Die Bewertung von Wurstwaren auf Grund des Verh?ltnisses Leimgebende Substanz: Gesamt-Stickstoffsubstanz

Ohne ZusammenfassungMitteilung aus der Nahrungsmittel-Untersuchungsstelle an der Technischen Hochschule in Braunschweig.     

Salt Concentration Effects in Planar Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Incorporation of ions in the active layer of organic semiconductor devices may lead to attractive device properties like enhanced injection and improved carrier transport. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the salt concentration on the operation of light‐emitting electrochemical cells, using experiments and numerical calculations. The current density and light emission are shown to increase linearly with increasing ion concentration over a wide range of concentrations. The increasing current is accompanied by an ion redistribution, leading to a narrowing of the recombination zone. Hence, in absence of detrimental side reactions and doping‐related luminescence quenching, the ion concentration should be as high as possible.     

Kochen-Specker theorem studied with neutron interferometer

The Kochen-Specker theorem shows the incompatibility of noncontextual hidden variable theories with quantum mechanics. Quantum contextuality is a more general concept than quantum non-locality which is quite well tested in experiments using Bell inequalities. Within neutron interferometry we performed an experimental test of the Kochen-Specker theorem with an inequality, which identifies quantum contextuality, by using spin-path entanglement of single neutrons. Here entanglement is achieved not between different particles, but between degrees of freedom of a single neutron, i.e., between spin and path degree of freedom. Appropriate combinations of the spin analysis and the position of the phase shifter allow an experimental verification of the violation of an inequality derived from the Kochen-Specker theorem. The observed violation 2.291±0.008?1 clearly shows that quantum mechanical predictions cannot be reproduced by noncontextual hidden variable theories.     

Efficient shape optimization for certain and uncertain aerodynamic design

In this paper, we present novel developments in aerodynamic shape optimization based on shape calculus as well as the proper treatment of aleatoric uncertainties in the field of aerodynamic design.     

Morphology Transformation Pathway of Block Copolymer-Directed Cooperative Self-Assembly of ZnO Hybrid Films Monitored In Situ during Slot-Die Coating

Cooperative self-assembly (co-assembly) of diblock copolymers (DBCs) and inorganic precursors that takes inspiration from the rich phase separation behavior of DBCs can enable the realization of a broad spectrum of functional nanostructures with the desired sizes. In a DBC assisted sol–gel chemistry approach with polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) and ZnO, hybrid films are formed with slot-die coating. Pure DBC films are printed as control. In situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering measurements are performed to investigate the self-assembly and co-assembly process during the film formation. Combining complementary ex situ characterizations, several distinct regimes are differentiated to describe the morphological transformations from the initially solvent-dispersed to the ultimately solidified films. The comparison of the assembly pathway evidences that the key step in the establishment of the pure DBC film is the coalescence of spherical micelles toward cylindrical domains. Due to the presence of the phase-selective precursor, the formation of cylindrical aggregates in the solution is crucial for the structural development of the hybrid film. The pre-existing cylinders in the ink impede the domain growth of the hybrid film during the subsequent drying process. The precursor reduces the degree of order, prevents crystallization of the PEO block, and introduces additional length scales in the hybrid films.     

HIAWSC： An Immune Algorithm Based Heuristic Web Service Composition Framework

The introduction of of web services has led to web service composition being a focus of many researchers. Composing web services using workflows is seen as the most realistic method from an industrial viewpoint. Amongst other method, the use of natural computing methods has been proposed previously to automate web service composition. The need for a fast response when computing the most suitable sequence of services is addressed in this paper. In particular, we propose a novel heuristic immune algorithm with an efficient encoding and mutation method. The algorithm involves two steps： an immune selection operation, which is maintaining antibody population diversity and the clonal selection. The use of a vaccine during the evolution provides heuristic information that accelerates the convergence. Our experimental results illustrate that the proposed heuristic immune algorithm is very effective in improving the convergence speed. We also provide a schema analysis for this method.     

Chemical vapor deposition synthesis of self-aligned carbon nanotube arrays

A procedure for producing arrays of self-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using standard chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reported. Using UV photolithography, silicon substrates are patterned with a thin layer of thermally evaporated iron as a CNT catalyst. The CVD synthesis was carried out over a small temperature range (700°C–800°C) using acetylene and methane gasses, producing aligned CNT towers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows a relationship between CNT tower height and synthesis time. Additionally, results show that impurity particles dramatically effect CNT tower growth. These results indicate that aligned CNTs can be produced in a desired pattern with height control.     

Spatio-Temporal Correlations in Memristive Crossbar Arrays due to Thermal Effects

Memristive valence change memory (VCM) cells show a strong non-linearity in the switching kinetics which is induced by a temperature increase. In this respect, thermal crosstalk can be observed in highly integrated crossbar arrays which may impact the resistance state of adjacent devices. Additionally, due to the thermal capacitance, a VCM cell can remain thermally active after a pulse and thus influence the temperature conditions for a possible subsequent pulse. By using a finite element model of a crossbar array, it is shown that spatio-temporal thermal correlations can occur and are capable of affecting the resistive state of adjacent cells. This new functional behavior can potentially be used for future neuromorphic computing applications.