High pressure organic colloid method for the preparation of high performance carbon nanotube-supported Pt and PtRu catalysts for fuel cell applications

Highly dispersed,high performance Pt and PtRu catalysts,supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs),were prepared by a high pressure organic colloid method.The particle sizes of the active components were as small as 1.2 nm for Pt and 1.1 nm for PtRu,and the active Pt surface areas were 295 and 395 m2/g,respectively.The catalysts showed very high activities toward the anodic oxidation of methanol,evaluated by cyclic voltammetry,being up to 4 times higher than that of commercial Johnson Matthey Hispec 20...     

Performances of carbon nanotube field effect transistors with altered channel length

The influence of channel length on the performances of carbon nanotube field effect transistors(CNT-FETs) has been studied.Buffered oxide etching was used to remove approximately a 60 nm layer from the original 100 nm silicon dioxide layer,to thin the dielectric layer of the back gate.Channel length of the CNT-FETs was changed along with the etching process.The dependence of drain-source current on gate voltage was measured to analyze the performance of the CNT-FETs,including the transconductance,carrier mo...     

Modeling radiative properties of nanoscale patterned wafers

Temperature nonuniformity in rapid thermal processing of wafers is a critical problem facing the semiconductor industry. One cause of the problem is the nonuniform absorption of thermal radiation in patterned wafers where the optical properties vary across the wafer surface. This paper presents a parametric study of the radiative properties of patterned wafers, considering the effect of temperature, wavelength, and polarization. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is employed to examine the effe...     

Room temperature ferromagnetism of Ni, (Ni, Li), (Ni, N)-doped ZnO thin films

Ni-doped ZnO thin films (Ni concentration up to 10 mol%) were generated on Si (100) substrates by a sol-gel technique. The films showed wurtzite structure and no other phase was found. The chemical state of Ni was found to be bivalent by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of magnetic measurements at room temperature indicated that the films were ferromagnetic, and magnetic moment decreased with rise of Ni concentration. The magnetization of Ni (10 mol%)-doped ZnO film annealed in nitrogen was low...     

Research status of key techniques for shock-induced combustion ramjet(shcramjet) engine

As one of the most promising propulsion systems in the future,shock-induced combustion ramjet engine can remedy the disadvantages in the integrated design of scramjet engine and airframe.It can shorten the length of the combustor,lighten the structure weight of the engine and keep better performance in a broad range of flight Mach number.The elementary principle of shock-induced combustion ramjet engine is introduced.The key technologies of this kind of propulsion system are described,while their research s...     

Experimental investigation on a parabolic trough solar collector for thermal power generation

Developing solar thermal power technology in an effective manner is a great challenge in China.In this paper an experiment platform of a parabolic trough solar collector system(PTCS) was developed for thermal power generation,and the performance of the PTCS was experimentally investigated with synthetic oil as the circulate heat transfer fluid(HTF).The solar collector's efficiency with the variation of the solar flux and the flow rate of the HTF was identified.The collector efficiency of the PTCS can be in ...     

Fold-Hopf bifurcation in a simplified four-neuron BAM (bidirectional associative memory) neural network with two delays

The bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural network with four neurons and two delays is considered in the present paper.A linear stability analysis for the trivial equilibrium is firstly employed to provide a possible critical point at which a zero and a pair of pure imaginary eigenvalues occur in the corresponding characteristic equation.A fold-Hopf bifurcation is proved to happen at this critical point by the nonlinear analysis.The coupling strength and the delay are considered as bifurcation parame...     

Experimental study of CT test on the failure of acrylate spray-applied waterproof layer in the groundwater environment

In this study the computerized tomography (CT) was first used to quantitatively analyze the failure of acrylate spray-applied waterproof membrane in the groundwater environment. The results of the CT tests show that it is feasible to use the CT to quantitatively analyze the failure of the waterproof membrane and the CT method has the advantages of speediness and accuracy that can eliminate the fussy operation process in routine tests. The main conclusions summarized from the study are as follows. First, the...     

In situ study on dendrite growth of metallic alloy by a synchrotron radiation imaging technology

This study was trying to observe the real-time dendrite growth of Sn-Bi and Sn-Pb binary alloys by a synchrotron radiation imaging technology.The imaging system includes an intense and high brightness synchrotron radiation source,a high-resolution and fast-readout charge coupled device camera,an alloy sample and a Bridgman solidification system.The imaging experiments were done at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility with an updated synchrotron radiation imaging technique,diffraction-enhanced imaging,whic...     

Advances in estimation methods of vegetation water content based on optical remote sensing techniques

Quantitative estimation of vegetation water content(VWC) using optical remote sensing techniques is helpful in forest fire as-sessment,agricultural drought monitoring and crop yield estimation.This paper reviews the research advances of VWC retrieval using spectral reflectance,spectral water index and radiative transfer model(RTM) methods.It also evaluates the reli-ability of VWC estimation using spectral water index from the observation data and the RTM.Focusing on two main definitions of VWC—the fuel mois...