble derivatives of fullerenes), such as C60(OH)36, are biocompatible molecules with a high ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the mechanism of their antioxidant action and cooperation with endogenous redox machinery remains unrecognized. Fullerenols rapidly distribute through blood cells; therefore, we investigated the effect of C60(OH)36 on the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes during their prolonged incubation. Methods: Human erythrocytes were treated with fullerenol at concentrations of 50–150 µg/mL, incubated for 3 and 48 h at 37 °C, and then hemolyzed. The level of oxidative stress was determined by examining the level of thiol groups, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione transferase), and by measuring erythrocyte microviscosity. Results: The level of thiol groups in stored erythrocytes decreased; however, in the presence of higher concentrations of C60(OH)36 (100 and 150 µg/mL), the level of -SH groups increased compared to the control. Extending the incubation to 48 h caused a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity, but the addition of fullerenol, especially at higher concentrations (100–150 µg/mL), increased its activity. We observed that C60(OH)36 had no effect on the microviscosity of the interior of the erythrocytes. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results indicated that water-soluble C60(OH)36 has antioxidant potential and efficiently supports the enzymatic antioxidant system within the cell. These effects are probably related to the direct interaction of C60(OH)36 with the enzyme that causes its structural changes. 相似文献
85.
Ewa Witkowska Magda Godlewska Jowita Osiejuk Sandra Gtarz Beata Wileska Katarzyna Kosiska Joanna Starnowska-Sok Anna Piotrowska Piotr F. J. Lipiski Joanna Mataliska Jolanta Dyniewicz Pawe K. Halik Ewa Gniazdowska Barbara Przewlocka Aleksandra Misicka 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(2)
Based on the mechanism of neuropathic pain induction, a new type of bifunctional hybrid peptidomimetics was obtained for potential use in this type of pain. Hybrids consist of two types of pharmacophores that are connected by different types of linkers. The first pharmacophore is an opioid agonist, and the second pharmacophore is an antagonist of the pronociceptive system, i.e., an antagonist of the melanocortin-4 receptor. The results of tests in acute and neuropathic pain models of the obtained compounds have shown that the type of linker used to connect pharmacophores had an effect on antinociceptive activity. Peptidomimetics containing longer flexible linkers were very effective at low doses in the neuropathic pain model. To elucidate the effect of linker lengths, two hybrids showing very high activity and two hybrids with lower activity were further tested for affinity for opioid (mu, delta) and melanocortin-4 receptors. Their complexes with the target receptors were also studied by molecular modelling. Our results do not show a simple relationship between linker length and affinity for particular receptor types but suggest that activity in neuropathic pain is related to a proper balance of receptor affinity rather than maximum binding to any or all of the target receptors. 相似文献
86.
Magdalena
miech Pawe Leszczyski Christopher Wardell Piotr Poznaski Mariusz Pierzchaa Hiroaki Taniguchi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(3)
The accumulation of mutations in cancer driver genes, such as tumor suppressors or proto-oncogenes, affects cellular homeostasis. Disturbances in the mechanism controlling proliferation cause significant augmentation of cell growth and division due to the loss of sensitivity to the regulatory signals. Nowadays, an increasing number of cases of liver cancer are observed worldwide. Data provided by the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) have indicated many alterations within gene sequences, whose roles in tumor development are not well understood. A comprehensive analysis of liver cancer (virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma) samples has identified new and rare mutations in B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) in Japanese HCC patients, as well as BRAF V600E mutations in French HCC patients. However, their function in liver cancer has never been investigated. Here, using functional analysis and next generation sequencing, we demonstrate the tumorigenic effect of BRAF V600E on hepatocytes (THLE-2 cell line). Moreover, we identified genes such as BMP6, CXCL11, IL1B, TBX21, RSAD2, MMP10, and SERPIND1, which are possibly regulated by the BRAF V600E-mediated, mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway. Through several functional assays, we demonstrate that BRAF L537M, D594A, and E648G mutations alone are not pathogenic in liver cancer. The investigation of genome mutations and the determination of their impact on cellular processes and functions is crucial to unraveling the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer development. 相似文献
87.
The long-term high-temperature cyclic oxidation (100 cycles, 104 h, 1500°C) of a Si3 N4 material and a Si3 N4 /MoSi2 composite, both fabricated with Y2 O3 as a sintering additive, was studied. Both materials exhibited similar oxidation rates because of surface SiO2 formation described by an almost parabolic law and a total weight gain of 3–4 mg/cm2 after 104 h. As a consequence of oxidation processes in the bulk, microstructural damage was found in the Si3 N4 material. These effects were not observed in the composite. The remarkable microstructural stability observed offers the high potential of Si3 N4 /MoSi2 composites for long-term structural applications at elevated temperatures up to 1500°C. 相似文献
88.
Piotr J. Barczuk 《Journal of power sources》2010,195(9):2507-10750
As evidenced from the increase of electrocatalytic currents measured under voltammetric and chronoamperometric conditions, the activity of bimetallic Pt-Ru and Pt-Sn nanoparticles towards oxidation of ethanol is increased by modification of their surfaces with ultra-thin films of phosphododecamolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40). The enhancement effect has been most pronounced in a case of heteropolymolybdate-modified carbon-supported Pt-Sn catalysts. Independent high-resolution XPS measurements indicate the ability of heteropolymolybdates to stabilize tin (in bimetallic Pt-Sn particles) at higher oxidation states (presumably as tin oxo species). The overall activation effect may also be ascribed to changes in the morphology of catalytic films following modification with heteropolymolybdates. Presence of the polyoxometallate is also likely to increase of the interfacial population of reactive oxo groups in the vicinity of platinum centers. 相似文献
89.
The cyclic voltammetry electroreduction of seven alkyl iodides was investigated in 0.3 M TBAP/DMF on glassy carbon electrode. The influence of carbon chain length and the number of iodine atoms in the molecule was examined. The two-electron reductive cleavage with iodine elimination was numerically resolved into one-electron consecutive steps. The mechanism of the process was discussed applying the mathematical EC(C)E and ECE-EC(C)E kinetic models with included transfer coefficient variability for one stage electroreduction of RI and two stage electroreduction of RI2, respectively. For electroreduction of diiodomethane the discrimination of elementary alpha parameter between two reduction stages was determined. 相似文献
90.
Piotr Długosz Angelika Rączka Adrian Kopeć Rudolf Krzyżak Paweł Darłak Marek Hebda 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2016,25(6):2261-2266
This paper presents novel opportunities for management of fly ash by synthesizing the material into cordierite ceramics and using it as a reinforcing phase for light metal alloys. Metal matrix composites (based on magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy) were produced by squeeze casting. The magnesium matrix composites with a suitably selected reinforcing phase content (2 wt.%) exhibited much better strength properties than the unmodified alloy (AM60). It was also demonstrated that the wettability (or the lack thereof) in the metal-ceramic system is critical to successful production of the composites based on the AK7 alloy with cordierite. Light alloy matrix composites reinforced with cordierite ceramics particles are innovative materials that combine high strength with low weight, which may be a key factor of merit for numerous applications of the composite in various branches of industries. 相似文献