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141.
Target expansion, i.e., the increase of target size according to cursor movement, can be a practical scheme to improve the usability of target-selection tasks using a mouse. This study examined the effects of different user age groups and target-expansion methods on target-acquisition tasks with grouped icons. Twenty-eight subjects performed acquisition tasks under eight experimental conditions: combinations of four expansion areas (no, one-icon, fish-eye, and group expansion) and two expansion techniques (occlusion and push). Older users took longer to acquire targets than younger users; however, they showed no significant difference in accuracy. Target expansion did not substantially improve performance speed compared to the static condition. However, the error rate was lowest when group area was expanded with the push technique, and both age groups were most satisfied with one-icon area expansion with the occlusion technique. We suggest alternative guidelines in designing target-expansion schemes. 相似文献
142.
This study develops a new design method called the constraint force design method, which allows topology optimization for planar rigid-body mechanisms. In conventional mechanism synthesis methods, the kinematics of a mechanism are analytically derived and the positions and types of joints of a fixed configuration (hereafter the topology) are optimized to obtain an optimal rigid-body mechanism tracking the intended output trajectory. Therefore, in conventional methods, modification of the configuration or topology of joints and links is normally considered impossible. In order to circumvent the fixed topology limitation in optimally designing rigid-body mechanisms, we present the constraint force design method. This method distributes unit masses simulating revolute or prismatic joints depending on the number of assigned degrees of freedom, analyzes the kinetics of unit masses coupled with constraint forces, and designs the existence of these constraint forces to minimize the root-mean-square error of the output paths of synthesized linkages and a target linkage using a genetic algorithm. The applicability and limitations of the newly developed method are discussed in the context of its application to several rigid-body synthesis problems. 相似文献
143.
In this paper, a new scheme is proposed to design a biometric personal recognition system. First, this paper used the thermal image of the hand by using infrared camera to build the sensor module of the recognition system; the extraction features include the length of palmar midpoint to each finger, palmar profile, finger length and finger width. The thermal image presented in this paper was detects infrared energy and converts it into an electronic signal. Then a new recognition method based on the extension is proposed to perform the core of the personal recognition system. The experimental results confirmed that proposed recognition system has a very high recognition rates, therefore, this paper verification using thermal image of the hand to identity recognition was feasible. 相似文献
144.
145.
H.C. Ji P.K.J. Park Hoon Kim J.H. Lee Y.C. Chung 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2006,18(8):950-952
We propose and demonstrate a novel technique to monitor the frequency offset between the optical source and delay interferometer (DI) for direct-detection differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) systems. In this scheme, a phase-modulated tone is applied to DPSK signals at the transmitter and then detected after being converted into an amplitude-modulated tone at the DI to be used for the monitoring signal. Our experimental demonstration shows that the monitoring range and sensitivity of the proposed scheme are measured to be /spl plusmn/2 GHz and /spl sim/10 MHz, respectively, which we believe are good enough to be used either to generate alarm signals for the frequency offset monitoring or to control the feedback loop of the DI. 相似文献
146.
Yi-Cheng Liou Chi-Ting Wu Ko-Hao Tseng Tzu-Chin Chung 《Materials Research Bulletin》2005,40(9):1483-1489
Synthesis of BaTi4O9 ceramics by a reaction-sintering process was investigated. The mixture of raw materials for stoichiometric BaTi4O9 were pressed and sintered into ceramics without any calcination stage involved. Pure BaTi4O9 phases were obtained at 1150-1280 °C. High-sintered density, 98.2-99.5% of theoretical value (4.533 g/cm3), can be obtained for pellets sintered at 1200-1280 °C for 2-6 h. Some rod-shaped grains 3-7 μm in the longitudinal axis appear in pellets sintered at 1230 °C. Both the size and the amount of these rod-shaped grains increase at higher sintering temperature. 相似文献
147.
Dornaika F. Chung C.R. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2003,33(2):308-323
This paper addresses the problem of geometry determination of a stereo rig that undergoes general rigid motions. Neither known reference objects nor stereo correspondence are required. With almost no exception, all existing online solutions attempt to recover stereo geometry by first establishing stereo correspondences. We first describe a mathematical framework that allows us to solve for stereo geometry, i.e., the rotation and translation between the two cameras, using only motion correspondence that is far easier to acquire than stereo correspondence. Second, we show how to recover the rotation and present two linear methods, as well as a nonlinear one to solve for the translation. Third, we perform a stability study for the developed methods in the presence of image noise, camera parameter noise, and ego-motion noise. We also address accuracy issues. Experiments with real image data are presented. The work allows the concept of online calibration to be broadened, as it is no longer true that only single cameras can exploit structure-from-motion strategies; even the extrinsic parameters of a stereo rig of cameras can do so without solving stereo correspondence. The developed framework is applicable for estimating the relative three-dimensional (3D) geometry associated with a wide variety of mounted devices used in vision and robotics, by exploiting their scaled ego-motion streams. 相似文献
148.
Infrared thermal velocimetry in MEMS-based fluidic devices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jaewon Chung Grigoropoulos C.P. Greif R. 《Journal of microelectromechanical systems》2003,12(3):365-372
Most MEMS (microelectromechanical system) devices are made of silicon which is transparent at infrared wavelengths. Utilizing this infrared transparency of silicon, infrared thermal velocimetry was developed to measure the velocity in MEMS based fluidic devices. The method uses an infrared laser to generate a short heating pulse in a flowing liquid. An infrared camera records the radiative images from the heated flowing liquid and the steady flow velocity is obtained from consecutive radiative images. A wide range of the velocity (1 cm/s-1 m/s or higher) in silicon (or other materials that are transparent to infrared radiation) microchannels can be measured. Numerical simulations have been carried out and are in good agreement with the experiments. Parametric studies have been carried out for different channel dimensions and laser characteristics. 相似文献
149.
Han Ho Choi Myung Jin Chung 《Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on》1997,42(12):1740-1742
In the above mentioned paper by Mahmoud-Muthairi (ibid. vol.39 (1994)) a sufficient condition for memoryless stabilization of a class of uncertain linear systems with a variable-state delay and norm-bounded time-varying uncertainties is derived in terms of an algebraic Riccati equation. This Riccati equation depends on several free matrix variables, and a subsequent result in the paper, Theorem 2, states that failure or success of the stabilization algorithm is independent of the selection of these matrix variables. In this paper, we give a counterexample to this Theorem 2 as well as providing a fix 相似文献
150.
Intrusion detection systems monitor system activities to identify unauthorized use, misuse, or abuse. IDSs offer a defense when your system's vulnerabilities are exploited and do so without requiring you to replace expensive equipment. The steady growth in research on intrusion detection systems has created a demand for tools and methods to test their effectiveness. The authors have developed a software platform that both simulates intrusions and supports their systematic methodology for IDS testing 相似文献