Reference publication year spectroscopy (RPYS) of Eugene Garfield’s publications

Which studies, theories, and ideas have influenced Eugene Garfield’s scientific work? Recently, the method reference publication year spectroscopy (RPYS) has been introduced, which can be used to answer this and related questions. Since then, several studies have been published dealing with the historical roots of research fields and scientists. The program CRExplorer (http://www.crexplorer.net) was specifically developed for RPYS. In this study, we use this program to investigate the historical roots of Eugene Garfield’s oeuvre.     

Neutrophils Mediate Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis In Situ

Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition, which can result in respiratory insufficiency and death. Blood clots occluding branches of the pulmonary artery (PA) are traditionally considered to originate from thrombi in deep veins (usually in legs). However, growing evidence suggests that occlusion of the vessels in the lungs can develop without preceding deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this work, we used an inferior vena cava (IVC) complete ligation model of DVT in Wistar rats to explore the possibility and mechanisms of PA thrombosis under the conditions where all routes of thrombotic mass migration from peripheral veins are blocked. We demonstrate that rats both with normal and reduced neutrophil counts developed thrombi in the IVC, although, neutropenia caused a substantial decrease in thrombus size and a shift from fresh fibrin toward mature fibrin and connective tissue inside the thrombus. Massive fibrin deposition was found in the PA branches in the majority of DVT rats with normal neutrophil counts, but in none of the neutropenic animals. Neutrophil ablation also abolished macroscopic signs of lung damage. Altogether, the results demonstrate that thrombi in the lung vasculature can form in situ by mechanisms that require local neutrophil recruitment taking place in the DVT setting.     

基于生态环境保护中的石化园区环境监测管理的实践分析

环境监测工作是生态环境保护中的重要组成内容,石化园区环境监测是完善监测制度,利用现代最新监测和分析手段,对空间环境中污染物的浓度与特征实施分析,为园区环境保护工作提供所需要的数据信息。本文重点阐述石化园区环境监测在生态环境保护中的重要作用,以及环境监测管理对策与石化园区生态环境保护之间的重要关系。     

海洋输液立管涡激振动响应及其疲劳寿命研究

以FrancisBiolley改进的vanderPol尾流振子模型为基础,考虑管内流动流体和管外海洋环境荷载共同作用,建立了海洋立管涡激振动微分方程,用Hermit插值函数对立管微分方程进行离散,并用Miner理论对立管的疲劳寿命进行分析,通过编程和实例计算,分析了管内流速对涡激响应幅值和疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明,当管内流体流速变化使立管的固有频率接近漩涡脱落频率时,立管涡激振动响应将会增大,疲劳寿命将会显著减少。     

聚1-萘胺纳米颗粒的合成及表征

采用界面聚合法合成了聚(1-萘胺)纳米颗粒.利用红外光谱(FT-IR),紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis),电子扫描显微镜(SEM),投射电镜(TEM),X射线衍射(XRD),循环伏安(cyclic voltammogram)等测试方法,对聚合物进行了表征并对聚合物形貌、结构及性能进行了初步探讨.结果表明,界面聚合法合成的聚(1-萘胺)呈现直径在100nm内的颗粒状分布;XRD结果显示,聚(1-萘胺)为半结晶态聚合物;界面聚合法合成的聚(1-萘胺)具有一定的电化学活性.     

科研信用体系建设现状与发展思路探讨

科研信用体系是社会信用体系的重要组成部分.通过梳理当前科研信用体系建设的政策背景和现实需求,科研信用体系建设的必要性凸显.面对当前科研信用体系建设发展现状和存在问题,分析科研信用体系建设的不足,提出科研信用体系建设的总体发展思路,从重点任务着手,逐个剖析各项任务重点和实施建议,为我国科研信用体系建设提供参考.     

维吾尔语中汉族人名的识别及翻译

该文研究了一种维吾尔语中汉族人名的识别和翻译方法。该方法在词典等传统方法的基础上,运用语言模型实现维语中的汉族人名的识别和翻译。针对维语人名的构词和拼写特点,增加了名词词缀识别预处理模块,补充了维语字母到汉语拼音的映射规则,有效提高了人名识别的正确率及召回率。在1 000句含有汉族人名的维语语料上进行测试,汉族人名识别的正确率和召回率分别达到75.2%和91.5%。     

吐鲁番地区恢复坎儿井的必要性分析

吐鲁番地区干旱少雨,降水量远远低于蒸发量,独特的干旱气候和绿州经济特点决定了水资源开发、节约与合理刺用的必要性.通过对吐鲁番坎儿井的长期研究分析,可以看出坎儿井是吐鲁番人民的农田灌溉和日常生产生活的主要水源之一.因此应大力推进保护、管理、恢复、加固、发展坎儿井工程的建设,引起全社会人们的重视.     

Soil moisture estimation in a semiarid rangeland using ERS-2 and TM imagery

Soil moisture is important information in semiarid rangelands where vegetation growth is heavily dependent on the water availability. Although many studies have been conducted to estimate moisture in bare soil fields with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, little success has been achieved in vegetated areas. The purpose of this study is to extract soil moisture in sparsely to moderately vegetated rangeland surfaces with ERS-2/TM synergy. We developed an approach to first reduce the surface roughness effect by using the temporal differential backscatter coefficient (Δσ_wet-dry⁰). Then an optical/microwave synergistic model was built to simulate the relationship among soil moisture, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Δσ_wet-dry⁰. With NDVI calculated from TM imagery in wet seasons and Δσ_wet-dry⁰ from ERS-2 imagery in wet and dry seasons, we derived the soil moisture maps over desert grass and shrub areas in wet seasons. The results showed that in the semiarid rangeland, radar backscatter was positively correlated to NDVI when soil was dry (m_v<10%), and negatively correlated to NDVI when soil moisture was higher (m_v>10%). The approach developed in this study is valid for sparse to moderate vegetated areas. When the vegetation density is higher (NDVI>0.45), the SAR backscatter is mainly from vegetation layer and therefore the soil moisture estimation is not possible in this study.     

Web应用程序中的潜在安全问题研究

主要讨论基于Web应用程序的潜在安全问题。首先阐述Web系统的漏洞,建立Web应用程序安全意识的必要性及应用程序存在的威胁以及相应对策;接着讨论一些可能存在的安全风险;最后给出对Web应用程序开发者和系统管理员的一些建议。