农田铜元素生物有效性分析

采用化学连续浸提法对南方某市农田土壤中铜的赋存形态进行了比较分析,并且计算了铜的有效性系数。结果表明,该地区土壤没有受到重金属铜污染,土壤可交换态铜、碳酸盐结合态铜、铁锰氧化态铜、有机态铜和残余态铜分别占全铜量的0.8%、29.2%、40.2%、8.4%和21.4%。供试土壤有效铜含量与土壤铁锰氧化态铜、有机态铜含量呈极显著性正相关。     

基于低温直接键合的血细胞计数芯片结构制备

研究了一种新颖的微流管道血细胞计数器的结构及其工作原理,采用流体动力学对其液体分层流动特性进行了仿真分析,结合图形制备和低温直接键合工艺制作了硅基微流体管道血细胞计数器结构,并采用红外透射方法对微流体管道结构进行了检测.对封闭管道的流通性及结构的键合强度也进行了测量.研究分析表明,采用上述工艺制备的微流体芯片结构与电子器件兼容性好,具有良好的化学惰性和热稳定性,而且管道结构规则,精度高,键合界面层薄,具有较好的应用前景.     

WDM光网络中的动态流量疏导

针对波分复用光网络中的业务疏导问题,文章基于通道组交换网络模型,采用波分复用网络中的相对容量算法来解决业务疏导的路由、波长分配和时隙分配问题.基于该模型的算法能够将波长和时隙分配这两个通常分开解决的问题一步解决,因此比现有方法具有更好的效能,仿真也验证了这一点.     

Cryogenic Exfoliation of 2D Stanene Nanosheets for Cancer Theranostics

Stanene(Sn)-based materials have been extensively applied in industrial production and daily life,but their potential biomedi-cal application remains largely un...     

Superhydrophobic Paper-Based Microfluidic Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor Functionalized with Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube and DNAzyme for Hypocalcemia Diagnosis

Hypocalcemia is caused by a sharp decline in blood calcium concentration after dairy cow calving, which can lead to various diseases or even death. It is necessary to develop an inexpensive, easy-to-operate, reliable sensor to diagnose hypocalcemia. The cellulose-paper-based microfluidic field-effect biosensor is promising for point-of-care, but it has poor mechanical strength and a short service life after exposure to an aqueous solution. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), as a popular organosilane derivative, can improve the hydrophobicity of cellulose paper to overcome the shortage of cellulose paper. In this work, OTS was used to produce the superhydrophobic cellulose paper that enhances the mechanical strength and short service life of MFB, and a microfluidic field-effect biosensor (MFB) with semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and DNAzyme was then developed for the Ca²⁺ determination. Pyrene carboxylic acid (PCA) attached to SWNTs through a non-covalent π-π stacking interaction provided a carboxyl group that can bond with an amino group of DNAzyme. Two DNAzymes with different sensitivities were designed by changing the sequence length and cleavage site, which were functionalized with SPFET/SWNTs-PCA to form Dual-MFB, decreasing the interference of impurities in cow blood. After optimizing the detecting parameters, Dual-MFB could determine the Ca²⁺ concentration in the range of 25 μM to 5 mM, with a detection limit of 10.7 μM. The proposed Dual-MFB was applied to measure Ca²⁺ concentration in cow blood, which provided a new method to diagnose hypocalcemia after dairy cow calving.     

MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in the Differential Diagnosis of Lipomatous Tumors and Their Mimics

Adipocytic tumors are the most common subtype of soft tissue tumors. In current clinical practice, distinguishing benign lipomas from well-differentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS), as well as dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPS) from their morphologic mimics, remains a significant diagnostic challenge. This is especially so when examining small biopsy samples and without the aid of additional ancillary tests. Recognizing the important role that microRNAs (miRNAs) play in tumorigenesis and their potential utility in tumor classification, we analyzed routine clinical tissue samples of benign and malignant lipomatous tumors, as well as other sarcoma mimics, to identify distinguishing miRNA-based signatures that can aid in the differential diagnosis of these entities. We discovered a 6-miRNA signature that separated lipomas from WDLPS with high confidence (AUC of 0.963), as well as a separate 6-miRNA signature that distinguished DDLPS from their more aggressive histologic mimics (AUC of 0.740). Functional enrichment analysis unveiled possible mechanistic involvement of these predictive miRNAs in adipocytic cancer-related biological processes and pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling, further supporting the relevance of these miRNAs as biomarkers for adipocytic tumors. Our results demonstrate that miRNA expression profiling may potentially be used as an adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of benign and malignant adipocytic tumors. Further validation studies are warranted.     

Liutex identification on hairpin vortex structures in a channel based on msfle and moving-PIV

The spatiotemporal evolution of hairpin vortex structures in a fully developed turbulent boundary layer is investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by usin...     

弯晶谱仪在X射线探测中的应用

为了对激光等离子体进行诊断,研制了聚焦型椭圆弯晶谱仪用来探测等离子体辐射的X射线.谱仪利用从椭圆一个焦点发射出的光线经椭圆面反射必汇聚于另一焦点的性质而研制,椭圆的离心率和焦距分别为0.9586mm及1350mm.在此采用氟化锂(200)(2d=0.4027nm)作为晶体分析器,其布拉格衍射角变化范围为30～67.5°,可探测波长范嗣为0.2～O.37nm.在"神光-Ⅱ"激光装置上进行了打靶实验,利用软X射线CCD相机作为摄谱器件,该谱仪获得了钛的类He共振线(w)、磁四级M2跃迁x线、互组合跃迁y线、禁戒谱线(z)以及类Li谱线(q).实验结果表明该谱仪的最高光谱分辨率(λ/△λ)可以达到1000以上,能够用于激光等离子体X射线光谱学研究.     

钱塘江河口段洪水冲刷效果的影响因素研究

通过一维动床数学模型,对钱塘江河口段不同江道等因素影响下的洪水冲刷效果进行研究。结果表明:洪水的冲刷效果与江道起始容积、洪峰流量、下游潮汐大小、洪潮遭遇等因素有关。江道起始容积越大,冲刷效率越低;洪峰流量越大,则冲刷效率越高;洪潮遭遇改变了冲刷的过程,但在24 h内不论如何遭遇,冲刷总量基本接近。上述研究结果可为钱塘江河口段汛前江道调控确保防洪安全提供参考。     

基于横波速度差异的裂缝分布识别方法——以准噶尔盆地火山岩地层为应用实例

在火成岩等裂缝和微裂缝发育地层的钻井过程中,井壁掉块甚至井壁坍塌引起的卡钻事故时有发生,严重影响了钻井安全和施工进度,要解决上述问题,需要在钻前了解地层的裂缝分布情况,进而设计合理的井身结构并采用有针对性的钻井工艺。为此,在详细分析声波速度与岩石力学特征参数关系的基础上,给出了以声波测井数据为依据的裂缝概率分布的定量计算方法,并且通过分析井径对声波时差影响的机理,提出了井径对声波时差影响的校正方法,进而建立了基于声波测井数据的裂缝识别模型。将该模型应用于准噶尔盆地2口深探井,应用效果表明:1裂缝识别结果与井径分布情况吻合较好,从而反映出该方法能够较准确地对裂缝进行识别;2井径变化对于声波时差会产生较大的影响,在数据处理过程中必须进行校正;3该方法利用常规的声波测井数据进行裂缝识别,也为一些仅有常规测井资料的老井进行裂缝识别提供了一条新的途径。