Androgyny and other measures of masculinity-femininity.

Analyzed S. L. Bem's measures of Masculinity (M), Femininity (F), and the absolute value of her androgyny measure by the prinicipal-components method with the Masculinity-Femininity scales from the MMPI, the California Psychological Inventory, the Omnibus Personality Inventory, and the Need for Heterosexuality scale of the Adjective Check List. Separate analyses for 59 male and 58 female undergraduates yielded the same 3 orthogonal components for each sex: masculinity-femininity, heterosexuality, and androgyny. The 3 Masculinity-Femininity scales contributed to the 1st component. Heterosexuality and Bem's M and F scales contributed to the 2nd. Androgyny and M (for the males) and F (for the females) contributed to the 3rd. Results support Bem's (1974, 1975) statements about androgyny and show that sex role traits are organized similarly for males and females. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The generation of point defects in GaAs by electron-hole recombination at dislocations

The degradation of GaAs heterojunction lasers results in the formation of long dislocation dipoles which grow by a climb process involving point defect concentrations of the order of 10¹⁹ cm⁻³. The driving force for this climb process is not understood and it has been suggested that the material contains a supersaturation of native interstitials which condense on the dislocation during device operation. An alternative model proposed that the driving force is related to the energy released by electron-hole recombination on the dislocation which is partially dissipated by the dislocation emitting vacancies into the surrounding lattice.Gallium arsenide substrates containing greater than 2 × 10¹⁸ tellurium atoms cm⁻³ contain interstitial concentrations of the order of 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ which condense out to form small dislocation loops during an anneal at 880°C. The presence of these loops indicates that the annealed material does not contain excess interstitials in solution. This annealed material was optically pumped and examined by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the loops developed into dipoles typical of degraded lasers. The number of point defects involved in this climb process increased with increasing pumping power and time. These results are discussed in terms of the two mechanisms listed above and it is concluded that the energy released by electron-hole recombination at the dislocation provides the driving force for the climb process.     

Issues in the mapping of two diseases

Recently, there has been increased interest in the geographical modelling of two or more diseases. In this article, we consider a number of issues relating to such an endeavour including the standardization process and the comparison of univariate and bivariate disease mapping models. A principle motivation for the examination of two or more diseases is to discover similarities or dissimilarities in the geographical distribution of risk. In this article, we propose a proportional mortality approach to give clues to areas of similarity and dissimilarity. A secondary aim of bivariate modelling is to 'borrow strength' between diseases in order to provide better estimates of risk in each area. We will illustrate various modelling strategies using incidence data from 1996 to 2000 on lung and bladder cancer in Washington state.     

提高燕麦方便面品质的工艺研究

燕麦是一种杂粮作物,被认为是兼备食疗功能的优质谷物,具有极高的营养价值。以燕麦粉为主原料,配合小麦粉,制作燕麦方便面,研究添加玉米淀粉、沙蒿胶、谷朊粉及羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)对燕麦方便面品质的影响。试验结果表明,复合使用以上4种添加剂对改善燕麦方便面的品质具有显著作用。在和面过程中加入生面质量10.0%的玉米淀粉、2.0%沙蒿胶、0.3%CMC-Na、5.0%谷朊粉时效果最佳;在此工艺条件下燕麦方便面的糊化度为96.67%,复水率为2.21,断条率为0,感官评分47.9,综合值166.67。     

Vital parameters for high gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production by an industrial soy sauce koji Aspergillus oryzae NSK in submerged-liquid fermentation

Food Science and Biotechnology - In submerged-liquid fermentation, seven key parameters were assessed using one-factor-at-a-time to obtain the highest GABA yield using an industrial soy sauce koji...     

Psychological Contract and Turnover Intention in the Information Technology Profession

The recruitment and retention of Information Technology (IT) professionals continue to concern organizations and researchers. We employ psychological contract theory to examine how unmet expectations may influence psychological contract breach and turnover intention. The results of a survey of IT professionals indicate four factors contributing to IT workers’ perceptions of psychological contract breach including perceived supervisor support, emotional dissonance, work exhaustion, and salary. Further, autonomy moderates the relationship between psychological contract breach and turnover intention.     

Identification of a Sex Pheromone From Male Yellow MealWorm Beetles, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tenebrio molitor</Emphasis>

The sex pheromone released by the adult female Tenebrio molitor, 4-methyl-1-nonanol, is well known. In addition, there is evidence that adult males release a pheromone that attracts females. The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify male-released pheromone(s). Emissions from virgin adult males and females were collected on filter paper and extracted with pentane. Extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One male-specific compound was detected and identified as (Z)-3-dodecenyl acetate (Z3-12:Ac). In arena bioassays, E3-12:Ac was attractive to females only, at 1 and 10 μg doses. E3-12:Ac was also attractive to females at a 10-μg dose. The presence of both male and female pheromones, each attracting the opposite sex, may contribute to maintaining a high-density population of both sexes.