Attraction of moth species of Tortricidae,Gelechiidae, Geometridae,Drepanidae, Pyralidae,and Gracillariidae families to field traps baited with conjugated dienes

Field surveys of a series of conjugated diunsaturated straight-chain primary alcohols, acetates, and aldehydes (dienes), including the 3,5-dode-cadienyl, 8,10-dodecadienyl, 3,5-tetradecadienyl, 8,10-tetradecadienyl, 9,11-tetradecadienyl, and 10,12-tetradecadienyl primary alcohols, acetates, and most aldehydes, and the related monounsaturated straight-chain primary alcohols, acetates, and aldehydes (monoenes), including the 3-dodecadienyl alcohol and acetates, attracted the following species from the title families. Diene attractants have been demonstrated for at least onePhyllonorycter sp.,Chionodes lugubrella (Fabr.),Leptostales ferruminaria (Zell.),Drepana bilineata (Pack.),Pyrausta fodinalis (Led.),Notocelia purpurissatana Heinr.,Phaneta alterana Heinr. Monoene attractants were demonstrated forHedya separatana (Kft.),Cydia fletcherana (Kft.),Barbara mappana Free.,Ancylis burgessiana (Zell.),Ancylis nubeculana Clem.,Evippe prunifoliella Cham.,Phlyctaenia coronata tertialis (Gn.), aChionodes sp., a Gelechiidae sp., and an unidentifiedPhyllonorycter sp. Replicated field experiments showed attraction-inhibition relationships for most species. Electroantennagram data are presented forLeptostales ferruminaria andDrepana bilineata.     

Polymeric schiff's base chelates and their precursors 8a), some cobalt chelates as catalysts for the isomerization of quadrycyclane to norbornadiene

Summary Starting with Z-2, 3-diamino-2-butenedinitrile as diamine component the synthesis of the low molecular N,N,O,O-chelate 3.Co and its ligand 3 is optimized. An easy synthesis of the chelate 8.Co covalently bound on macroreticular resins is presented. The chelates 8.Co are the most active heterogenous catalysts for the valence isomerization of quadricyclane to norbornadiene today.     

Microprocessor-Based Control of an Ion Beam Deposition System

A microprocessor-based system with 32 A/D, 24 D/A, and 16 ac load controllers, has been designed and built to monitor and control an ion beam thin-film deposition system. The A/D and D/A channels have electrical isolation of 7.5 kV between channels and between input and output. The microprocessor system keeps the ion beam deposition parameters stable for extended periods of operation and it is proposed as a means to greatly simplify switching from one deposition species to another to grow thin multilayer or alloy films.     

Intramolecular crosslinking of poly(vinyl alcohol)

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is crosslinked in dilute solution (c=0.1 wt%) with glutaraldehyde. The reaction product is characterized by viscometry and gel permeation chromatography (g.p.c.). The intrinsic viscosity decreases with increasing degree of crosslinking and does not depend on temperature. G.p.c. reveals that the reaction product is not homogeneous, but consists of a mixture of particles with different sizes, possibly both intra- and intermolecularly crosslinked molecules. The intramolecularly crosslinked molecules are smaller in size than the initial polymer molecules and their size depends on the degree of crosslinking. They possess a narrow particle size distribution even if the initial polymer sample had a broad molecular weight distribution.     

Computing hysteresis points of nonlinear equations depending on two parameters

A direct method is described for computing a hysteresis point (double turning point) corresponding to a cusp point of a system ofn nonlinear equations inn variables depending on two parameters. By addition of two equations a minimally extended system ofn+2 nonlinear equations is constructed for which the hysteresis point is an isolated solution. An efficient implementation of Newton's method is presented not requiring evaluations of second derivatives of the original problem. Two numerical examples show the efficiency of theQ-quadratically convergent method.     

The synthesis of distillation-based separation systems

The last dozen years have produced almost 50 English language articles on the synthesis of separation systems [1]. Most work has considered separating a single relatively ideal mixture into sharply split, usually pure-component products using systems of single-feed, two-product distillation columns. Of late, the work has considered heat-integrating these columns to reduce energy consumption. Present research will very likely produce valuable results for nonsharp separations.Earlier approaches developed both algorithmic- and heuristic-based tree search algorithms for discovering the better systems of non-heat-integrated columns. New results permit the design of heat-integrated systems.The paper highlights the above developments.     

Special numbers,still proceedings,other novelties

Modifications of solid water and their transitions are described as they relate to cryo electron microscopy. In particular, the various amorphous states (amorphous polymorphs) as they exist below 100 K are extensively investigated. The “high-density” midification exhibits a lower viscosity than the “low-density” form. Differences are also observed in the mechanism of void formation due to electron irradiation: in the high-density form, voids are formed — not, however, in the low-density form. Together with the reaction to radiation damage, the physical properties of amorphous solid water are discussed with respect to embedding of organic specimens. Finally, the conditions and pitfalls associated with preparation of thin and entirely vitrified ice layers by shock-freezing are described.     

Half-bridge inverter using 4H-SiC gate turn-off thyristors

This paper reports on the first demonstration of a half-bridge power inverter constructed from silicon carbide gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs) operated in the conventional GTO mode. This circuit was characterized with input bus voltages of up to 600 VDC and 2 A (peak current density of 540 A/cm²) with resistive loads using a pulse-width modulated switching frequency of 2 kHz. We discuss the implications of the thyristor's electrical characteristics and the circuit topology on the overall operation of the half-bridge circuit. This work has determined the conservative critical rate of rise value of the off-state voltage to be 200 V/μs in these devices     

Is Chlorogenic Acid Bitter?

Chlorogenic acid at 5° published threshold concentration (100 mg/ L) in aqueous 0.2% potassium acid tartrate was not significantly more bitter than aqueous 0.2% potassium tartrate alone when evaluated by taste panel.