Local flow measurements of vertical upward bubbly flow in an annulus

Local measurements of flow parameters were performed for vertical upward bubbly flows in an annulus. The annulus channel consisted of an inner rod with a diameter of 19.1 mm and an outer round tube with an inner diameter of 38.1 mm, and the hydraulic equivalent diameter was 19.1 mm. Double-sensor conductivity probe was used for measuring void fraction, interfacial area concentration, and interfacial velocity, and laser Doppler anemometer was utilized for measuring liquid velocity and turbulence intensity. A total of 20 data sets for void fraction, interfacial area concentration, and interfacial velocity were acquired consisting of five void fractions, about 0.050, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25, and four superficial liquid velocities, 0.272, 0.516, 1.03, and 2.08 m/s. A total of eight data sets for liquid velocity and turbulence intensity were acquired consisting of two void fractions, about 0.050, and 0.10, and four superficial liquid velocities, 0.272, 0.516, 1.03, and 2.08 m/s. The constitutive equations for distribution parameter and drift velocity in the drift-flux model, and the semi-theoretical correlation for Sauter mean diameter namely interfacial area concentration, which were proposed previously, were validated by local flow parameters obtained in the experiment using the annulus.     

一个面向服务的LBS开放框架

随着面向服务体系结构的发展和Web服务技术的日益成熟,对现有的LBS体系框架提出了新的要求。本文以服务共享为核心,给出了包括数据层、服务层和应用层的LBS开放体系框架。对LBS中基本服务和复杂服务进行了讨论,数据获取,数据分析和移动终端的位置计算作为服务为各类LBS应用所共享。研究了通过服务组合技术对复杂服务和业务流程建模,以及服务流程执行中服务节点的具体实例选择。最后通过一个原型系统的实现,对本文研究的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

广州抽水蓄能电站在广东电网中的作用及经济性分析

随着广东电网核电和大型火电机组比重的不断增加，电网调峰问题日益突出；在现有的调峰电源中，常规水电数量少，发展余地不大；燃煤机组受本身性能限制，技术、经济上都难以满足调峰要求；油电是地方上自建自用的，受利益关系制约，无法用作调峰电源。抽水蓄能电站的运行灵活，反应迅速，除适用填谷调峰外，还具有调频、调相、备用、负荷调整等多项功能和动态效益，是电网理想的调峰和应变手段。由于电价政策的因素使现有的经营管理     

The Solar Office in context

The goal of sustainability in buildings can only hope to be realised if buildings are designed to both conserve and generate energy. The Solar Office at Doxford International is designed to minimise the use of energy while its external fabric is designed to replace such energy that is used. The recently completed building is now subject of a comprehensive monitoring programme. The programme covers both the performance of the 73 kW_p photovoltaic installation and the environmental conditions within the building as a whole. Hour by hour findings are posted on a dedicated web site. Photovoltaics could have the same impact on building form and layout as the invention of the passenger lift at the end of the last century.     

Role of phase key in the double random phase encoding technique: an error analysis

We perform a numerical analysis of the double random phase encryption-decryption technique to determine how, in the case of both amplitude and phase encoding, the two decryption keys (the image- and Fourier-plane keys) affect the output gray-scale image when they are in error. We perform perfect encryption and imperfect decryption. We introduce errors into the decrypting keys that correspond to the use of random distributions of incorrect pixel values. We quantify the effects that increasing amounts of error in the image-plane key, the Fourier-plane key, and both keys simultaneously have on the decrypted image. Quantization effects are also examined.     

宅有形居无界：浅谈远洋公馆的居住文化

公馆,君之舍也。——《礼记》。 公馆是具有社会公益性质的私宅,公馆文化是中国近代以来最具代表性的颠峰居住文化,公馆的居住者往往是历史上举足轻重的才智人物,公馆生活作为公馆文化的具象载体,是居者与高尚居住形态的沟通、交互,更是社会精英人士追求至高生活形态的一种深厚情结。     

黄金地段的复合功能建筑设计：金秋莱太大厦

区域特殊性决定综合性建筑群的定位 北京金秋莱太大厦项目为莱太二期建设项目,用地位于北京市朝阳区,东三环外,亮马路以北,宵云路以南。     

钟灵山水、俊秀乐章：以银丰花园为例探析山地居住区设计方法

济南,以泉城风光名闻天下,具有悠久的水文化,又具有深厚的齐鲁文化特征：鲁文化,“仁、和、义”,儒家传统观念强：齐文化,思想开阔,崇尚自然。济南又是舜耕历山的古地,文化胜迹众多。所以,济南的很多道路以“舜”为名,如舜耕路、舜德路,我们将要介绍的银丰花园就坐落在规划中的舜德路上。     

设计结合传统：西安1001厂改造

陕西省西安市是世界著名的历史文化名城。以“城市复兴”为理念,西安市坚持复兴古城传统文化与现代城市并重的发展方向。2007年西安市人均GDP突破2000美元,说明西安的房地产市场正处蓬勃发展期,且潜力巨大。近些年,国内知名的地产商纷纷进军西安,城市建设的速度大大加快。     

Real‐Time Imaging of Cell Behaviors in Living Organisms by a Mitochondria‐Targeting AIE Fluorogen

Visualizing behaviors of cell populations within living multicellular organisms in real time is of great value to life science but challenging due to the lack of ideal probes. In this work, a biocompatible fluorogen, azide‐functionalized tetraphenylethene pyridinium (TPE‐PyN₃), is reported for noninvasive imaging and sensing within living systems. TPE‐PyN₃ exhibits unique aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) attributes and high affinity to mitochondria, enabling it to achieve specific mitochondrial imaging and long‐term cellular observing with excellent photostability both in vitro and in vivo. The high membrane penetrability of TPE‐PyN₃ allows all of the cells within the living zebrafish embryos to be morphologically visualized and reconstructed in 3D. Moreover, TPE‐PyN₃ is capable of indicating cell apoptosis because of its sensitivity to the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. The findings presented here provide a simple and noninvasive tool for studying behaviors of cell populations in vivo for the first time by a small‐molecule AIE probe.