Spin Valve Effect of 2D‐Materials Based Magnetic Junctions

The magnetotransport properties of spin valve structure are highly influenced by the type of intervening layer inserted between the ferromagnetic electrodes. In this scenario, spin filtering effect at the interfaces plays a crucial role in determining the magnetoresistance (MR) of such magnetic structures, which can be enhanced by using a suitable intervening layer. Here, the authors investigate the spin filtering effect of the two‐dimensional layers such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), graphene (Gr), and Gr‐hBN hybrid system for modifying the magnetotransport characteristics of the vertical spin valve architectures (Ni/hBN/Ni, Ni/Gr/Ni, and Ni/Gr‐hBN/Ni). Compared to graphene, hBN incorporated magnetic junction reveals higher MR and spin polarizations (P) suggesting better spin filtering at the interfaces. The MR for hBN incorporated junction is calculated to be ≈0.83%, while that of graphene junction it is estimated to be ≈0.16%. Similar contrast is observed in the ‘P’ of ferromagnets (FMs) for the two junctions, that is, ≈6.4% for hBN based magnetic junction and ≈2.8% for graphene device. However, for Gr‐hBN device, the signal not only get inverts, but it also suggests efficient spin filtering mechanism at the FM interfaces. Their results can be useful to comprehend the origin of spin filtering and the choice of non‐magnetic spacer for magnetotransport characteristics.

     

Breaking the curse of dimensionality: hierarchical Bayesian network model for multi-view clustering

Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence - Clustering high-dimensional data under the curse of dimensionality is an arduous task in many applications domains. The wide dimension yields the...     

Amphiphilic Core/Shell Nanoparticles to Reduce Biocide Leaching From Treated Wood, 1 – Leaching and Biological Efficacy

Core/shell nanoparticles containing the fungicide tebuconazole were prepared from amphiphilic copolymers of gelatin grafted with MMA. The grafting was performed in water at levels of 1.5–15 wt.‐% solids based on matrix mass, to give core/shell nanoparticles with median diameters ranging from ≈200 to 400 or ≈10 to 100 nm depending on composition, conditions used, and work‐up. The biocide‐containing nanoparticles were delivered into wood in up to 85% efficiency. Wood blocks treated with tebuconazole‐containing nanoparticles leached less tebuconazole than wood blocks treated with tebuconazole solutions. The best nanoparticle formulations afforded wood blocks with a biological efficacy comparable to solution‐treated wood block controls in soil jar decay tests.

     

Investigation of buoyancy-driven flow and heat transfer in a trapezoidal cavity filled with water–Cu nanofluid

A numerical study is conducted to investigate the transport mechanism of free convection in a trapezoidal enclosure filled with water–Cu nanofluid. The horizontal walls of the enclosure are insulated while the inclined walls are kept at constant but different temperatures. The numerical approach is based on the finite element technique with Galerkin's weighted residual simulation. Solutions are obtained for a wide range of the aspect ratio (AR) and Prandtl number (Pr) with Rayleigh number (Ra = 10⁵) and solid volume fraction (? = 0.05). The streamlines, isotherm plots and the variation of the average Nusselt number at the left hot wall are presented and discussed. It is found that both AR and Pr affect the fluid flow and heat transfer in the enclosure. A correlation is also developed graphically for the average Nusselt number as a function of the Prandtl number as well as the cavity aspect ratio.     

Electrochemical copolymerization of m-toluidine and o-phenylenediamine

Electroactive copolymers of m-toluidine (MT) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) were prepared electrochemically in aqueous sulfuric acid by potential cycling and characterized with cyclic voltametry, in situ conductivity measurements and FT-IR spectroscopy. The voltammograms of the copolymers exhibit different behavior for different concentrations of OPD in the comonomer feed. At optimum conditions the resulting poly(OPD-co-MT) shows an extended useful potential range of the redox activity as compared to the corresponding homopolymers. The effect of scan rate and pH on the electrochemical activity was studied. The copolymer was electrochemically active even at pH 8.0. The stability of the copolymer film was also tested. The copolymer has a potential region of maximum conductivity different from that of PMT and POPD. The conductivity of the copolymer is between the conductivity of the homopolymers. The vibrational bands at 3122/3450 and 2922/875 cm⁻¹ in the FT-IR spectra of the copolymer indicate the presence of both OPD and MT units, respectively, in the copolymer backbone.     

Correction to a novel framework for rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 on computed tomography scans

Pattern Analysis and Applications - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-021-00969-x