基于神经网络的面波迭代反演应用研究

根据滩浅海近地表结构特征,尝试利用地震记录中的面波进行近地表结构研究,以便了解滩浅海地区的近地表地层介质结构变化,为深层油气勘探提供准确的低降速带资料.针对面波频散反演已有方法存在的不足,引入一种基于BP神经网络的迭代反演方法对面波的频散曲线进行拟合迭代,用于反演预测滩浅海低降速带地层参数.由于神经网络具有很强的自学习、自适应、自组织和容错能力,它的反演预测能力非常强大,能够较精确地预测出所要求解的目标数据,同时结合传统迭代反演方法的优点,增强了该方法的反演预测能力.通过对滩浅海近地表结构模型试算,获得好的效果,同时进一步对实际记录进行了计算,也取得了比较满意的结果.     

基于IEEE 80211e EDCA的下行信道动态无竞争接入机制*

为了改善无线局域网络服务质量,IEEE工作组形成了增补标准IEEE 802.11e,但是其增强的接入机制仍然不能完全满足IPTV、视频点播等类似场景的应用。为此提出了针对这一类应用场景的一种新的简单易行的下行信道动态无竞争接入机制,该机制基于MAC层队列长度信息动态调整下行信道接入参数,能有效地保护下行流媒体数据的传输,通过仿真结果验证了该机制有效并且实用。     

基于MEMS技术研制RF硅基微电感线圈

在分析了硅基上金属线圈的串联电阻、金属层厚度等在低频和高频的情况下对Q的影响及原因的基础上,提出了一种在硅杯表面采用浓硼扩散区与镀金属膜形成的欧姆接触电极作为内引线的硅基电感的新制造方法。设计了硅基电感的版图尺寸和相关的工艺流程,用IntelliSuite软件模拟验证了工艺流程的可能性,再利用Ansys有限元软件中的电磁分析模块模拟了电流与磁感应强度的关系、衬底涡流分布等,为平面电感的理论与实验的进一步比较分析提供了参考依据。在研制过程中发现影响电感性能好坏的主要因素是衬底涡流效应,为此提出了在矩形硅杯膜上制作电感的方法,为了进一步减薄金属电感线圈衬底的厚度,在硅杯膜背面采用激光打孔得到了膜厚约为5μm的衬底,从而可以使衬底中的涡流大幅度减少、电感的Q值得到很大提高。此外,提出的新制造方法采用了绝缘性能比SiO2好的Al2O3薄膜作为电感线圈与衬底之间的绝缘层。结果表明,设计的平面螺旋电感具有制造工艺简单、与IC工艺相兼容的优点,有广泛的应用前景。     

复合材料船用螺旋桨设计与CFD/FEM计算

将基于RANS方程的计算流体力学方法与有限元方法相结合,沿着螺旋桨水动力性能计算、复合材料螺旋桨建模及结构铺层设计、CFD/FEM载荷传递、复合材料螺旋桨结构力学性能计算,水动力性能收敛判定的设计分析流程,完成了某种螺旋桨桨叶的初步的设计过程.提出一种预变形策略以改进复合材料螺旋桨的综合性能.计算结果表明,该复合材料螺旋桨能够满足预定设计指标的要求,在达到传统金属螺旋桨水动力性能要求的同时,减重30%,运行效率增加.研究结果充分说明了所采用设计方法的可行性.     

BitTorrent流量控制系统的总体设计

针对P2P（Peer to Peer,对等联网）技术在宁夏石嘴山联通互联网网络的运行中存在一定的负面影响,笔者对P2P应用中最广泛采用的BitTorrent（比特流）进行研究,设计出一种BT流量控制系统,使得P2P流量本地化,并且降低出入口流量,从而达到既节省电信运营企业流量结算成本,又能维持用户体验的目的.     

基于GPU Raycasting算法的矢量/栅格混合绘制研究*

Raycasting体绘制算法由于成像质量高而被广泛应用于体数据的可视化,但当线、面表达的矢量数据和三维栅格表达的体数据同时绘制到同一场景时,由于绘制方法的差异会造成矢量和栅格数据空间遮挡关系不一致。在GPU实现Raycasting算法的基础上,通过矢量和栅格数据先后绘制,采用FBO离屏绘制等技术将矢量数据绘制到深度缓存纹理并在体绘制采样和融合中统一考虑矢栅颜色融合。实验结果表明,该算法在矢量数据非透明模式下能正确处理矢量栅格数据的混合绘制。     

基于马尔可夫随机场的低分辨率车牌图像复原算法*

由于采集到的车牌图像分辨率较小,为获取高分辨率的图像,提出基于马尔可夫随机场模型的车牌图像超分辨率复原算法。首先对图像进行分块;然后利用马尔可夫随机场对这些分块进行建模,通过模型学习训练库中高低分辨率图像的关系,预测待复原的低分辨率车牌图像的高频细节信息。实验结果表明,本算法对车牌图像取得较好的复原效果,算法复原的超分辨率车牌图像更接近于真实图像,具有更高的峰值信噪比。     

转动矩阵在弯扭屈曲和几何非线性分析中的研究

薄壁钢梁在利用有限单元模型进行弯扭屈曲分析和三维非线性分析中,都可以通过转动矩阵来得到位移-应变的非线性关系,因此转动矩阵的精度决定了应变的准确性.在弯扭屈曲中,利用小转动理论可以得到较新势能方程,但分析的结果会高于实际值,而大转动理论可得到传统势能方程,会更接近实际值.在几何非线性分析中,由小转动理论得到的几何刚度矩阵,当结构发生空间有限转动时,边角结点弯矩会产生不平衡的附加力矩,导致结点不能保持平衡和转动连续性,需要对相应的连带力矩矩阵进行修正.而由大转动理论得到的几何刚度矩阵能保持结点平衡和转动连续性,但该单元不能通过刚体检验.     

Separation of nanocolloids driven by dielectrophoresis: A molecular dynamics simulation

The nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to model the nanocolloids and the solvent particles. By introducing a non-uniform electric field, colloids were polarized to have opposite polarities. Separation of colloids driven by dielectrophoresis (DEP) could be seen clearly under a strong electric field at low temperatures. Analyzing the ratio of DEP velocities of colloids to thermal velocities of neutral solvent particles showed that when the ratio was correspondingly big, collision between colloids and solvent particles would be intense, making the DEP velocity of colloids fluctuate frequently. By changing the electric field strength, it was found that the enhancement of electric field strength would quicken the separation of colloids. But when the electric field strength increased to a certain degree, the separation motion would be slow because of the strong friction resistance of the solvent particles to the colloids. Moreover, studying the separation reason of colloids based on the potential energy showed that after colloids were polarized, the attractive potential energy among the colloids would be weaker than before, while the increase of temperature would reduce the attractive potential energy and increase the repulsive potential energy, which accorded with the DLVO theory. Supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Derelopment Program of China (“863” Project) (Grant No. 2006AA04Z351) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50675033, 30770553)     

Experiments and reaction characteristics of liquid phase simultaneous removal of SO<Subscript>2</Subscript> and NO

Experiments of simultaneous removal of SO₂ and NO from simulated flue gas, using NaClO₂ solution as the absorbent, were carried out in a self-designed bubble reactor, and high simultaneous removal efficiencies of SO₂ and NO were obtained under the optimal experimental conditions. The mechanism of simultaneous removal based on NaClO₂ acid solutions was proposed by analyzing the removal products. Possibility and limitation of the desulfurization and denitrification using NaClO₂ acid solutions were calculated by thermodynamic methods. Experimental results of reaction kinetics for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification indicated that the oxidation-absorption processes of SO₂ and NO were divided into two zones, namely the fast and slow reaction zones. In the slow reaction zones both were zero order reactions, and in the fast reaction zones, the reaction order, rate constant and activation energy of SO₂ reaction with absorbent were 1.4, 1.22 (mol·L⁻¹)^−0.4·s⁻¹ and 66.25 kJ·mol⁻¹, respectively, and 2, 3.15×10³ (mol·L⁻¹) ⁻¹·s⁻¹, and 42.50 kJ·mol⁻¹ for NO reaction, respectively. Supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (“863” Project) (Grant No. 2007AA061803)